Australian study ( Eur J Pain. 2013;17(7):957-71 ) that reviewed low back pain studies in twins found that obesity was an indicator (OR = 1.9) and that “both obesity and smoking
[mdedge.com]
Measures that were similar in the cluster groups were past history, smoking, handedness, nature of pain, duration of pain, intensity of pain, symptom magnification, and outcome
[cdc.gov]
Other conditions can factor in to the cause of low back pain such as poor conditioning, improper use, obesity, and smoking.
[aanem.org]