Thrombocytosis: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Thrombocytosis

One patient clearly represents a case of RARS with reactive thrombocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

As controls we considered 61 patients with reactive thrombocytosis referred to our Department in the same period of time. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The diagnosis of an essential thrombocytosis is demonstrated in this presentation of a well-looking 53 year old man who had a five-year history of increasing facial asymmetry [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Primary Myelofibrosis

Objectives: To compare the mutational profiles of patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF), polycythemia vera (PV), and essential thrombocytosis (ET). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

BM HE (400×) Primary myelofibrosis, overt fibrosis. 64-year old woman, left-shifted leucocytosis, thrombocytosis over 1,000×109/L. [leukemia-cell.org]

Myelofibrosis can also occur as a secondary process following the other myeloproliferative disorders (eg, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocytosis). [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

Extracranial Giant Cell Arteritis

Diagnosis Histologic diagnosis – temporal artery biopsy showing segmental inflammation Laboratory Testing Nonspecific testing – helpful in excluding other diagnoses CBC – thrombocytosis [arupconsult.com]

→ can lead to Rouleaux formation of RBCs ↑ CRP Mild thrombocytosis Normochromic anemia No autoantibodies Temporal artery biopsy (gold stand ard) : mandatory in all patients [amboss.com]

Laboratory tests typically show anemia, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the C-reactive protein level are usually very high. [mdedge.com]

Myelofibrosis

BM HE (400×) Primary myelofibrosis, overt fibrosis. 64-year old woman, left-shifted leucocytosis, thrombocytosis over 1,000×109/L. [leukemia-cell.org]

Myelofibrosis can also occur as a secondary process following the other myeloproliferative disorders (eg, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocytosis). [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

Thrombocytopenia is less frequently observed than thrombocytosis and renders patients prone to bleeding. [symptoma.com]

Polycythemia Vera

Objectives: To compare the mutational profiles of patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF), polycythemia vera (PV), and essential thrombocytosis (ET). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

BACKGROUND: Polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocytosis (ET) are hematological disorders characterized by excessive production of mature and functional blood cells [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] and leukocytosis or thrombocytosis, or all three together. [cancertherapyadvisor.com]

POEMS Syndrome

[…] peripheral neuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal plasmaproliferative disorder, skin changes, papilledema, extravascular volume overload, sclerotic bone lesions, thrombocytosis [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In addition to peripheral neuropathy, the presence of hepatosplenomegaly, skin changes, polycythaemia and thrombocytosis prompted for further investigations. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Polyneuropathy and thrombocytosis had remarkably improved after 2nd cycle, whereas, visual impairment had shown no recovery. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Familial Myelofibrosis

The disease is characterized, classically, by anemia, mild neutrophilia, thrombocytosis, and splenomegaly. [hemonc.mhmedical.com]

The Center for the Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders was established in 2002 to meet the needs of patients with Polycythemia Vera, Primary Myelofibrosis, Essential Thrombocytosis [hopkinsmedicine.org]

Familial thrombocytosis with myeloproliferative neoplasm including chronic myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera, primary myelofibrosis, sporadic or familial ET... [evidence.nhs.uk]

Polycythemia

[…] and leukocytosis or thrombocytosis, or all three together. [cancertherapyadvisor.com]

For patients with marked thrombocytosis the administration of anagrelide may be indicated. [fcarreras.org]

Polycythemia is frequently used synonymously with erythrocytosis; however, polycythemia may imply leukocytosis and thrombocytosis, as well as erythrocytosis. [msdvetmanual.com]

Essential Thrombocythemia

[…] primary Thrombocytosis familial thrombocytosis hereditary thrombocythemia hemorrhagic thrombocythemia Primary Thrombocythemia essential thrombocytemia ET essential thrombocytosis [wikidata.org]

Essential thrombocytosis (ET) is also called essential thrombocythemia. [cancer.ca]

Clearly there is much needed research into the use of herbal medicine for essential thrombocytosis. [metabolichealing.com]

Chronic Phase of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Extreme thrombocytosis was present, although no evidence of acquired von Willebrand disorder was found. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] leukocytosis Granulocytes at all stages of maturation Two peaks: segmented neutrophils and myelocytes Basophilia Eosinophilia (frequent) Special forms may have prominent thrombocytosis [surgpathcriteria.stanford.edu]

An adolescent with chronic myeloid leukemia initially presented with extreme thrombocytosis, increased megakaryopoiesis with dysmorphic features, and focal myelofibrosis in [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Thrombocytosis

Reactive thrombocytosis seldom produces any symptoms. [symptoma.com]

Patient was found to have extreme thrombocytosis. Approach to thrombocytosis is discussed here. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Erythromelalgia

All previous reports about erythromelalgia that is the result of a myeloproliferative process have documented associated thrombocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Most reported cases of secondary erythromelalgia are due to myeloproliferative disorders with thrombocytosis (Polycythemia vera or essential thrombocytosis are most common [boneandspine.com]

For erythromelalgia with thrombocytosis, aspirin is usually the treatment of choice. It works by inhibiting platelet aggregation. [boneandspine.com]

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

A 10-year-old boy presented with spontaneous bruising and was found to have extreme thrombocytosis without neutrophilia/shift to immaturity, basophilia or eosinophilia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Three of 4 TKI-treated patients did not reach complete hematologic response due to the persistence of thrombocytosis and/or splenomegaly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Coagulation studies confirmed the diagnosis of Acquired von Willebrand disease (AvWD) 2A because of thrombocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Paraneoplastic Syndrome

Paraneoplastic thrombocytosis Thrombocytosis frequency is 13–32% in LC patients. [intechopen.com]

Lymphoma may be a cause of secondary thrombocytosis. Renal Paraneoplastic Syndrome About 10% patinets with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome have an underlying maligancy. [allaboutblood.com]

[…] characterized by typical thrombotic and/or hemorrhagic manifestations, and sometimes leading to thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia may also be caused by autoantibodies; the causes of thrombocytosis [emedicine.medscape.com]

Kawasaki Disease

The typical laboratory features of Kawasaki disease, such as elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leukocytosis, anemia, positive C-reactive protein and thrombocytosis [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In contrast, adults are less frequently affected by meningitis (10% vs. 34%), thrombocytosis (55% vs. 100%), and coronary artery aneurysms (5% vs. 18-25%). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

On week 2 after onset of symptoms, the patient developed desquamation of the extremities and thrombocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Temporal Arteritis

Laboratory abnormalities associated with TA include a highly elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anemia, and thrombocytosis, and mildly increased alkaline phosphatase [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hayreh 2003 points out that although essential thrombocytosis has increased thrombotic morbidity, the thrombocytosis in GCA is reactive and thus an antithrombotic agent is [doi.org]

Sideroblastic Anemia

A unique patient with sideroblastic anemia and thrombocytosis with a recurrent and ultimately fatal thromboembolic phenomenon is described. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We believe this is the first reported case of trisomy 8 with trilineage myelodysplasia and thrombocytosis with primary acquired sideroblastic anemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS) and RARS with thrombocytosis: "2019 Update on Diagnosis, Risk-stratification, and Management". [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Multicentric Castleman's Disease

Multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) is a polyclonal lymphoproliferative disorder that manifests as marked hyper-γ-globulinemia, severe inflammation, anemia, and thrombocytosis [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Laboratory and clinical Minor Criteria include elevated C-reactive protein or erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anemia, thrombocytopenia or thrombocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Further, anaemia, hypoalbuminaemia, hypocholesterolaemia and thrombocytosis were observed. These findings were consistent with those of multicentric Castleman's disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Therapeutic Phlebotomy

[…] elevated haemoglobin level in men and more than 16 g/dL in women More than 52% haematocrit in men and more than 47% in women Splenomegaly with or without leucocytosis and thrombocytosis [ephlebotomytraining.com]

Thrombocythemia and Thrombocytosis. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [On-line information]. [labtestsonline.it]

Adult-Onset Still Disease

Both patients had marked leukocytosis with neutrophil predominance, thrombocytosis, elevated liver enzymes and elevated acute phase rectants. [ajol.info]

A peripheral smear also showed neutrophilia and thrombocytosis. [ijdvl.com]

Blood cell count for improvement in leukocytosis and thrombocytosis. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Splenectomy

We present a guideline about digital replantation when thrombocytosis is expected. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Further investigations diagnosed pseudohyperkalaemia, one of the causes of which is thrombocytosis secondary to splenectomy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

For example, Rostagno et al 12 described a patient who suffered CTEPH associated with long standing thrombocytosis but, when the thrombocytosis was treated, there was improvement [thorax.bmj.com]

Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Here we report a case of coexistence of BCR-ABL1 fusion gene and CALR mutation, diagnosed due to persistent thrombocytosis while the patient was in treatment-free, complete [sci.amegroups.com]

Leukemia With JAK2 - and BCR/ABL -Positive Mutation Case Presentation In 1999, a 68-year–old man presented with hematocrit of 50, and associated leukocytosis, erythrocytosis, thrombocytosis [gotoper.com]

[…] comparison between them is not always straightforward since they present distinct clinical, hematological or molecular features, such as accelerated phase disease; marked thrombocytosis [haematologica.org]

Iron Deficiency Anemia

OBJECTIVE: In order to inquire into the pathogenesis of increased platelet counts in peripheral blood of patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA), the phenomenon of thrombocytosis [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hematological investigations revealed severe iron deficiency anemia without thrombocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is commonly associated with reactive thrombocytosis, but thrombocytopenia is relatively uncommon and generally associated with more severe IDA [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Splenic Abscess

Two months later he developed recurrent thrombophlebitis and fatal thromboembolism associated with thrombocytosis. [annals.org]

Splenomegaly was present in 12 (67%), leukocytosis in 9 (50%), and thrombocytosis in 12 (67%) patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In cases of splenectomy, thrombocytosis occurs in more than 50% of cases. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (effective October 01, 2015) Signs and Symptoms Anemia Asthenia Cytopenia Easy bruising or bleeding Fever Hepatosplenomegaly Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytosis [seer.cancer.gov]

Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm with ring sideroblasts and thrombocytosis The criteria for MDS/MPN with ring sideroblasts and thrombocytosis (MDS/MPN-RS-T; previously [doi.org]

Adult-AMKL can result from the progression of other myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) viz., chronic myelogenous leukemia, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocytosis, and [en.wikipedia.org]

Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia

non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, ALL, mastocytosis) (3) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (4) myelodysplastic disorders (5) other myeloproliferative disorders (polycythemia, primary thrombocytosis [meducator3.net]

CEL-NOS : 1) Eosinophilia ≥1500/microL. 2) Absence of the Ph chromosome, BCRABL1 fusion gene, and exclusion of other myeloproliferative (polycythemia vera, essential thrombocytosis [empendium.com]

Routine analyses of blood may simultaneously reveal neutrophilia or basophilia, anemia, thrombocytopenia or thrombocytosis. [symptoma.com]

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis

The thrombocytosis was deemed to be reactive due to vasculitis. [hindawi.com]

[…] conjunctivitis corneal ulceration skin lesions at high risk of DVT EXAMINATION pleural effusions pulmonary infiltrates skin vasculitis lesions INVESTIGATIONS leucocytosis thrombocytosis [lifeinthefastlane.com]

[…] abnormalities in granulomatosis with polyangiitis may include: Raised white cell count (leucocytosis) Reduced haemoglobin (normocytic normochromic anaemia ) Raised platelet count (thrombocytosis [dermnetnz.org]

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

Most people with polymyalgia rheumatica have an unusually high number of these cells (thrombocytosis). [web.archive.org]

Such abnormalities can include a mild normocytic anemia due to chronic inflammation, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis. [practicalpainmanagement.com]

Hayreh 2003 points out that although essential thrombocytosis has increased thrombotic morbidity, the thrombocytosis in GCA is reactive and thus an antithrombotic agent is [doi.org]

Splenic Rupture

[…] presents with elevated WBC's, fevers, pleuritic pain, and left shoulder pain (referred from phrenic nerve irritation) Hematologic findings - due to decreased splenic clearance thrombocytosis [medbullets.com]

(see differential diagnoses below) References: [3] Diagnostics Laboratory tests : low Hb, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis ; crossmatch for blood transfusion if needed In [amboss.com]

Complications of Treatment The main complications of conservative treatment or embolisation are: Ongoing bleeding Splenic necrosis Splenic abscess or cyst formation Thrombocytosis [teachmesurgery.com]

Malignant Neoplasm of the Lung

[…] need to know Most lung cancers present with non-specific symptoms; haemoptysis is a feature in only 20% Consider a chest x ray for patients who have persistent symptoms or thrombocytosis [bmj.com]

Clinical relevance of thrombocytosis in primary care: a prospective cohort study of cancer incidence using English electronic medical records and cancer registry data. [guidelinesinpractice.co.uk]

[…] further urgent investigations, namely a computed tomography (CT) scan, or be referred on an urgent suspected cancer pathway. 4,6 A full blood count may be useful; a persistent thrombocytosis [guidelinesinpractice.co.uk]