Stillbirth: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Stillbirth

Listeriosis

Listeriosis is implicated in stillbirth, preterm labor, newborn sepsis, and meningitis, among other complications. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In pregnant women, it can be serious for the unborn child, causing premature birth, stillbirth or infection in the newborn. [bccdc.ca]

LISTERIOSIS ( Listeria monocytogenes ) Clinical Criteria Any person with at least one of the following three: – Listeriosis of newborns defined as Stillbirth OR At least one [szu.cz]

Erythema Infectiosum

The infection can also be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy, rarely resulting in stillbirth or severe anemia and excess fluid and swelling (edema) in the fetus [msdmanuals.com]

Group B Streptococcal Infection

There were a further 27 deaths from infection without a confirmed microbiological diagnosis, and 17 stillbirths from confirmed group B streptococcal infection. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Although generally harmless to pregnant women it is recognised that GBS can occasionally late miscarriage, preterm birth, and stillbirth. [strepelle.com]

The bacterium also can infect children, older adults, pregnant and postpartum women, and may result in stillbirth and preterm labor. 1,6,9,10 Maternal colonization is the [journals.lww.com]

Anencephaly

Anencephaly is invariably associated with death as a stillbirth, a neonatal death, or occasionally a post-neonatal death. [sharecare.com]

More female newborns have anencephaly than males, possibly because of a higher rate of spontaneous abortions or stillbirths among male fetuses. What causes anencephaly? [my.clevelandclinic.org]

Meckel Syndrome

Of the 12 cases followed up antenatally, 7 were stillbirths while 5 were live births. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The prenatal findings in one stillbirth were typical for MKS: polydactyly, enlarged cystic kidneys, and occipital encephalocele. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

The parents are first degree relatives with no family history of similar condition and no history of miscarriage or stillbirth. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

A case of a stillbirth with lethal type II osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) was reported. The fetus had skull fractures and craniocerebral injuries during pregnancy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In type II OI, the most severe form of the disease, stillbirth is common, or fractures are evident at birth; severe crippling often occurs, and survival to adulthood is uncommon [britannica.com]

Achondrogenesis, Type 1A

[…] form of chondrodysplasia characterized by deficient ossification in the lumbar vertebrae and absent ossification in the sacral, pubic and ischial bones and clinically by stillbirth [malacards.org]

[…] type 1B and Acho","Stillbirth\n","Breech birth\n","Hydrops\n","Death - within hours of birth due to underdeveloped lungs\n\nSee also the symptoms of Achondrogenesis type [webhealthnetwork.com]

[…] chondrodystrophy characterized radiographically by deficient ossification in the lumbar vertebrae and absent ossification in the sacral, pubic and ischial bones and clinically by stillbirth [malacards.org]

Atelosteogenesis

Polyhydramnios ; Premature birth ; Proptosis ; Radial bowing ; Rhizomelia ; Short femur ; Short humerus ; Short metacarpal ; Short metatarsal ; Short neck ; Short nose ; Sporadic ; Stillbirth [mousephenotype.org]

[…] retrusion ; Platyspondyly ; Pulmonary hypoplasia ; Respiratory insufficiency ; Sandal gap ; Scoliosis ; Short middle phalanx of finger ; Short neck ; Short sacroiliac notch ; Stillbirth [mousephenotype.org]

[…] curving of the spine 0002650 Short middle phalanx of finger Short middle bone of finger 0005819 Short neck Decreased length of neck 0000470 Short sacroiliac notch 0003185 Stillbirth [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Infantile Restrictive Dermopathy

Rare minimally affected individuals may remain unrecognized Genetics • X-linked dominant deletion in Xp11.23P, X-linked PORCN • History of miscarriages of male fetuses and stillbirths [clinicalgate.com]

[…] poorly treated gestational diabetes are at increased risk of being too large, having low blood sugar after birth, and jaundice. [2] If untreated, it can also result in a stillbirth [en.wikipedia.org]

Women who use insulin, with a history of stillbirth, or with hypertension are managed like women with overt diabetes. [18] Lifestyle [ edit ] Counselling before pregnancy [en.wikipedia.org]

Spontaneous Abortion

Common Name Stillbirth Medical or Scientific Names Stillbirth Fetal death Fetal demise BACK TO TOP [nichd.nih.gov]

Although the risk of stillbirth was not significantly increased, this outcome should be investigated further. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Common Name Stillbirth Medical or Scientific Names Stillbirth Fetal death Fetal demise Last Reviewed: 09/23/2014 [web.archive.org]

Abruptio Placentae

Stillbirth was defined as a fetus weighing≥500 gm showing no sign of life after birth. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Stillbirth (group 1) occurred in eight of 50 cases of abruptio placentae (16%). Adverse outcome was seen in 11 survivors (11 of 42; 26.2%). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] in stillbirth. [canada.ca]

Cholestasis

ICP is associated with higher rates of intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) also known as stillbirth. [liverfoundation.org]

Stillbirth Still birth tends to occur in the last few weeks of pregnancy. The reason this occurs is not completely understood. [liverfoundation.org]

There have been reports of maternal hemorrhage as well as stillbirth in utero and postpartum due to ICP induced Vitamin K Deficiency. [liverfoundation.org]

Preeclampsia

smoking reduced the risk of all categories of preeclampsia except for preeclampsia with an SGA infant or stillbirth. [ahajournals.org]

[…] settings, reduced circulating maternal free placental growth factor (PlGF) aids in either predicting or confirming the diagnosis of preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, stillbirth [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

RESULTS: The occurrence rates of immune disease and stillbirth, hospitalization time and the levels of serum albumin (ALB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Diabetes in Pregnancy

Hyperglycaemia can cause placental failure and stillbirth and for this reason early delivery is recommended. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Infants of mothers with diabetes have increased rates of congenital anomalies, premature delivery, macrosomia, stillbirth and NICU admissions. [clinicaltrials.gov]

In the fetus, morbidities arising from exposure to diabetes in utero include not only increased congenital anomalies, fetal overgrowth, and stillbirth, but metabolic abnormalities [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Placental Insufficiency

[…] therapy (HAART) influences the etiology of stillbirths. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Stillbirths are on the rise in Canada. In 2005, the number of stillbirths reached 2,209, an increase of 6.9 per cent from 2004, according to Statistics Canada. [theglobeandmail.com]

[…] to stillbirth, including congenital anomalies and macrosomia. [doi.org]

Syphilis

Stillbirth was identified if women had any International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision codes related to a stillbirth outcome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Congenital syphilis is a major cause of stillbirth, childhood morbidity, and mortality worldwide[1]. Syphilis is classified as acquired or congenital. [patient.info]

Congenital syphilis is a major cause of stillbirth, childhood morbidity, and mortality worldwide [ 1 ]. Syphilis is classified as acquired or congenital. [patient.info]

Gestational Diabetes

Spontaneous pregnancies in women with TS are quite rare and pregnancy outcomes involving an increased risk of miscarriage and stillbirths are observed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] independent risk factor for premature birth (odds ratio [OR] = 1.460, P < 0.001), neonatal care unit admission (OR = 1.284, P < 0.001), RDS (OR = 1.322, P = 0.001), and stillbirth [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Type 1 or type 2 diabetes diagnosed before pregnancy (preexisting diabetes) increases infants' risk for congenital anomalies, stillbirth, and being large for gestational age [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Placental Disorder

stillbirth. [journals.plos.org]

Recurrent stillbirths: a matched case-control study of unexplained stillbirths at term. [journals.plos.org]

were eligible for analyses of preeclampsia and stillbirth. [ehjournal.biomedcentral.com]

Maternal Diabetes Syndrome

Prediabetes: history of large babies more than 4 kg or unexplained stillbirths after 28 weeks. Any age of onset or duration. [utmb.edu]

Newborns of mothers with PGDM were at increased risk of having low APGAR scores at birth, being preterm or born as stillbirth. [omicsonline.org]

Women who have had a previous unexplained stillbirth. Women who have had a previous baby with very high birth weight (4.5 kg or more). [patient.info]

Placentitis

In addition to abortion, stillbirth and pre-term birth, the mare may produce small weak foals, small normal and normal foals. [myeventflo.com]

The clinical ramifications of nocardioform placentitis range from late gestation abortions, stillbirths, prematurity and the birth of live but non-viable foals, to foals that [eqmedical.com]

Keywords Abortion; Amycolatopsis; Antibiogram; Chronic Placentitis; Equine; Nocardioform; Placental Insufficiency; Stillbirth; Uterine Body Metrics Total abstract views: 1439 [jsava.co.za]

Multiple Pregnancy

For stillbirths, the rates were even lower than in singletons in gestational age categories of less than 32 weeks. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The overall stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates in twins were 18.0/1,000 births and 23.0/1,000 live births respectively. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] of stillbirth. [bmjopen.bmj.com]

Placental Infarction

A further eight third trimester stillbirth cases with both IUGR and placental infarction were ascertained prospectively. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

He looked at us in a very weird manner, like “if I become your doctor” to which I said, I am 35 now, have a third trimester stillbirth on record and you are telling me I have [bornsleepingandheartsstillbeating.wordpress.com]

[…] was administered to 15 pregnant women whose prior pregnancies had been complicated by extensive placental infarctions, intrauterine growth retardation of the fetus, and/or stillbirths [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Intrahepatic Cholestasis

Given the increased risk of stillbirth in the setting of ICP, delivery may be considered at 37 weeks' gestation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

ICP is associated with higher rates of intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) also known as stillbirth. [liverfoundation.org]

Fetal risks of ICP include increased risk of preterm birth, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, respiratory distress syndrome, or stillbirth. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cholestasis of Pregnancy

ICP is associated with higher rates of intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) also known as stillbirth. [liverfoundation.org]

It also appeared to have one further devastating corollary – stillbirth. [rcm.org.uk]

This is done because it is thought that it may help prevent the possibility of stillbirth. [britishlivertrust.org.uk]

Extreme Fetal Immaturity

stillbirth. [journals.plos.org]

Late Preterm and Early Term Births: Epidemiology and Trends; Stillbirth Reduction Efforts and Impact on Early Births; Management of Indicated Early Term and Late Preterm Births [books.google.com]

Stillbirth is more likely in pregnant women with diabetes. [chop.edu]

Barth Syndrome

Details are presented on six kindreds (32%) with genetically and biochemically proven BTHS that demonstrate a wider phenotype including male fetal loss, stillbirth and severe [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There is increasing evidence that Barth syndrome is a significant cause of miscarriages and stillbirth. [rcm.org.uk]

Tsai-Goodman B, Quarrell OW, Kulik W, Wanders R, Pennock M, Williams M, Cresswell JL, Gonzalez IL, Brennan P Title Barth syndrome: an X-linked cause of fetal cardiomyopathy and stillbirth [genome.jp]

Impetigo Herpetiformis

Clinically it is characterized by erythematous plaques surrounded by sterile pustules associated with fever, diarrhea, sweating and increasing risk of stillbirth for placental [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There is an increased risk of fetal anomalies and stillbirths. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

According to the published work, IH during pregnancy is associated with the risk of stillbirth, and obstetric management in such cases is very important. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

TORCH Syndrome

Effects of the infections include spontaneous abortions, intrauterine fetal death, fetal growth restriction, congenital fetal anomalies, premature deliveries, and stillbirths [symptoma.com]

The specific infection may cause additional symptoms.[1] TORCH syndrome may develop before birth, causing stillbirth, in the neonatal period, or later in life.[3] Pathophysiology [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] and perinatal mortality + Stillbirth + Perinatal mortality + Neonatal pathology nonrelated to prematurity, birth asphyxia or infection + Congenital anomalies in liveborn [atlases.muni.cz]

Antepartum Syphilis

GS and stillbirth. [scielosp.org]

BACKGROUND: Globally syphilis is an important yet preventable cause of stillbirth, neonatal mortality and morbidity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Selected definitions of stillbirth Two meta-analyses were conducted based on the study's definition of stillbirth. [scielosp.org]

Placenta Membranacea

antepartum hemorrhage (APH), imperfect separation of placenta causing postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), chorioamnionitis, fetal growth restriction (FGR), preterm birth even stillbirth [medicoapps.org]

Perinatal outcome may include stillbirth, preterm delivery, or neonatal death. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

PMID: 16105789 Relation of placental diagnosis in stillbirth to fetal maceration and gestational age at delivery. Stanek J, Biesiada J. Stanek J, et al. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]