Strabismus: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Strabismus

Exotropia

Binocular Vision and Binocular Motility: Theory and Management of Strabismus. 1996. Wright KW, Buckley EG, Del Monte MA. Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 1995. [emedicine.com]

Strabismus. 17 (1): 33–6. doi:10.1080/09273970802678818. [en.wikipedia.org]

Called also divergent strabismus and walleye. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Benign Abducens Nerve Palsy

Three children required strabismus surgery. [nature.com]

Augmented Hummelsheim procedure for paralytic strabismus. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2000;37(4):189–95. quiz 226–187. PubMed Google Scholar 36. [link.springer.com]

In cases of subsequent acquired strabismus, with a constant angle of deviation, strabismus surgery may be required. References 1. [nature.com]

Oculomotor Nerve Paralysis

[…] due to nerve palsy ( H49.0 - H49.2 ) Strabismus (congenital) (nonparalytic) H50.9 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code H50.9 Unspecified strabismus 2016 2017 2018 2019 Billable/Specific [icd10data.com]

The surgical correction of paralytic strabismus using fascia lata. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1998;35:27–32. Khaier A, Dawson E, Lee J. [healio.com]

Surgical management of strabismus: An atlas of strabismus surgery. 4 th ed. St Louis: Mosby;1993:502-508. 2. [jovr.org]

Vertical Heterotropia

An abnormal angle kappa can exaggerate or conceal the true magnitude of strabismus [ 5 ]. [omicsonline.org]

strabismus; vertical, vertical; heterotropia, vertical; strabismus, Vertical heterotropia, NOS, Vertical heterotropia Dutch heterotropie; verticaal, strabismus; verticaal [fpnotebook.com]

Most ophthalmologists will not recommend strabismus surgery in patients with angle kappa. [omicsonline.org]

Exophoria

H50.61 Brown's sheath syndrome H50.69 Other mechanical strabismus H50.8 Other specified strabismus Reimbursement claims with a date of service on or after October 1, 2015 [icd10data.com]

For some people this strabismus is merely an incidental eye finding, and there are no symptoms. [hutchdoc.com]

ICD-10-CM Codes › H00-H59 Diseases of the eye and adnexa › H49-H52 Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction › H50- Other strabismus › [icd10data.com]

Esophoria

ICD-10-CM Codes › H00-H59 Diseases of the eye and adnexa › H49-H52 Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction › H50- Other strabismus › [icd10data.com]

Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility: Theory and Management of Strabismus. 6th ed. 502. St. Louis, MO, Mosby, 2002. [visionhelp.wordpress.com]

(congenital) (nonparalytic) H50.9 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code H50.9 Unspecified strabismus 2016 2017 2018 2019 Billable/Specific Code heterophoria H50.50 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis [icd10data.com]

Noncomitant Strabismus

[…] apparent strabismus 외관적사시 cicatrical strabismus 흉터사시 comitant strabismus (⇒concomitant strabismus) 일치사시, 공동사시 concomitant strabismus 일치사시, 공동사시 constant strabismus 불변사시, [kmle.co.kr]

อังกฤษ-ไทย: ศัพท์บัญญัติราชบัณฑิตยสถาน [เชื่อมโยงจาก royin.go.th แบบอัตโนมัติและผ่านการปรับแก้] noncomitant strabismus; strabismus, incomitant; strabismus, nonconcomitant; [dict.longdo.com]

Syn. relative strabismus. relative strabismus See periodic strabismus. secondary s. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Trochlear Nerve Paralysis

ICD-10-CM Codes › H00-H59 Diseases of the eye and adnexa › H49-H52 Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction › H49- Paralytic strabismus [icd10data.com]

2018 (effective 10/1/2017) : No change 2019 (effective 10/1/2018) : No change ICD-10-CM Codes Adjacent To H49.12 H47.9 Unspecified disorder of visual pathways H49 Paralytic strabismus [icd10data.com]

[…] step test, because acquired vertical strabismus is often the result of the dysfunction of more than one muscle. [aao.org]

Retinoblastoma

For the differential diagnosis of strabismus in childhood see ocular motility disorders and strabismus. Strabismus is normal until three months after birth! [amboss.com]

The most common signs and symptoms are leukokoria and strabismus and sometimes, red eye, glaucoma and orbital cellulitis. [symptoma.com]

The most common presentation is leukocoria, followed by strabismus. Heritable retinoblastoma accounts for 45% of all cases, with 80% being bilateral. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Moebius Syndrome

Even though many reports have described the various features of Möbius syndrome, only a few articles have reported the results of strabismus surgery in children, including [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Strabismus is a common feature and its usually esotropic. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Congenital Exophthalmos

Research of Exophthalmos Congenital has been linked to Exophthalmos, Orbital Neoplasms, Neoplasms, Teratoma, Strabismus. [novusbio.com]

Strabismus — Any deviation of the eyes from a common direction. Commonly called a turned eye. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Strabismus occurs when one or both eyes look off in different directions, often referred to as crossed eyes. [pets.thenest.com]

Orbital Cellulitis

To our knowledge, this is the first case of orbital cellulitis and intraconal abscess after strabismus surgery in an adult. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Orbital cellulitis is a rare complication of strabismus surgery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Journal of Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 26: 21–26. Google Scholar 18. [springerlink.com]

Ophthalmoplegia

In all cases, a rectus muscle snapped under minimal tension while held on a strabismus hook during strabismus surgery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Strabismus Strabismus (eye condition Strabismus (eye condition) Strabismus, A pattern deviation Strabismus, V pattern deviation Strabismus, X pattern deviation V-pattern [icd9data.com]

The eyeball movement distance, size of fissure palpebrae, and the reduced degree of strabismus will be assessed as the primary outcomes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Albinism

It is commonly accepted that albino patients with strabismus rarely achieve binocularity and depth perception after strabismus surgery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Some surgical interventions may lessen strabismus. [merckmanuals.com]

If strabismus, misaligned eyes caused from muscle imbalances, is present, your child will have initial double vision and/or issues with depth perception. [afb.org]

Orbital Disease

Our team of doctors includes leading experts in ophthalmic plastic surgery, endoscopic orbital surgery, strabismus, thyroid gland disorders, neurosurgery, and head and neck [masseyeandear.org]

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1987;24(4):194–197. PubMed Google Scholar 55. Wright JE, McNab AA, McDonald WI. [link.springer.com]

It is usually first noticed between the ages of two and three and is often associated with a family history of strabismus. [britannica.com]

Diabetic Ophthalmoplegia

Keywords diabetic ophthalmoplegia;strabismus;acupuncture;Jok-Gwoleum-Gan-Gyeong [koreascience.or.kr]

With the help of 2500 images and illustrations, this book covers topics such as glaucoma, ocular oncology, nystagmus, refractive surgery, strabismus and lasers in ophthalmology [books.google.it]

Surgical management of strabismus associated with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia. Ophthalmology. 1997 Apr. 104(4):695-700. [Medline]. Ewart RM, Burrows RF. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Exophthalmos

Research of Exophthalmos Congenital has been linked to Exophthalmos, Orbital Neoplasms, Neoplasms, Teratoma, Strabismus. [novusbio.com]

Strabismus — Any deviation of the eyes from a common direction. Commonly called a turned eye. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Browse our catalog of research reagents for Exophthalmos Congenital including antibodies and ELISA kits against STRABISMUS. [novusbio.com]

Parinaud Syndrome

Moguel-Ancheita S, Ruiz-Morfín I, Pedraza-Jacob M (2006) Strabismus-associated Parinaud syndrome. Cir Cir 74:147–151 PubMed Google Scholar 11. [link.springer.com]

H50.8 Other specified strabismus H50.89 Other specified strabismus H50.9 Unspecified strabismus H51 Other disorders of binocular movement H51.0 Palsy (spasm) of conjugate [icd10data.com]

Two common ones are Strabismus - a disorder in which the two eyes don't line up in the same direction. This results in "crossed eyes" or "walleye." [icdlist.com]

Benedict Syndrome

With the eyelids retracted the right eye had a dilated pupil and a lateral strabismus. [lksom.temple.edu]

LR; medial strabismus, horizontal diplopia Dorsal Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome) Causes; pinealoma or germinoma 1. Superior colliculus and pretectal area. [cram.com]

Defisit occulomotorius termasuk ptosis, strabismus divergen, dan dilatasi pupil. [docshare.tips]

Prader-Willi Syndrome

Strabismus was present in 25 (54%) patients: 22 (48%) patients had esotropia and three (7%) had exotropia. Nine patients either received or required strabismus surgery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The patient showed neonatal hypotonia, hyperphagia, obesity, central hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, strabismus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Dysmorphic findings in a child with Prader-Willi syndrome include narrowing of the temples, almond-shaped eyes, strabismus, and a thin upper lip. [aafp.org]

Mucolipidosis

Surgical correction of strabismus. [jnetics.org]

These included strabismus, white matter signal abnormalities, and a hypoplastic corpus callosum at 2years of age. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] recessive lysosomal storage disorder characterized by severe psychomotor retardation and ophthalmologic abnormalities, including corneal opacity, retinal degeneration and strabismus [uniprot.org]

Orbital Neoplasm

Slowly enlarging orbital masses causing strabismus and proptosis proved to be hydrophilic scleral buckles. [journals.lww.com]

Strabismus is the second major presenting sign of retinoblastoma. [clinicalgate.com]

Retinoblastoma - Strabismus (crossed eyes), a whitish or yellowish glow through the pupil, decreasing/loss of vision, sometimes the eye may be red and painful. [en.wikipedia.org]

Orbital Floor Fracture

[…] wall fracture secondary to trauma Periorbital hematoma Phthisis Bulbi After Injury Retrobulbar Hemorrhage Secondary to Peribulbar Anesthesia Tumors, Neoplasma Retina Sclera Strabismus [atlasophthalmology.net]

Patients with double vision will often have their care coordinated with a strabismus surgeons. Dr. [klapperplasticsurgery.com]

Despite the publication of multiple studies suggesting neuroimaging criteria for associated extraocular muscle entrapment, restrictive strabismus related to blowout fracture [aao.org]

Turner Syndrome

Vision: Strabismus and farsightedness, or hyperopia, is more common among girls with TS. [medicalnewstoday.com]

[…] interval 0001657 Ptosis Drooping upper eyelid 0000508 Scoliosis Abnormal curving of the spine 0002650 Short toe Short toes Stubby toes [ more ] 0001831 Splayed toes 0011307 Strabismus [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

[…] hypertension. 8, 9 Patients with Turner syndrome often have an atherogenic cardiovascular risk factor profile. 10 Other potential complications of Turner syndrome include strabismus [aafp.org]

Gaucher Disease Type 2

Type 2 Gaucher's disease Presents in infancy with increased tone, strabismus, and organomegaly. Failure to thrive and stridor (due to laryngospasm) are also common. [patient.info]

Type 2 is the infantile neuronopathic form, which is characterized by trismus, strabismus, ocular motor apraxia, opisthotonus and death by about two years. [collections.lib.utah.edu]

[…] liver 0002240 Ophthalmoplegia Eye muscle paralysis 0000602 Spasticity Involuntary muscle stiffness, contraction, or spasm 0001257 Splenomegaly Increased spleen size 0001744 Strabismus [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Orbital Infection

[…] cellulitis infectious inflammatory process involving the orbital tissues posterior to the orbital septum and requires Etiologies include trauma, orbital fracture repair, strabismus [drmansueto.com]

Orbital cellulitis complicating strabismus surgery: a case report and review of the literature. [nature.com]

Surgical procedures, including orbital decompression, dacryocystorhinostomy, eyelid surgery, [3] strabismus surgery, retinal surgery, and intraocular surgery, have been reported [emedicine.medscape.com]

Orbital Metastasis

Diplopia (48%), pain (42%), and visual loss (30%) were the commonest symptoms at presentation; whereas proptosis (63%), strabismus (62%), and visual loss (41%) were the most [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The most common presenting signs and symptoms included diplopia with noncomitant strabismus, proptosis, and a palpable mass. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] virtue of distant spread (all cases); 2 Monitoring and managing visual involvement—planning decompression surgery (case 1), diagnosis/follow-up and management of developing strabismus [nature.com]

Cranial Neuropathy

[…] of strabismus measured? [flashcardbook.com]

Strabismus in Art Images of strabismus in works of art are not rare. One may come across both forms of strabismus: eso- and exotropia. [karger.com]

[…] nerves 2016 2017 2018 2019 Non-Billable/Non-Specific Code Type 2 Excludes disorders of acoustic [8th] nerve ( H93.3 ) disorders of optic [2nd] nerve ( H46, H47.0 ) paralytic strabismus [icd10data.com]

Trisomy 21

Periocular infection is a rare complication of strabismus surgery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The chimpanzee in the present case experienced retarded growth; infantile cataract and vision problems, including nystagmus, strabismus, and keratoconus; congenital atrial [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Introduction: Ocular problems as refractive errors, strabismus, accommodation, and cataract are well known in children with Down syndrome (DS). [dx.doi.org]

Alpha-Mannosidosis

Slight strabismus is common. The clinical variability is significant, representing a continuum in severity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Nystagmus and strabismus have been described. [disorders.eyes.arizona.edu]