Retinal Pigmentation: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Retinal Pigmentation

Surgical Retinal pigment epithelium transplants are in the experimental phase[13]. Other emerging therapies include stem cell therapy, and retinal prostheses[14, 15]. [patient.info]

Surgical Retinal pigment epithelium transplants are in the experimental phase [ 13 ]. [patient.info]

Also known as English retinitis pigmentosa retinal degeneration characterized by the gradual deterioration of the photoreceptors or the retinal pigment epithelium of the [wikidata.org]

Retinal Perforation

The British journal of ophthalmology. (2001) [Pubmed] Phagocytic and digestive activities of retinal pigment epithelium at experimentally produced retinal tears. [wikigenes.org]

[…] epithelium; and subcellular “glue” components of the retinal pigment epithelium. [retina-specialist.com]

Retinal detachment is separation of the neurosensory retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium. [smartypance.com]

Retinal Pigmentary Dystrophy

Related Links Search PubMed for articles on Retinal Pigment Epithelial (RPE) Hypertrophy Search Google for information on Retinal Pigment Epithelial (RPE) Hypertrophy [eyecancer.com]

Presentation At the back of the eye lie cells from the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). [institut-vision.org]

Figure 2: OCT shows hyper-reflective, dome-shaped elevations within the retinal-pigment epithelium (RPE). [optometricmanagement.com]

Leber Congenital Amaurosis Type 16

They hypothesize that the mutated KCNJ13 gene may be associated with a potassium channel defect in the retinal pigment epithelium, which in turn may be a cause of LCA16. [pediatrics.wisc.edu]

Yang D, Zhang X, Hughes BA. (2008) Expression of inwardly rectifying potassium channel subunits in native human retinal pigment epithelium. Exp. [guidetopharmacology.org]

Pigment Epithelium (RPE). [iovs.arvojournals.org]

Kearns-Sayre Syndrome

Other features include: cardiac conduction defects 4 retinal pigmentation ptosis The disease is characterized by the ragged-red appearance of muscle fibers, and the presence [radiopaedia.org]

The triad of progressive external ophthalmoplegia, atypical retinal pigmentation and cardiac conduction defects characterizes Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS), which is most often [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS) is characterized by external ophthalmoplegia, retinal pigmentation and cardiac conduction defects due to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Ocular Toxoplasmosis

Human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells (ARPE-19) were infected in vitro with T. gondii and collected after 60, 120, 240 min, and 24 h. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The retina was thickened in 22 (91.7%) eyes, the retinal pigment epithelium-Bruch membrane reflective complex was focally increased or contained focal splits in 16 (66.7%) [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed left optic disc swelling, cysoid macular edema, and retinal pigment epithelial atrophy. [evrs.eu]

Cytomegalovirus Retinitis

[…] nuclear layer, and bridges of retinal tissue but retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillaris sparing. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

These findings suggested inflammation or scarring of the choroid and retinal pigment epithelial injury. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] the retinal pigment epithelium. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chloroquine Retinopathy

The major retinal findings are those of macular retinal pigment epithelial changes, narrowed retinal vessels, and scotomatous visual field defects. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chloroquine is deposited in the retinal pigment epithelium, which forms part of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chloroquine binds to melanin in the retinal pigment epithelium, causing cytotoxic effects, first around the fovea. [doi.org]

Retinopathy

Preservation of the ellipsoid zone, wave-guiding cones, and retinal sensitivity within hypoautofluorescent lesions suggest that these retinal pigment epithelium changes have [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

All the retinal cells (rods and cones) are provided with oxygen and other nutrients from the retinal pigment cells (epithelium), which are kept supplied by the rich network [retinaaustralia.com.au]

But in some people, there is a problem with these nerve cells or with the retinal pigment epithelium, which nourishes the retinal visual cells. [envisionus.com]

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type 2

Abnormal retinal pigmentation and papilloedema - leading to visual impairment. Type B - mild form This usually presents later and may not be noticed until adulthood. [patient.info]

pigmentation 0007703 Cardiomyopathy Disease of the heart muscle 0001638 Communicating hydrocephalus 0001334 Constrictive median neuropathy 0012185 Corneal opacity 0007957 [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

[…] mitral valve morphology 0001633 Abnormal nasal mucus secretion 0031416 Abnormal pulmonary valve morphology 0001641 Abnormal tricuspid valve morphology 0001702 Abnormality of retinal [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Usher Syndrome Type 1

pigment epithelial cells. [jamanetwork.com]

[…] pigmentosa (pigment deposits on fundoscopy and a flat or diminished electroretinogram). [orpha.net]

Other signs of retinitis pigmentosa in the top 2 images show attenuated vessels and pigment migration indicated by the white arrows. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Retinal Laser Treatment

[…] selectively targeted, hence the term selective retinal pigment epithelium laser therapy (SRT). [clinicaltrials.gov]

It is a very high-energy bright light that, when directed and focussed on to a retina, is absorbed by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). [retinadoctor.com.au]

pigment epithelium attributed to excessive laser settings. [journals.lww.com]

Thioridazine

Nevertheless, nine cases of retinal pigmentation following its use have been reported. 1-8 The clinical picture is distinctive and closely resembles that seen following the [jamanetwork.com]

Atrophy and disorganization of the photoreceptor outer segments appeared to be the initial degenerative event, followed by loss of the retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillaris [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Mucopolysaccharidosis

pigment epithelium. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Retinal degeneration GAG deposition within retinal pigment epithelial cells and in the photoreceptor matrix leads to progressive photoreceptor loss [13]. [ijponline.biomedcentral.com]

Defining this natural history is essential for a proper comparison with Hunter patients receiving systemic treatment, thus determining if it can or cannot improve retinal [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Vitamin E Deficiency

pigmentation 0007703 Abnormality of visual evoked potentials 0000649 Arrhythmia Abnormal heart rate Heart rhythm disorders Irregular heart beat Irregular heartbeat [ more [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

0001761 Scoliosis Abnormal curving of the spine 0002650 Sensory neuropathy Damage to nerves that sense feeling 0000763 5%-29% of people have these symptoms Abnormality of retinal [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

However, some fundus lesions in FAP resemble hamartomatous lesions of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The proband was a 32-year-old man with sparse type of familial adenomatous polyposis with fundic gland and duodenal polyps and congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

pigment, dental abnormalities, thyroid cancers, small bowel cancers, pancreatic cancers, stomach cancers, brain cancers, and hepatoblastomas. [stanfordhealthcare.org]

Peripheral Vasoproliferative Retinopathy

Congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium. (A) Heavily pigmented congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium. [tandfonline.com]

retinal pigment epithelium hyperplasia and retinal pigment epithelium atrophy. [meajo.org]

The most characteristic ophthalmoscopic findings are narrowing of the retinal arterioles, mottling of the retinal pigment epithelium, and peripheral retinal pigment clumping [oculist.net]

Photic Retinal Injury

[…] without the loss of retinal pigment epithelium cells. [horama.fr]

Surgical Retinal pigment epithelium transplants are in the experimental phase[13]. Other emerging therapies include stem cell therapy, and retinal prostheses[14, 15]. [patient.info]

[…] pigmentosa inherited disease characterized by night blindness, progressive atrophy, and retinal pigment changes retinoblastoma malignant tumor that originatesfrom a developing [quizlet.com]

Macular Degeneration

She presented with visual distortion in her right eye and was found to have a retinal pigment epithelial detachment (RPED) on optical coherence tomography (OCT). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Both eyes had sub-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) choroidal neovascularization adherent to the back surface of the RPE in the fibrovascular RPE detachment that showed increased [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

To evaluate hyperreflective linear structures (HLS), as assessed using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), identified under the retinal pigment epithelium [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Myopic Macular Degeneration

It is different from Retinal detachment which is separation of the whole neurosensory retinal layer from the underlying retinal pigment epithelial and choroid while in Foveal [webeyeclinic.com]

Typically, myopic CNV is located between the neurosensory retina and the retinal pigment epithelial layer.[13] The sensory retinal elevation associated with this CNV seems [medscape.com]

Progressive Choroidal and Retinal Pigment Epithelial atrophy. Atrophic area over the macular can severely affect central vision. [webeyeclinic.com]

Non-Syndromic Ocular Stickler Syndrome Type 1

Retinopathy of prematurity. © Anna Ells Retinopathy of prematurity. © Anna Ells Retinal detachment A retinal detachment occurs when the retina’s neurosensory layer and pigment [cehjournal.org]

The disease is slowly progressive and eventually results in atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors, severely impairing central vision. [atlasrleye.com]

• Retinal degeneration. • Abnormal acquired retinal pigmentation. [medtextfree.wordpress.com]

Gardner Syndrome

BACKGROUND: It has been recently documented that multiple bilateral pigmented lesions at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium may be an indicator of patients with familial [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Recently, multiple and bilateral patches of congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (CHRPE) have been described in three families with classical GS. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Clinical evaluation reveals supernumerary teeth, long-bone osteomas, and increased retinal pigmentation. [step2.medbullets.com]

pigment epithelium papillary thyroid carcinoma - usually cribriform morular variant 8 Typical symptoms and signs include rectal bleeding, diarrhea, abdominal pain, anemia [radiopaedia.org]

Fundic Gastric Polyps (FGP) : may have adenomatous features but usually do not progress to cancer Eyes : CHRPE (Congenital Hypertrophy of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium). [genetics4medics.com]

pigment epithelium (CHRPE) Laboratory testing APC mutations causing FAP vary from single-nucleotide changes to large chromosomal changes. [insight-group.org]

Choroid Hemangioma

Note secondary serous retinal detachment involving macula and fibrous metaplasia of overlying retinal pigment epithelium. [medtextfree.wordpress.com]

In about 20% of cases the tumor breaks through Bruch's membrane and the retinal pigment epithelium, growing into the retina in the form of a mushroom. [atlasrleye.com]

Right: blood filled, dilated, thin walled vessels Degeneration of retinal pigment epithelium and early cystoid edema of retina overlying vascular tumor Back to top [pathologyoutlines.com]

Retinal Detachment

Peripheral retinal pigment epithelium tear-associated retinal detachment can be seen in patients with pachychoroid spectrum disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Funduscopy showed horseshoe retinal tear at the 8-o'clock position and retinal detachment in inferior, nasal, and temporal quadrants, with a pigmented demarcation line in [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

pigment epithelium (RPE). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Purtscher's Retinopathy

[…] outer segments and the retinal pigment epithelium plus attenuation of the outer nuclear layer. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The most common chronic signs were optic disc pallor and atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

When seen 20 years later, the scotomata were unchanged and optical coherence tomography showed bilateral disorganization at the transition between the retinal photoreceptor [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Malignant Choroidal Melanoma

58-year-old female with pigmented retinal lesion and exudative retinal detachment July 8, 2014 Chief Complaint: Incidental pigmented lesion identified on dilated exam History [webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu]

Over time, choroidal nevi display features such as overlying drusen as well as retinal pigment epithelial atrophy, hyperplasia or fibrous metaplasia. [aao.org]

[…] melanosis; conjunctival stromal tumors, and more • Uveal Tumors o Malignant melanoma: thermotherapy; neural tumors, intraocular biopsy, and more • Tumors of the Retina and Retinal [books.google.de]

Retinal Edema

VEGF induces the rupture of the blood retinal barrier and may also influence the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) outer retinal barrier. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Retinal edema has its inception in disease that causes a breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in retinal capillaries and/or the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Dry AMD causes changes of the retinal pigment epithelium, typically visible as dark pinpoint areas. [merckmanuals.com]

Sympathetic Ophthalmia

SD-OCT revealed hyper-reflective lesions at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium with disruption of the inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A case of sympathetic ophthalmia is presented in which a single lesion located posteriorly at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium caused a serous macular detachment [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Neutrophil chemotactic factor (IL-8) gene expression by cytokine-treated retinal pigment epithelial cells. [nature.com]

Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy

Indocyanine green angiography showed atrophy of the choriocapillaris underlying areas of atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Areas of visible retinal pigment epithelium atrophy showed an irregular retinal pigment epithelial reflex, increased choroidal reflectivity, and retinal attenuation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Advanced cases of AZOOR demonstrated disruption of the inner and outer retina and severe damage or loss of the retinal pigment epithelium and the choroid. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]