Rabies: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Rabies

Dog Bite

BACKGROUND: It is widely recognized that rabies is grossly under-reported even though it is a notifiable disease and a lack of accurate figures has rendered rabies a low public [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Only 71% of the victims were treated with Imogam Rabies brand of Rabies Immunoglobulin G. Sixty-three dog owners claimed that their dogs were vaccinated. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Rabies investigation 35.68. Rabies proclamation 35.69. Unmuzzled dogs not permitted at large Police Regulations (Ch. 340-348). Chapter 346. [animallaw.info]

Western Equine Encephalomyelitis

The vaccine : Three rabies vaccines are available for horses. [equusmagazine.com]

A82.9 Rabies, unspecified A83 Mosquito-borne viral encephalitis A83.0 Japanese encephalitis A83.1 Western equine encephalitis A83.2 Eastern equine encephalitis A83.3 St Louis [icd10data.com]

[…] palsy-parkinsonism syndrome Progressive supranuclear palsy-progressive non-fluent aphasia syndrome Progressive supranuclear palsy-pure akinesia with gait freezing syndrome Rabies [se-atlas.de]

Murray Valley Encephalitis Virus

These diseases range from polio and measles, to rabies, Varicella-zoster, Herpes, West Nile, Japanese encephalitis, and AIDS. [books.google.com]

[…] from the coastal health department of Kouilou (others are Bouenza, Pointe… 09 May 2019 A Norwegian woman, who had been travelling in SE Asia two months ago, has died of rabies [traveldoctor.com.au]

A large number of viruses have only occasional and minor ocular localizations ; among these are the viruses of psittacosis, dengue fever, foot and mouth disease, rabies, lymphocytic [jamanetwork.com]

Eastern Equine Encephalitis

Abstract An examination using the routine rabies direct fluorescent antibody test was performed on rabies or Eastern equine encephalitis positive mammalian brain tissue to [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Testing for this and other viruses was probably undertaken because of concerns about rabies. [wormsandgermsblog.com]

These include Venezuelan equine encephalitis, Western equine encephalitis, West Nile equine encephalitis, African horse sickness, rabies, tetanus and bacterial meningitis. [freshfromflorida.com]

California Encephalitis

A82.9 Rabies, unspecified A83 Mosquito-borne viral encephalitis A83.0 Japanese encephalitis A83.1 Western equine encephalitis A83.2 Eastern equine encephalitis A83.3 St Louis [icd10data.com]

Viral encephalitis may develop during or after infection with any of several viral illnesses including influenza, herpes simplex, measles, mumps, rubella, rabies, chickenpox [webmd.com]

Explain the methods for diagnosing encephalitis caused by herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus, West Nile virus, influenza, rabies, enterovirus, Bartonella henselae, and [pedsinreview.aappublications.org]

West Nile Encephalitis

If the animal presented rapidly progressive neurologic signs including recumbency, it should be submitted to ADDL requesting rabies and WNV testing. [addl.purdue.edu]

Rabies Vaccine and Immune Globulin There are two types of rabies vaccines: pre-exposure and post-exposure. [pennstatehershey.adam.com]

[…] glial cells o High viral antigenic load in some cases ( unlike horses ) o Differential diagnosis for viral lymphocytic encephalitis in sheep includes: bluetongue, SRLV, rabies [askjpc.org]

Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis

Home Back Tests information Rabies (Laboratory authorized by the European Union; Laboratory accepted by Japan) Tests for movement of animals (South Africa, Australia, India [ivami.com]

Cats Rabies virus, Coxiella burnetii, Bartonella henselae, T. gondii Dogs Rabies virus Horses Eastern equine encephalitis virus, Western equine encephalitis virus, Venezuelan [hopkinsguides.com]

Transduction of motor neurons and muscle fibers by intramuscular injection of HIV-1-based vectors pseudotyped with select rabies virus glycoproteins. [nature.com]

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Older formulations of rabies vaccine cultured in mammalian brain tissues have been found to have an increased risk of GBS, but newer formulations of rabies vaccine, derived [dx.doi.org]

Rabies vaccines have also been implicated. The discovery of antiganglioside antibodies in at least one third of patients seems to confirm this hypothesis. [symptoma.com]

[…] similar to GBS difficult to differentiate in the first 6 weeks after 6-8 weeks GBS should be improving whereas CIDP will demonstrate chronic inflammation 4 Lyme disease 7 rabies [radiopaedia.org]

St. Louis Encephalitis

A82.9 Rabies, unspecified A83 Mosquito-borne viral encephalitis A83.0 Japanese encephalitis A83.1 Western equine encephalitis A83.2 Eastern equine encephalitis A83.3 St Louis [icd10data.com]

This horse was free of other equine encephalitis pathogens, including the rabies virus, equine herpesvirus-1 and -4, West Nile virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus, Western [thehorse.com]

America during the long incubation period of the rabies virus but prior to the onset of clinically apparent disease. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Tetanus

‘Processed plasma is also used to help produce stronger antibodies against diseases like tetanus, hepatitis, chickenpox and rabies.’ [en.oxforddictionaries.com]

Hypocalcaemic tetany Epilepsy Chorea Meningitis Encephalitis Subarachnoid haemorrhage Strychnine poisoning Rabies Sepsis Drug withdrawal Table 2 Differential diagnosis of [ceaccp.oxfordjournals.org]

Tests may be used to rule out meningitis, rabies, strychnine poisoning, and other diseases with similar symptoms. [nlm.nih.gov]

Japanese Encephalitis

[…] pigs: Nipah virus Aujeszky’s disease Porcine brucellosis PRRS Classical swine fever Porcine parvovirus In horses: Equine encephalomyelitis (Western, Eastern and Venezuelan) Rabies [lrd.spc.int]

Worldwide, dog bites are responsible for most human cases of rabies. [travel.gc.ca]

[…] a small number of communicable diseases can be prevented through vaccination e. g. yelow fever, hepatitis A and B, meningococcal meningitis and meningococcemia, typhoid, rabies [worldcat.org]

Powassan Encephalitis

Rabies virus. [mayoclinic.org]

Rabies is a rare cause of encephalitis in the United States. Childhood infections. [mayoclinic.org]

Viral Disease

Based on rabies virus as our example, we use a model combining ecological and evolutionary processes to test whether variation in the rate of host movement results in predictive [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Other viruses that infect humans cause measles, mumps, smallpox, yellow fever, rabies, poliomyelitis, influenza, and the common cold. [infoplease.com]

Monongahela virus Muju virus N Neonatal infection Nipah virus infection O Orthohantavirus P Parvovirus B19 Pogosta disease Prospect Hill orthohantavirus Q Qalyub orthonairovirus R Rabies [en.wikipedia.org]

Zoonosis

We now have the knowledge and technology to control canine rabies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] courses of rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis or 4340 complete post-exposure treatments. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

(i) If AIDS were a zoonosis, there must be evidence of AIDS being directly acquired from an animal species, as is rabies, a disease that is directly acquired from animals. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Encephalitis

Management of rabies in humans. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;36:60-3. 3. Jackson AC. Human disease. In: Jackson AC, Wunner WH, editors. Rabies. [revistabiomedica.org]

[…] than viral infections Some types of encephalitis are spread by mosquitoes (such as Japanese encephalitis ), ticks (such as tick-borne encephalitis ) and mammals (such as rabies [nhs.uk]

Paralytic complications following intravenous rabies immune globulin treatment in a patient with furious rabies. Int J Infect Dis. 2003;7:76-7. 9. [revistabiomedica.org]

Bacterial Encephalitis

Followed by a prodrome period of nonspecific symptoms, then acute neurological syndrome (encephalitic rabies vs paralytic rabies), followed by coma and death. [errolozdalga.com]

Asia),T. brucei rhodesiense, T. brucei gambiense, rabies (Africa),rabies, Eastern equine encephalitis virus, Western equine encephalitis virus,Venezuelan equine encephalitis [infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com]

Vaccinate animals to prevent encephalitis caused by the rabies virus. Bloch KC, Glaser CA, Tunkel AR. Encephalitis and myelitis. In: Cohen J, Powderly WG, Opal SM, eds. [medlineplus.gov]

Postinfectious Encephalomyelitis

/18976924/ — Semple rabies vaccine: presence of myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein and its activity in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. [medscienceresearch.com]

Encephalomyelitis (ADEM), but newer formulations of rabies vaccine have not been shown to cause ADEM, and rabies vaccine is not routinely recommended to the general population [vaccinesafety.edu]

Followed by a prodrome period of nonspecific symptoms, then acute neurological syndrome (encephalitic rabies vs paralytic rabies), followed by coma and death. [errolozdalga.com]

Animal Bite

BACKGROUND: Rabies is invariably a fatal disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

PIP: Almost all cases of human rabies result from bites by rabid dogs. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] of rabies mortality. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cardiodysrhythmic Potassium-Sensitive Periodic Paralysis

Pt{\'a}cek and Rabi N Tawil and Peter J. Schwartz and Alfred L. George and Minoru Horie and Gregor Andelfinger and Gregory L. Snow and Ying-Hui Fu and Michael J. [semanticscholar.org]

The triad of features seen in this condition were first described in 1971 by Ellen Andersen, and significant contributions to its understanding were made by Rabi Tawil. [en.wikipedia.org]

Rabi Tawil, Louis J Ptacek, Steven G. Pavlakis, Darryl C. DeVivo, Audrey S. Penn, Coskun Öuzdemir and Robert C. [doi.org]

Encephalomyelitis

Among others, rabies and West Nile viruses often lead to encephalitis. [horseillustrated.com]

POST-VACCINATION ENCEPHALOMYELITIS The historically described disorders which occurred following rabies vaccination and after measles virus infection essentially represent [jnnp.bmj.com]

Post-vaccination encephalomyelitis continues to be seen after rabies vaccine containing neural tissue, such as the Semple preparation (extracted from rabbit brain and used [jnnp.bmj.com]

Post-Encephalitic Syndrome

[…] than viral infections Some types of encephalitis are spread by mosquitoes (such as Japanese encephalitis ), ticks (such as tick-borne encephalitis ) and mammals (such as rabies [nhs.uk]

PCR analysis of the CSF can be useful to diagnose several viral infections, including herpes simplex, Epstein-Barr, varicella-zoster, CMV, HIV, rabies and TB. [patient.info]

The prognosis of any particular case of encephalitis is uncertain, with a few exceptions where a fatal outcome is the rule (e.g., rabies virus). [clinicaladvisor.com]

Adult Krabbe Disease

Molodecky, N.A., Soon, S., Rabi, D.M., Ghali, W.A., Ferris, M., Chernoff, G., Benchimol, E.I., Panaccione, R., Ghosh, S. & Barkema, H.W. (2012). [content.sciendo.com]

Mycoplasma Encephalitis

Read more Rabies Rabies is a severe viral infection of the brain and spinal cord that is transmitted by infected animals. [encephalitis.info]

[…] than viral infections Some types of encephalitis are spread by mosquitoes (such as Japanese encephalitis ), ticks (such as tick-borne encephalitis ) and mammals (such as rabies [nhs.uk]

rabies. [aacc.org]

Viral Encephalitis

vomiting [1] Complications Seizures, trouble speaking, memory problems, problems hearing [1] Duration Weeks to months for recovery [1] Types Herpes simplex, West Nile, Rabies [en.wikipedia.org]

Adenovirus p. 70 Gastroenteritis--Rotaviruses p. 71 Hepatitis Viruses p. 72 Encephalitis Viruses Transmitted from Animals p. 81 Sporadic Arbovirus Infection p. 81 LCMV p. 82 Rabies [booktopia.com.au]

[…] nervous system • Petit mal seizures • Pachygyria • Petit mal epilepsy • Parkinson's disease dementia, familial • Primary Parkinsonism • Parkinson disease, genetic types R • Rabies [atozhealthtopics.blogspot.com]

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis

Furthermore, we analyzed the rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (RVNA) levels in the patient's blood at different time points after rabies vaccination. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Encephalomyelitis (ADEM), but newer formulations of rabies vaccine have not been shown to cause ADEM, and rabies vaccine is not routinely recommended to the general population [vaccinesafety.edu]

[…] derived rabies vaccine (PCERV). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy

Yvonne D Krom, Kirsten R Straasheijm, Rashmie D Debipersad, Gizem Özel, Janet Sowden, Lauren Snider, Karlien Mul, Sabrina Sacconi, Baziel van Engelen, Stephen J Tapscott, Rabi [doi.org]

Their medical history was the same, with the exception of an anti-rabies vaccination performed at the age of 5 in the more severely affected twin. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

& Silvère M van der Maarel European Journal of Human Genetics (2018) Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy: Update on Pathogenesis and Future Treatments Johanna Hamel & Rabi [doi.org]

Varicella Zoster Virus Encephalitis

Since 2003, US Department of Agriculture's Wildlife Services has instituted a multistate oral rabies vaccination (ORV) program using bait containing vaccinia rabies glycoprotein [pediatricneurologybriefs.com]

Rabies virus. [mayoclinic.org]

PCR analysis of the CSF can be useful to diagnose several viral infections, including herpes simplex, Epstein-Barr, varicella-zoster, CMV, HIV, rabies and TB. [patient.info]

Legionella Meningoencephalitis

Rabies Rabies is a disease of the nervous system caused by a virus. It usually results from an exposure to an animal with rabies. [southernnevadahealthdistrict.org]

Lyme Disease Malaria Measles Meningococcal Infections Mumps Murine Typhu s Norovirus Outbreak Investigations Pertussis Plague Pneumococcal Disease Poliomyelitis Psittacosis Rabies [ldh.la.gov]

PCR analysis of the CSF can be useful to diagnose several viral infections, including herpes simplex, Epstein-Barr, varicella-zoster, CMV, HIV, rabies and TB. [patient.info]

Cat Scratch Meningoencephalitis

Rabies occurs mostly in dogs (and also in bats) but there is no risk to the general public in the UK from rabies in dogs. [bbc.co.uk]

Furious rabies c. Polio d. [quizlet.com]

Q Fever, CDC R Rabies Rabies is a severe viral disease that affects the central nervous system. All warm-blooded mammals, including people, can get rabies. [doh.wa.gov]

Retinohepatoendocrinologic Syndrome

[…] immune globulin; rat insuloma gene RIGH rabies immune globulin, human - APÃNDICE I - 6 310 [studyres.es]

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Rabies Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome Radial defect Robin sequence Radial hypoplasia, triphalangeal thumbs and hypospadias [fact-index.com]

Ra Rab-Rai Rabies Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome Radial defect Robin sequence Radial hypoplasia, triphalangeal thumbs and hypospadias Radial ray agenesis Radial ray hypoplasia [ssf.f15ijp.com]