Strabismus: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Strabismus

Learn more about eye muscle surgery for exotropia and other types of strabismus. What is Strabismus? [strabismus.org]

Exophoria and Exotropia and Strabismus. [pprune.org]

Strabismus by Donald J. [children-special-needs.org]

Benign Abducens Nerve Palsy

Three children required strabismus surgery. [nature.com]

Augmented Hummelsheim procedure for paralytic strabismus. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2000;37(4):189–95. quiz 226–187. PubMed Google Scholar 36. [link.springer.com]

In cases of subsequent acquired strabismus, with a constant angle of deviation, strabismus surgery may be required. References 1. [nature.com]

Oculomotor Nerve Paralysis

Surgical management of strabismus: An atlas of strabismus surgery. 4 th ed. St Louis: Mosby;1993:502-508. 2. [jovr.org]

Ocular Manifestations: Paralytic Strabismus. In: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology, Ch 6.10. London: Mosby; 1999:6.10.1-4. [www2.medicine.mcgill.ca]

[…] due to nerve palsy ( H49.0 - H49.2 ) Strabismus (congenital) (nonparalytic) H50.9 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code H50.9 Unspecified strabismus 2016 2017 2018 2019 Billable/Specific [icd10data.com]

Vertical Heterotropia

Velez FG, Chang MY, Pineles SL Botulinum toxin for the treatment of strabismus. [medicbind.com]

J Am Assoc Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1997; 1:134-137. ‏ [books.google.com]

Strabismus (squint) Strabismus, or squint, is any misalignment of the eyes. [patient.info]

Exophoria

J Am Assoc Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1997; 1:134-137. ‎ [books.google.ro]

[…] latent ( L EY1 T AH0 N T ) divergent ( D AY0 V ER1 JH AH0 N T, D IH0 V ER1 JH AH0 N T ) - strabismus ตาเหล่ [Lex2] (สทระบิส\'มัส) n. [dict.longdo.com]

Strabismus is defined as a misalignment of the eyes. Strabismus also called as squint. Orthophoria – Implies as perfect ocular alignment without efforts. [squintmaster.com]

Esophoria

ICD-10-CM Codes › H00-H59 Diseases of the eye and adnexa › H49-H52 Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction › H50- Other strabismus › [icd10data.com]

(congenital) (nonparalytic) H50.9 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code H50.9 Unspecified strabismus 2016 2017 2018 2019 Billable/Specific Code heterophoria H50.50 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis [icd10data.com]

Noncomitant Strabismus

[…] apparent strabismus 외관적사시 cicatrical strabismus 흉터사시 comitant strabismus (⇒concomitant strabismus) 일치사시, 공동사시 concomitant strabismus 일치사시, 공동사시 constant strabismus 불변사시, [kmle.co.kr]

Children do not outgrow strabismus. In an older child, a tendency to tilt the head when reading, or to close or rub one eye, may indicate strabismus. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Phoria, Heterophoria, HETEROTROPIA, SQUINT, STRABISMUS, Disord binoc eye movem, Heterophoria, unspecified, Heterotropia, unspecified, Strabismus NOS, Strabismus, unspecified [fpnotebook.com]

Trochlear Nerve Paralysis

[…] step test, because acquired vertical strabismus is often the result of the dysfunction of more than one muscle. [aao.org]

ICD-10-CM Codes › H00-H59 Diseases of the eye and adnexa › H49-H52 Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction › H49- Paralytic strabismus [icd10data.com]

2018 (effective 10/1/2017) : No change 2019 (effective 10/1/2018) : No change ICD-10-CM Codes Adjacent To H49.12 H47.9 Unspecified disorder of visual pathways H49 Paralytic strabismus [icd10data.com]

Retinoblastoma

Some children with retinoblastoma present with strabismus (lazy eye). All children with strabismus should be evaluated through a dilated eye exam for retinoblastoma. [aapos.org]

The most common signs and symptoms are leukokoria and strabismus and sometimes, red eye, glaucoma and orbital cellulitis. [symptoma.com]

For the differential diagnosis of strabismus in childhood see ocular motility disorders and strabismus. Strabismus is normal until three months after birth! [amboss.com]

Moebius Syndrome

Even though many reports have described the various features of Möbius syndrome, only a few articles have reported the results of strabismus surgery in children, including [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There are few published studies in the literature on strabismus surgery in Möbius syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Clinical History A 14-year-old female presented permanent convergent strabismus and absence of facial mimic in the neurological evaluation. [eurorad.org]

Congenital Exophthalmos

Research of Exophthalmos Congenital has been linked to Exophthalmos, Orbital Neoplasms, Neoplasms, Teratoma, Strabismus. [novusbio.com]

Strabismus — Any deviation of the eyes from a common direction. Commonly called a turned eye. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Strabismus occurs when one or both eyes look off in different directions, often referred to as crossed eyes. [pets.thenest.com]

Orbital Cellulitis

Orbital cellulitis is a rare complication of strabismus surgery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

To our knowledge, this is the first case of orbital cellulitis and intraconal abscess after strabismus surgery in an adult. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Journal of Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 26: 21–26. Google Scholar 18. [springerlink.com]

Septo-Optic Dysplasia

Symptoms of septo-optic dysplasia may include decreased visual acuity in one or both eyes, nystagmus, strabismus, and endocrine dysfunction (including growth hormone deficiency [msdmanuals.com]

[…] from normal vision to complete loss of light perception Visual Field Defects Most commonly in nasal or inferior visual fields Can occur even without loss of visual acuity Strabismus [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

SOD may manifest as strabismus, nystagmus, decreased visual acuity, or visual impairment; as an endocrine dysfunction in isolation; or in addition to mental retardation, cerebral [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Diabetic Ophthalmoplegia

Keywords diabetic ophthalmoplegia;strabismus;acupuncture;Jok-Gwoleum-Gan-Gyeong [koreascience.or.kr]

With the help of 2500 images and illustrations, this book covers topics such as glaucoma, ocular oncology, nystagmus, refractive surgery, strabismus and lasers in ophthalmology [books.google.it]

[…] nystagmus and other irregular eye movements (H55) Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction H49 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code H49 Paralytic strabismus [icd10data.com]

Exophthalmos

Endocrine orbitopathy (EO) can have important consequences, such as exophthalmos and restrictive strabismus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

PURPOSE: Bilateral convergent strabismus with exophthalmos (BCSE) is a widespread inherited eye defect in several cattle populations. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Strabismus — Any deviation of the eyes from a common direction. Commonly called a turned eye. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Albinism

It is commonly accepted that albino patients with strabismus rarely achieve binocularity and depth perception after strabismus surgery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Strabismus: misalignment of the eyes. Photophobia: sensitivity to bright light and glare. [aapos.org]

Nystagmus, photophobia, astigmatism, strabismus, or extreme farsightedness or nearsightedness can be seen. [symptoma.com]

Ophthalmoplegia

In all cases, a rectus muscle snapped under minimal tension while held on a strabismus hook during strabismus surgery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Strabismus Strabismus (eye condition Strabismus (eye condition) Strabismus, A pattern deviation Strabismus, V pattern deviation Strabismus, X pattern deviation V-pattern [icd9data.com]

The eyeball movement distance, size of fissure palpebrae, and the reduced degree of strabismus will be assessed as the primary outcomes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Parinaud Syndrome

Moguel-Ancheita S, Ruiz-Morfín I, Pedraza-Jacob M (2006) Strabismus-associated Parinaud syndrome. Cir Cir 74:147–151 PubMed Google Scholar 11. [link.springer.com]

H50.8 Other specified strabismus H50.89 Other specified strabismus H50.9 Unspecified strabismus H51 Other disorders of binocular movement H51.0 Palsy (spasm) of conjugate [icd10data.com]

Two common ones are Strabismus - a disorder in which the two eyes don't line up in the same direction. This results in "crossed eyes" or "walleye." [icdlist.com]

Orbital Disease

Our team of doctors includes leading experts in ophthalmic plastic surgery, endoscopic orbital surgery, strabismus, thyroid gland disorders, neurosurgery, and head and neck [masseyeandear.org]

It is usually first noticed between the ages of two and three and is often associated with a family history of strabismus. [britannica.com]

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1987;24(4):194–197. PubMed Google Scholar 55. Wright JE, McNab AA, McDonald WI. [link.springer.com]

Prader-Willi Syndrome

Strabismus was present in 25 (54%) patients: 22 (48%) patients had esotropia and three (7%) had exotropia. Nine patients either received or required strabismus surgery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] may include: Mild to moderate intellectual disability Sleep abnormalities Delayed or incomplete puberty Scoliosis Short stature Unusually fair skin Underdeveloped genitals Strabismus [childrensmercy.org]

The patient showed neonatal hypotonia, hyperphagia, obesity, central hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, strabismus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Benedict Syndrome

With the eyelids retracted the right eye had a dilated pupil and a lateral strabismus. [lksom.temple.edu]

LR; medial strabismus, horizontal diplopia Dorsal Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome) Causes; pinealoma or germinoma 1. Superior colliculus and pretectal area. [cram.com]

Defisit occulomotorius termasuk ptosis, strabismus divergen, dan dilatasi pupil. [docshare.tips]

Orbital Neoplasm

Slowly enlarging orbital masses causing strabismus and proptosis proved to be hydrophilic scleral buckles. [journals.lww.com]

Strabismus is the second major presenting sign of retinoblastoma. [clinicalgate.com]

Retinoblastoma - Strabismus (crossed eyes), a whitish or yellowish glow through the pupil, decreasing/loss of vision, sometimes the eye may be red and painful. [en.wikipedia.org]

Mucolipidosis

Ocular findings also include retinal degeneration, myopia, strabismus, and photophobia. Neurological symptoms include hypotonia and pyramidal tract signs. [genedx.com]

[…] recessive lysosomal storage disorder characterized by severe psychomotor retardation and ophthalmologic abnormalities, including corneal opacity, retinal degeneration and strabismus [uniprot.org]

Surgical correction of strabismus. [jnetics.org]

Orbital Floor Fracture

Despite the publication of multiple studies suggesting neuroimaging criteria for associated extraocular muscle entrapment, restrictive strabismus related to blowout fracture [aao.org]

[…] wall fracture secondary to trauma Periorbital hematoma Phthisis Bulbi After Injury Retrobulbar Hemorrhage Secondary to Peribulbar Anesthesia Tumors, Neoplasma Retina Sclera Strabismus [atlasophthalmology.net]

Patients with double vision will often have their care coordinated with a strabismus surgeons. Dr. [klapperplasticsurgery.com]

Cranial Neuropathy

[…] of strabismus measured? [flashcardbook.com]

Strabismus in Art Images of strabismus in works of art are not rare. One may come across both forms of strabismus: eso- and exotropia. [karger.com]

[…] nerves 2016 2017 2018 2019 Non-Billable/Non-Specific Code Type 2 Excludes disorders of acoustic [8th] nerve ( H93.3 ) disorders of optic [2nd] nerve ( H46, H47.0 ) paralytic strabismus [icd10data.com]

Turner Syndrome

Strabismus Strabismus is an intermittent or constant misalignment of an eye so that its line of vision is not pointed at the same object as the other eye. [msdmanuals.com]

[…] hypertension. 8, 9 Patients with Turner syndrome often have an atherogenic cardiovascular risk factor profile. 10 Other potential complications of Turner syndrome include strabismus [aafp.org]

Vision – Hyperopia and strabismus each occur in approximately 25 – 35% of patients with TS. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

Gaucher Disease Type 2

Type 2 Gaucher's disease Presents in infancy with increased tone, strabismus, and organomegaly. Failure to thrive and stridor (due to laryngospasm) are also common. [patient.info]

Type 2 is the infantile neuronopathic form, which is characterized by trismus, strabismus, ocular motor apraxia, opisthotonus and death by about two years. [collections.lib.utah.edu]

[…] liver 0002240 Ophthalmoplegia Eye muscle paralysis 0000602 Spasticity Involuntary muscle stiffness, contraction, or spasm 0001257 Splenomegaly Increased spleen size 0001744 Strabismus [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Orbital Infection

[…] cellulitis infectious inflammatory process involving the orbital tissues posterior to the orbital septum and requires Etiologies include trauma, orbital fracture repair, strabismus [drmansueto.com]

Orbital cellulitis complicating strabismus surgery: a case report and review of the literature. [nature.com]

Surgical procedures, including orbital decompression, dacryocystorhinostomy, eyelid surgery, [3] strabismus surgery, retinal surgery, and intraocular surgery, have been reported [emedicine.medscape.com]

Orbital Metastasis

The most common presenting signs and symptoms included diplopia with noncomitant strabismus, proptosis, and a palpable mass. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Diplopia (48%), pain (42%), and visual loss (30%) were the commonest symptoms at presentation; whereas proptosis (63%), strabismus (62%), and visual loss (41%) were the most [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] virtue of distant spread (all cases); 2 Monitoring and managing visual involvement—planning decompression surgery (case 1), diagnosis/follow-up and management of developing strabismus [nature.com]

Orbital Burkitt's Lymphoma

BFM-90 reduced the recurrence of strabismus, diplopia, and proptosis, but did not correct deficits in the best corrected visual acuity. [bmcophthalmol.biomedcentral.com]

Tumors, Neoplasma Glaucomas, Ocular Hypertension Hypertensive Retinopathy Iris and Ciliary Body Lacrimal System Lens Lids Neuro-Ophthalmology Optic Nerve Orbit Retina Sclera Strabismus [atlasophthalmology.net]

Three months after the initiation of chemotherapy, strabismus and diplopia had resolved, and proptosis markedly decreased, although there was no change in her BCVA. [bmcophthalmol.biomedcentral.com]