Splenomegaly: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Splenomegaly

Infectious Mononucleosis

Clinical estimates of splenomegaly are fallible. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In adolescent and adult patients presenting with sore throat, the presence of posterior cervical, inguinal or axillary adenopathy, palatine petechiae, splenomegaly, or atypical [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Conclusions and Relevance In adolescent and adult patients presenting with sore throat, the presence of posterior cervical, inguinal or axillary adenopathy, palatine petechiae, splenomegaly [doi.org]

Hemolytic Anemia

It results in hemolytic anemia and splenomegaly. [icd9data.com]

[…] suffer from a mild hemolytic anemia (Hb levels ranging from 10 to 12.7g/mL) associated with macrocytosis, reticulocytosis, hyperbilirubinemia, hyperferritinemia and slight splenomegaly [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] hemolytic anemia, which is most often revealed by an unusual weakness and fatigue with tachycardia and exertional dyspnea, and also in some cases by jaundice, dark urine and/or splenomegaly [orpha.net]

Liver Cirrhosis

We performed LS in 83 patients with massive splenomegaly (≥30 cm) secondary to portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Esophageal varices and splenomegaly regressed after 3 and 8 years of sustained virologic responses in cases 1 and 2, respectively. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Portal Cirrhosis

Liver cirrhosis: Liver cirrhosis with an inhomogeneous liver with irregular contour and ascites and splenomegaly Liver cirrhosis: Liver cirrhosis with an irregular liver contour [ultrasoundcases.info]

Splenomegaly is often used radiologically as an indicator of cirrhosis. [clinicaltrials.gov]

Albumin is low in ac. variceal hge USG: large collateral veins, portal cavernoma, splenomegaly. Doppler for direction, velocity and waveform characteristics of PV flow. [slideshare.net]

Hereditary Spherocytosis

Due to the membrane defect, there is increased fragility, hemolytic anemia, marked splenomegaly and hyperbilirubinemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

On admission, he had a low-grade fever and was grossly anaemic; examination revealed splenomegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

CONCLUSION: Anemia, hepato-splenomegaly and jaundice are commonest clinical features of hereditary spherocytosis. Post-splenectomy sepsis is uncommon. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Leukoerythroblastic Anemia

Symptoms and Signs Myeloid metaplasia may result in splenomegaly, particularly in patients with storage diseases. [merckmanuals.com]

Splenomegaly may develop. [msdmanuals.com]

Splenomegaly may develop. Characteristic changes in peripheral blood include anisocytosis, poikilocytosis, and excessive numbers of RBC and WBC precursors. [merckmanuals.com]

Myeloproliferative Disease

CML: demonstrates increased production of neutrophils and marked splenomegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Slow onset with presentation related to splenomegaly or anemia. [quizlet.com]

Both patients were suffering from thrombocytopenia and splenomegaly and underwent splenectomy. The weight of the spleen specimens was more than 2000 g. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Splenic Metastasis

Although most patients with splenic metastases are clinically asymptomatic for splenic lesions, there have been reports of painful splenomegaly, splenic vein thrombosis, and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Because of marked splenomegaly and findings of hypersplenism, the spleen was also resected. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Splenectomy is an appropriate treatment to avoid splenic rupture, splenic vein thrombosis and painful splenomegaly, to circumvent the splenic metastasis being a source of [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Primary Myelofibrosis

Splenomegaly may result in left upper quadrant discomfort. [patient.info]

We report a patient with very advanced myelofibrosis and huge splenomegaly who showed a complete hematological response to low dose thalidomide with reversal of splenomegaly [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Other patients have symptoms of anemia, splenomegaly, or, in later stages, general malaise, weight loss, fever, or splenic infarction. [merck.com]

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Patients may sometimes present with hepatomegaly, splenomegaly or both and/or hemolytic anemia. [radiopaedia.org]

Patients may sometimes present with hepatomegaly, splenomegaly or both and/or a hemolytic anemia. [radiopaedia.org]

In the physical examination, generalized lymphadenopathy and hepato- and/or splenomegaly may be noted. [symptoma.com]

Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis

RESULTS: Sixteen patients had morphologic abnormalities in the liver, 15 had splenomegaly (three underwent splenectomy for portal hypertension), and 14 had varices or spontaneous [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 25-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with splenomegaly and hepatic cirrhosis of a 3-month duration and fever accompanied by abdominal pain for 3 days. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Splenomegaly started early in life; 60% of children younger than 5 years had enlarged spleens. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Splenic Vein Thrombosis

Seven of 9 patients (78 %) with massive splenomegaly (>20 cm) developed PSVT compared with 4 of 13 patients (31 %) with moderate splenomegaly (15-20 cm) and 6 of 45 patients [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

SVT should be considered in patients who present with splenomegaly, but no signs of hepatic, hematologic or portal pathology. [symptoma.com]

Abstract Isolated splenic vein thrombosis may lead to a specific clinical presentation, namely, bleeding from isolated gastric varices (which are difficult to diagnose), splenomegaly [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Splenic Rupture

CONCLUSION: This is the second case of spontaneous splenic rupture without preceding splenomegaly in a patient with APL during induction chemotherapy described so far. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Splenomegaly Splenomegaly has traditionally been diagnosed by the physical exam finding of having a palpable spleen but in one study 16% of patients with such were found to [omicsonline.org]

When splenic rupture is indicated by abdominal pain, tachycardia, or hypotension in a patient with splenomegaly, abdominal examination should be performed immediately, and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Splenic Subcapsular Hematoma

Splenomegaly Splenomegaly has traditionally been diagnosed by the physical exam finding of having a palpable spleen but in one study 16% of patients with such were found to [omicsonline.org]

Diseases Causing Splenomegaly Separated Into 3 Categories Mild Splenomegaly (Organ Weight Moderate Splenomegaly (Organ Weight 500–800 g) Severe Splenomegaly (Organ Weight [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

What is the most common cause of congestive Splenomegaly in adults? [quizlet.com]

Thalassemia

KEYWORDS: Anemia; genotype-phenotype; hemolysis; relationship; splenomegaly; β-thalassemia intermedia (β-TI) [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Enlarged spleen (splenomegaly). The spleen helps your body fight infection and filter unwanted material, such as old or damaged blood cells. [web.archive.org]

Patients with Hb H disease often have symptomatic hemolytic anemia and splenomegaly. [msdmanuals.com]

Splenic Hematoma

Especially in cases with splenomegaly, the laparoscopic approach results in a shorter hospital stay and faster recovery of the patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Although filgrastim-induced splenomegaly, splenic hematomas, and splenic rupture are rare, clinicians working in the bone marrow transplant setting should be cognizant of [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The boy’s medical history included splenomegaly due to thalassemia. [e-ultrasonography.org]

Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Splenomegaly of more than 10 cm, basophilia and leukocytosis were associated with a shorter median survival but was not statistically significant. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] diagnosed in the chronic phase and may be either asymptomatic (diagnosed through a routine white blood cell count) or present with fatigue, anaemia, weight loss, night sweats or splenomegaly [orpha.net]

Splenomegaly which may be massive ± spleen pain. Hepatomegaly. [askhematologist.com]

Gaucher Disease

CONCLUSION: HALS for GD patients with refractory hypersplenism and massive splenomegaly is safe and feasible in experienced hands. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Massive Splenomegaly CONCLUSION: HALS for GD patients with refractory hypersplenism and massive splenomegaly is safe and feasible in experienced hands. [symptoma.com]

In symptomatic patients, splenomegaly is progressive and can become massive. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Congenital Bile Acid Synthesis Defect Type 2

Clinical features include failure to thrive, jaundice, steatorrhea, hepatomegaly, cirrhosis, rickets and splenomegaly. [preventiongenetics.com]

Other signs and symptoms may include splenomegaly and inability to absorb certain fat - soluble vitamins, vitamin D, in particular, which can lead to rickets in some individuals [ivami.com]

The spleen may also become enlarged (splenomegaly). [malacards.org]

Juvenile Seronegative Polyarthritis

Individuals with systemic arthritis may also have a skin rash or enlargement of the lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy), liver (hepatomegaly), or spleen (splenomegaly).Oligoarticular [icdlist.com]

High daily Relapsing Fever >39 degrees persists over 2 weeks (most distinguishes this type from others) Polyarticular involvement with >4 joints involved Hepatomegaly and Splenomegaly [fpnotebook.com]

Abdominal examination - may reveal evidence of hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly. Examine other systems as indicated by the history and clinical hypotheses. [patient.info]

Hepatosplenic Lymphoma

Splenectomy was performed due to progressive splenomegaly. [adc.bmj.com]

It occurs mainly in young adults presenting with splenomegaly and most often with hepatomegaly but without lymphadenopathy. [bloodjournal.org]

Most patients had massive splenomegaly, and bone marrow showed sinusoidal involvement by lymphoma. [mdanderson.elsevierpure.com]

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

Examination demonstrated scleral icterus, splenomegaly, and anemia. By peripheral blood smear, the patient was diagnosed with Plasmodium ovale. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

She was found to have splenomegaly, generalized lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, and acute hepatic failure. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The diagnosis of HLH after SOT is especially difficult, as several of the diagnostic criteria, including fever, splenomegaly, and cytopenias, are nonspecific and can be seen [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Three of 4 TKI-treated patients did not reach complete hematologic response due to the persistence of thrombocytosis and/or splenomegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

One month later, he presented with progressive leukocytosis (mostly neutrophilia) and splenomegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients usually present with fatigue, weight loss, anemia, night sweats, and splenomegaly. [icd9data.com]

Castleman Disease

Facing a patient with fever, peripheral lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and the biochemical and immunological picture depicted above, the physician may find it difficult to [symptoma.com]

The disease is characterized by fever, weight loss, anemia, polyclonal hyperglobulinemia, splenomegaly, thrombocytosis and peripheral lymphadenopathy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Adult-Onset Still Disease

[…] clinically by high spiking fever, polyarthralgia/arthritis, a salmon-pink evanescent rash, predominantly neutrophilic leucocytosis, lymphadenopathy, liver dysfunction, and splenomegaly [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The proposed criteria consisted of fever, arthralgia, typical rash, and leukocytosis as major, and sore throat, lymphadenopathy and/or splenomegaly, liver dysfunction, and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] rash distributed along trunks and extremities worsened during fevers leukocytosis with at least 80% granulocytes Minor criteria: sore throat lymphadenopathy hepatomegaly or splenomegaly [utswim.wordpress.com]

Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and sore throat are also common. [slideshare.net]

(Y) 5 (83) 5 (71) 7 (39) Hepatomegaly OR splenomegaly (I) 5 (83) 6 (86) 10 (56) Only splenomegaly (N) 2 (33) 3 (43) 1 (6) Splenomegaly AND Hepatomegaly (N) 3 (50) 2 (29) [ped-rheum.biomedcentral.com]

Minor criteria may include sore throat, lymphadenopathy, negative rheumatoid factor, abnormal liver function tests, hepatomegaly or splenomegaly. [press.mu-varna.bg]

Spleen Disease

Because of its role in the immune system, infections can affect the spleen, causing splenomegaly, or an enlarged spleen. Viral illnesses can cause splenomegaly. [livestrong.com]

But, the underlying conditions that lead to splenomegaly will cause the splenomegaly symptoms. [gleneaglesglobalhospitals.com]

splenomegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Beta Thalassaemia Major

[…] resulting from the homozygous state of one of the thalassemia genes or one of the hemoglobin Lepore genes with onset, in infancy or childhood, of pallor, icterus, weakness, splenomegaly [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Splenomegaly, episodes of jaundice and roentgenologic evidence of bone involvement were prominent features. [jamanetwork.com]

Splenomegaly may cause abdominal enlargement or swelling. [rarediseases.org]

Chronic Phase of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Important diagnostic features are severe leukocytosis (up to > 500,000/μl ), basophilia, and extreme splenomegaly. [amboss.com]

Those complaints are generally associated with anemia and splenomegaly. [symptoma.com]

With disease progression, splenomegaly may increase, and pallor and bleeding occur. [merckmanuals.com]

Persistent Polyclonal B-cell Lymphocytosis

Significant symptomatic splenomegaly requiring splenectomy is very unusual for this disorder; therefore there is a lack of descriptions of the morphologic features of the [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Five cases of persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (PPBL) with progressive splenomegaly are reported; three were splenectomized. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] negative lymphocytosis, the presence of binucleated lymphocytes in peripheral blood, and a polyclonal increase in serum immunoglobulin-M that may occasionally be accompanied by splenomegaly [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]