Pupillary Abnormality Causes & Reasons

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Patient File

Sex unknown, Age unknown

Reported Symptoms

Pupillary Abnormality,

Negated

None

Unsure

None

Possible Causes

Substance Abuse Problems

Abstract Hospital-wide rumors and anecdotal reports had suggested that there was a potentially serious problem of alcohol and drug abuse among the psychiatric patients of this hospital. The authors describe a systematic, evaluative approach which gave direct and detailed information on the nature and extent of[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Brain Concussion

A brain concussion is a still incompletely defined syndrome of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that causes a spectrum of symptoms without evident structural damage to the brain. A headache, cognitive deficits, emotional instability, sleep disturbances, and an overall change in mental state after trauma are highly[…] [symptoma.com]

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Acute Amphetamine Intoxication

Steven B. Karch, MD, FFFLM CRC Press, ٢١‏/١٢‏/٢٠٠٦ - 1288 من الصفحات Following the well-received first edition, the Drug Abuse Handbook, Second Edition is a thorough compendium of the knowledge of the pharmacological, medical, and legal aspects of drugs. The book examines criminalistics, pathology, pharmacokinetics,[…] [books.google.com]

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Eyeball Injury

An extreme eye injury can cause a globe rupture where the eyeball can split open. This can be due to trauma directly on the eye or around the eye. Watch this episode of A State of Sight with Isaac Porter, MD to learn more about this injury and the eye surgery options to help save the eye and restore vision.[…] [eyeporter.com]

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Glaucoma

[…] than with relative pupillary block ( Ritch 2003 ). [doi.org]

19 Severity can range from pupillary strands or an isolated Mittendorf dot, to more severe forms with retrolenticular membranes, retinal dysplasia, or detachment. 1, 3, [doi.org]

In other mice, both a - and b - wave amplitude reductions were seen, due in part to poor pupillary dilation. [doi.org]

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Overdose

[…] or vomiting, and abnormal behaviour such as fighting, grandiosity, hypervigilance, agitation, and impaired judgement. [who.int]

sweating, chills, anorexia, nausea or vomiting, insomnia, and abnormal behaviour such as aggression, grandiosity, hypervigilance, agitation, and impaired judgement. [who.int]

Stimulants can give rise to symptoms suggestive of intoxication, including tachycardia, pupillary dilatation, elevated blood pressure, hyperreflexia, sweating, chills, nausea [who.int]

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Epidural Hematoma

And patients with abnormal pupillary amounted to 24 people (40%). [biomedpharmajournal.org]

Factors that may influence outcome are as follows: Patient age Time lapsed between injury and treatment Immediate coma or lucid interval Presence of pupillary abnormalities [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The risk factors identified, age, GCS, pupillary abnormalities, lucid interval, volume and location of the EDH, midline shift and other focal lesions. [biomedpharmajournal.org]

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Cerebral Hemorrhage

abnormalities or motor posturing; Figure 3 ). [ccforum.biomedcentral.com]

Of note, 3 of the 7 patients with pupillary abnormalities made a good recovery, as did 4 of the 8 with clots 60 mL. [doi.org]

Lack of abnormal pupillary response to light and the visibility of basal cisterns may increase the need for urgent care. [emedicine.com]

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Subdural Hematoma

Also several studies have shown increased mortality in patients with the presence of pupillary abnormalities, which was seen acutely in our patient. [hindawi.com]

abnormalities, alcohol use, injury by motorcycle, ischemic damage, [6] hypoxia or hypotension, and overall ability to control ICP. [7, 8, 5] Chronic subdural hematoma Outcome [emedicine.medscape.com]

[…] poor prognostic indicators for acute SDH have been reported to include the initial and postresuscitation Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, the GCS motor score on admission, pupillary [emedicine.medscape.com]

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Opiate Overdose

Abstract Heroin and other opiates are central nervous system depressants; in an opiate overdose, respiration slows, potentially resulting in hypoxia, coma, or death. In 1998, 140 deaths from unintentional opiate overdoses occurred in King County (which includes Seattle). To characterize these deaths, public health[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Intracerebral Hematoma

abnormalities (present in 30-50%) Papilledema Asymmetric reflexes Babinski sign Aphasia or dysphasia Gait abnormalities Neck stiffness etc. [faculty.washington.edu]

TICH group with other traumatic intracranial lesions showed worse initial level of consciousness, more likely to have abnormal pupillary reflex, higher incidence of delayed [jkns.or.kr]

Be sure to evaluate the patient’s pupillary light reflexes. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

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Uveitis

[…] membranes convert 364.74 to ICD-10-CM 364.75 Pupillary abnormalities convert 364.75 to ICD-10-CM 364.76 Iridodialysis convert 364.76 to ICD-10-CM 364.77 Recession of chamber [icd9data.com]

[…] convert 364.71 to ICD-10-CM 364.72 Anterior synechiae of iris convert 364.72 to ICD-10-CM 364.73 Goniosynechiae convert 364.73 to ICD-10-CM 364.74 Adhesions and disruptions of pupillary [icd9data.com]

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Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Urgent salvage procedures to evacuate parenchymal haematomas (before DSA investigation) is reserved for states of acute intracranial decompensation and pupillary abnormalities [jnnp.bmj.com]

The level of coma and pupillary abnormalities in poor grade patients should largely be ignored in the early phases of resuscitation, as they are often unreliable for prognostic [jnnp.bmj.com]

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Intrapontine Hemorrhage

abnormalities. [aic.cuhk.edu.hk]

[…] pontine haemorrhages that would previously not be detected A case series of 26 patients suggests that prognosis is related to size of the haematoma level of consciousness pupillary [aic.cuhk.edu.hk]

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Syphilis

On examination there was a sluggish right pupillary response but no other abnormal findings. Serum and CSF syphilis serology were both strongly positive. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Tremors of the mouth, tongue, outstretched hands, and whole body may occur; other signs include pupillary abnormalities, dysarthria, hyperreflexia, and, in some patients, [msdmanuals.com]

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Heroin Dependence

Addict Biol. 2014 Jan;19(1):111-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2012.00445.x. Epub 2012 Apr 13. Nelson EC 1, Lynskey MT, Heath AC, Wray N, Agrawal A, Shand FL, Henders AK, Wallace L, Todorov AA, Schrage AJ, Madden PA, Degenhardt L, Martin NG, Montgomery GW. Author information 1 Department of Psychiatry, Washington University[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Encephalitis

The patient showed pupillary abnormalities suggestive of a diagnosis of neurosyphilis, and the diagnosis was supported by the results of a serum Treponema pallidum hemagglutination [jstage.jst.go.jp]

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Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma

Causes of Narrow-Angle Glaucoma Causes of the abnormal positioning of the iris in narrow-angle glaucoma include: Pupillary block. [allaboutvision.com]

Angle crowding — this may occur due to an abnormally configured iris, e.g. plateau iris, that obstructs the angle during pupillary dilatation. [lifeinthefastlane.com]

Pupillary block occurs when aqueous humor cannot pass from the posterior to the anterior chamber because of iridolenticular apposition. [journal.opted.org]

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Vitreous Hemorrhage

A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P R S T U V W X Abnormalities, Eye (Eye Abnormalities) Acanthamoeba Keratitis Achromatopsia (Color Vision Defects) Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitides [provisu.ch]

(Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic) Acute Retinal Necrosis (Retinal Necrosis Syndrome, Acute) Adie Syndrome Adie's Pupil (Tonic Pupil) Afferent Pupillary Defect (Pupil Disorders [provisu.ch]

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Optic Neuropathy

There were no pupillary abnormalities noted. Ophthalmoscopy revealed variable, and often times subtle, temporal pallor of the optic nerve. [iovs.arvojournals.org]

Common Pupillary Abnormalities Finding Explanation Asymmetry of 1–2 mm between pupils, preserved light responses, and no symptoms Normal variant (physiologic anisocoria) Asymmetry [merckmanuals.com]

For instance, red colour may be viewed as a lighter shade, or another colour similar to red in a patient shows signs of optical neuropathy. 6 Ø Abnormal pupillary response [biotecharticles.com]

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Intracranial Hematoma

Its features are: Hypertension Bradycardia Abnormal respiratory patterns Other signs of imminent herniation are lack of pupillary reaction and/or pupillary asymmetry. [cdemcurriculum.com]

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Wernicke Encephalopathy

Less frequently noted manifestations are: pupillary abnormalities such as sluggishly reactive pupils, ptosis, scotomata, and anisocoria. [emedicine.medscape.com]

abnormalities such as sluggishly reactive pupils, ptosis, scotomata, and anisocoria OTHER SYMPTOMS Vestibular dysfunction Hypotension. [rnpedia.com]

Double vision Eyelid drooping bilateral lateral rectus palsies conjugate gaze palsies reflecting cranial nerve involvement of the oculomotor, abducens, and vestibular nuclei pupillary [rnpedia.com]

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Brain Death

Other situations possibly requiring confirmatory testing include severe facial trauma where determination of brainstem reflexes will be difficult, pre-existing pupillary abnormalities [en.wikipedia.org]

Other variables that are correlated with a poor outcome include an advanced age, pupillary abnormalities, and a low score on a test of motor responses 47. [doi.org]

Abnormal pupillary activity in a brainstem-dead patient. Br J Anaesth 2001 ; 86 : 717 –720. de Freitas GR, Andre C. Absence of the Babinski sign in brain death. [neurology.org]

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Tonic Pupil

Abnormal pupillary shape The human pupil should be round. [patient.info]

This pupillary abnormality may result from ischaemia of the ciliary ganglia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pupillary abnormalities [ 1 ] Pupillary disorders may involve the afferent pathways (RAPD) or the efferent pathways. [patient.info]

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Oculomotor Nerve Paralysis

Therefore, while almost all forms ('medical third' and 'surgical third') cause ptosis and impaired movement of the eye, pupillary abnormalities are more commonly associated [en.wikipedia.org]

For more information, refer to page 1011 of the CONTINUUM article “Diagnostic Approach to Pupillary Abnormalities.” [neuro-ophthalmology.stanford.edu]

For more details about oculomotor nerve lesions and drugs affecting pupillary size, see the learning card pupillary abnormalities. [amboss.com]

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General Anesthesia

We report the successful management of general anesthesia for a patient with Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD). PMD is one of a group of progressive, degenerative disorders of the cerebral white matter. The typical clinical manifestations of PMD include psychomotor retardation, nystagmus, abnormal muscle tone,[…] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

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Iritis

Most of the small nodules were situated in the pupillary part of the iris resulting in dilatation and abnormal permeability of all the peripupillary vessels. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P R S T U V W X Abnormalities, Eye (Eye Abnormalities) Acanthamoeba Keratitis Achromatopsia (Color Vision Defects) Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitides [provisu.ch]

(Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic) Acute Retinal Necrosis (Retinal Necrosis Syndrome, Acute) Adie Syndrome Adie's Pupil (Tonic Pupil) Afferent Pupillary Defect (Pupil Disorders [provisu.ch]

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Syringomyelia

Syringomyelia is a rare disease of the spinal cord characterized by the presence of a fluid-filled cavity, with resulting neurologic defects. The symptoms of syringomyelia usually present slowly and may eventually lead to permanent disabilities. Signs and symptoms of significant syrinx formation are mostly observed in[…] [symptoma.com]

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Astrocytoma of the Brain

Astrocytoma brain is a tumor. Called glial astrocytoma brain tumor (glioma). Glioma develops from the astrocytes. They are one of the types of brain cells, regulating the amount of interstitial fluid and ensure the existence of neurons in the brain. These support cells have the ability to reproduce, but if this[…] [back.vsebolezni.com]

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Retinal Hemorrhage

A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P R S T U V W X Abnormalities, Eye (Eye Abnormalities) Acanthamoeba Keratitis Achromatopsia (Color Vision Defects) Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitides [provisu.ch]

(Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic) Acute Retinal Necrosis (Retinal Necrosis Syndrome, Acute) Adie Syndrome Adie's Pupil (Tonic Pupil) Afferent Pupillary Defect (Pupil Disorders [provisu.ch]

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