Total Bilirubin Increased: Causes & Reasons

Possible Causes for Total Bilirubin Increased

4 In fetal hemolytic disease, such as Rhesus immunization, the concentration of total serum bilirubin (TSB) can increase from 1.5 mg/dL at 20 weeks of gestation to 4.1 mg [accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com]

Neonatal dermal icterus is not noticeable at total serum bilirubin levels below 4 mg per dL (68 μmol per L). 16 Increasing total serum bilirubin levels are accompanied by [aafp.org]

By 20 weeks of gestation IXα constitutes 6% of bilirubin in bile, IXβ 87%, IXγ 0.5%, and IXδ 6%. 5 By 38 weeks gestation, bilirubin-IXα has replaced IXβ as the main isomer [accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com]

Cholestasis of Pregnancy

[…] above normal Total Bilirubin (mg/dL) 0.3-1.3 0.1-0.8 0.1-1.1 2-5 5. features Acute hepatits ICP HELLP AFLP Trimester Any III III III Presentation Fever, jaundice Pruritis [slideshare.net]

Bilirubin level remains lower than 6 mg/dL, AST level is increased, and total bile acid levels rise markedly, reaching 20 times normal. [clevelandclinicmeded.com]

Non pregnant adult II trimester III trimester Cholestasis of pregnancy ALP (U/L) 33-96 25-126 38-229 Higher than in normal pregnancy AST (U/L) 12-38 3-33 4-32 2-10 fold increase [slideshare.net]

Biliary Atresia

Biochemical liver function tests showed cholestasis (elevated cholesterol and gamma-GTs) and increased ALT, total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, and ALP. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We evaluated the clinical impact and cost of reflex testing in infants with increased direct bilirubin (>1.5 mg/dL; >25 μmol/L). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

341 IU/L) increased the total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and γ -GT in all patients of both groups and increased alkaline phosphatase in three patients of group A and ten [e-ultrasonography.org]

Hepatitis A

After the first living-donor liver transplantation, allograft function recovered uneventfully; however, beginning at 35 days, his serum total bilirubin concentration increased [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The most striking laboratory findings include increases of serum aminotransferase activities, serum bilirubin (both total and direct), and serum alkaline phosphatase activity [clinchem.org]

Alkaline phosphatase activity also rises relatively late in the course of the infection, and tends to parallel serum bilirubin increases. [clinchem.org]

Lethal Neonatal Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase II Deficiency

Hyperammonemia; Increased total bilirubin; Increased tissue levels of triglycerides; Increased tissue levels of free fatty acids; Severely decreased palmitate oxidation; [genome.jp]

[…] muscle lipid content Nonketotic hypoglycemia Macrovesicular hepatic steatosis Increased total bilirubin Dicarboxylic aciduria Biventricular hypertrophy Abnormality of nervous [mendelian.co]

[…] muscle lipid content 33 HP:0003573 Increased total bilirubin 34 HP:0007229 Intracerebral periventricular calcifications 35 HP:0006380 Knee flexion contracture 36 HP:0001254 [mseqdr.org]

Cholestasis of Pregnancy Type 1

Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP) is a liver disorder which occurs during pregnancy. This condition affects the normal flow of bile. Bile acids are chemicals in the bile of the liver that help with digestion. With ICP the bile flow begins to slow down and the bile acids build up in the blood. This results in the[…] [liverfoundation.org]

4H Syndrome

Relative increase in total bilirubin at 2 and 4 h after rifampin administration (900 mg). [elsevier.es]

Hence, we suggest that the relative increase of total bilirubin at 2 h can be useful in the diagnosis of Gilbert's syndrome. [elsevier.es]

Thus, magnitudes other than the absolute increase in total bilirubin concentration are needed for the rifampin test to be useful in Gilbert's syndrome. [elsevier.es]

Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Type 1

The total fasting serum bilirubin concentration (greater than 90% unconjugated) increased 21% during phenobarbital treatment and was unaffected by caloric intake. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Elevated total bilirubin Gilbert syndrome Gilberts syndrome Gilbert's syndrome Increased bilirubin level Rotor syndrome Total bilirubin, elevated 277.4 Excludes Applies To [icd9data.com]

In the bile from patients with Gilbert's syndrome, a striking increase was found in the proportion of bilirubin monoconjugates (48.6±9.8% of total conjugates) relative to [jci.org]

Rotor Syndrome

Elevated total bilirubin Gilbert syndrome Gilberts syndrome Gilbert's syndrome Increased bilirubin level Rotor syndrome Total bilirubin, elevated 277.4 Excludes Applies To [icd9data.com]

However, following the capecitabine chemotherapy, a three-fold increase in the basal total blood bilirubin levels (basal total blood bilirubin of the patient was 6 mg/dl) [spandidos-publications.com]

[…] excretion disorder Bilirubin metabolism disorder Crigler Najjar syndrome Crigler-Najjar syndrome Disorder of bilirubin metabolism Dubin Johnson syndrome Dubin-Johnson syndrome [icd9data.com]

Sump Syndrome

Laboratory studies revealed a leukocytosis (WBC count of 14,600 cells/µL) with bandemia, normal total bilirubin, and elevated alkaline phosphatase (446 units/L). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There was mild increase of transaminases (ALT of 60 units/L and AST of 61 units/L), and normal amylase and lipase. The INR and PTT were normal. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cyclosporine Toxicity

The mean and median blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and total bilirubin increased upon initiation of EES treatment: in the renal recipients from 27, 1.7, and 0.5 mg [journals.lww.com]

Acquired Toxic Hemolytic Anemia

Laboratory findings associated with excess bilirubin production include elevated total bilirubin; elevated indirect or unconjugated bilirubin; and increased urinary urobilinogen [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

[…] of intravascular hemolysis Hemoglobinuria Present Confirm hemoglobin breakdown Total bilirubin Increased Indirect bilirubin Increased (hepatic conjugation of bilirubin overwhelmed [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

With excessive hemoglobin breakdown comes increased bilirubin production that cannot be conjugated by the liver for biliary and fecal excretion. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

Lidocain Poisoning

Laboratory examinations showed normal liver and renal function, and sodium and calcium levels (total bilirubin 0.2 mg/dl, GOT 12 IU, GPT 5 IU, alkaline phosphatase 203 IU, [jpsmjournal.com]

One week later, she developed increasing somnolence. [jpsmjournal.com]

Conjugated Hyperbilirubinemia

Mehta 2005 used the increase in total serum bilirubin value in the first four hours of study (greater than 34 mmol/L (2 mg/dL)) and total serum bilirubin value at the eight‐hour [cochranelibrary.com]

[…] to decrease bilirubin concentration through reduced enterohepatic circulation via an increased gut peristalsis (Dennery 2001). [cochranelibrary.com]

It is believed that by decreasing the total serum bilirubin concentration, the risk of bilirubin‐induced neurotoxicity is decreased through a reduction in the amount of unbound [cochranelibrary.com]

Presenile Dementia with Bone Cysts

LDL cholesterol concentration Increased total bilirubin Increased VLDL cholesterol concentration CSF pleocytosis T-cell lymphoma Short stature Diarrhea Fatigue Heterogeneous [mendelian.co]

[…] of the corpus callosum Cerebral atrophy Babinski sign EEG abnormality Aggressive behavior IgA deficiency Multifactorial inheritance Cellular immunodeficiency Osteoporosis Increased [mendelian.co]

Dubin-Johnson Syndrome

Elevated total bilirubin Gilbert syndrome Gilberts syndrome Gilbert's syndrome Increased bilirubin level Rotor syndrome Total bilirubin, elevated 277.4 Excludes Applies To [icd9data.com]

bilirubin relative to total bilirubin concentration. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A blood sample showed increased acute phase reactants, leukocytosis, neutrophilia and increased bilirubin levels (total 6.74 mg/dl, direct 6.21 mg/dl). [scielo.isciii.es]

Hemolytic Anemia

This patient’s anemia was clinically thought to be hemolytic in nature, a diagnosis supported by an elevated total bilirubin, increased lactate dehydrogenase (LD), decreased [academic.oup.com]

Total bilirubin is only modestly increased (up to 5 mg/dL) and, with rare exceptions, the conjugated (direct) fraction constitutes less than 15 percent of the total. [errolozdalga.com]

Zieve's Syndrome

His total bilirubin increased to a maximum of 41 (Figure 1B). [cureus.com]

At laboratory tests was showed an increase in total bilirubin (10.20 mg/dL) mainly of direct fraction (7.60 mg/dL), amylase (152 U/L), lipase (936 U/L), transaminases (GOT [omicsonline.org]

Adult-Onset Still Disease

Subsequently, the serum level of ferritin decreased, but serum total bilirubin increased to 17.3 mg/dL. Therefore, cyclosporin was administered orally. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Liver function tests revealed serum total bilirubin 0.8 mg/dL, serum direct bilirubin 0.45 mg/dL, SGPT/ALT 31.5 IU/L. [ijnm.in]

Mildly increased uptake of tracer was noted in enlarged spleen with minimal tracer uptake in marrow. [ijnm.in]

Traumatic Hemolytic Anemia

total & unconjugated bilirubin Evidence of Thrombotic Microangiopathy Thrombocytopenia 15 DIC: Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation  Bacterial sepsis, neoplasms, immunologic [slideplayer.com]

Total bilirubin was 1.76 mg/dL (indirect bilirubin, 1.36 mg/dL). [revespcardiol.org]

Additionally, there were significant decreases in SLDH, total and indirect bilirubin levels, and corrected reticulocyte percent in patients receiving PTX as compared with [rwjms1.umdnj.edu]

Cold Agglutinin Disease

Severe anemia and an increase in the total bilirubin level were observed with chemotherapies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] high gear to try and compensate for red cell loss) increased total bilirubin (high indirect/unconjugated bilirubin vs the direct/conjugated bilirubin) high LDH (spilled red [transfusion.ca]

Typical bloodwork results would show: decreased hemoglobin (due to the red cell lysis) increased reticulocyte count (reflecting the marrow kicking red cell production into [transfusion.ca]

Acute Hemolytic Anemia

Total bilirubin is only modestly increased (up to 5 mg/dL) and, with rare exceptions, the conjugated (direct) fraction constitutes less than 15 percent of the total. [errolozdalga.com]

AIHA diagnosis was established according to the increased total bilirubin levels (3 times the upper limit of normal) with predominance of unconjugated bilirubin, increased [scielo.mec.pt]

Urinary urobilinogen is increased regularly, but bile is not detected in the urine unless serum conjugated bilirubin is increased. [errolozdalga.com]

Liver Injury

The total bilirubin level increased to 9.4 mg/dL on day 4. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The ALT level reached 1931.3 U/L, accompanied by an increase in total bilirubin (TBIL) to 53.3 μmol/L on day 15 after oseltamivir administration. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The liver index and serum biochemical analysis, especially the levels of total bile acids (TBA), total bilirubin (TBIL), and direct bilirubin (DBIL), were significantly increased [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Drug-Induced Toxic Hepatitis

total bilirubin to > 2 times normal without elevated bilirubin at study entry No other reason is evident for these elevations (e.g. viral hepatitis, alcohol etc.). [c3isolutions.com]

Female sex along with hepatocellular liver damage and increased total bilirubin levels on admission is suggested to be a risk factor for development of fulminant liver failure [scialert.net]

Elevated aminotransferase and bilirubin levels suggestive of subfulminant or fulminant necrosis With increasing hepatocellular injury, bilirubin levels are invariably increased [emedicine.medscape.com]

Macrocytic Hyperchromic Anemia

All hemolysis titers, including LDH, haptoglobin, and total bilirubin, normalized rapidly. The absolute reticulocyte count quickly increased to 0.50 × 106/uL. [link.springer.com]

[…] smear schistocytes and laboratory serum markers of hemolysis including an elevated total bilirubin, elevated LDH, and undetectably low haptoglobin, all consistent with MAHA [link.springer.com]

Several days after starting supplementation, the hemoglobin increased to 9.8 g/dL and the platelet count to 178 × 103/uL. [link.springer.com]

Glycogen Storage Disease Type 7

total bilirubin High bili total 0003573 Jaundice Yellow skin Yellowing of the skin [ more ] 0000952 Reduced erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration 0030271 Reticulocytosis [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Increased immature red blood cells Increased number of immature red blood cells [ more ] 0001923 Variable expressivity 0003828 Showing of 18 | Last updated: 5/1/2019 Making [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Increased immature red blood cells Increased number of immature red blood cells [ more ] 0001923 Variable expressivity 0003828 Showing of 18 | Last updated: 6/1/2019 Making [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Thyroid Cyst

bilirubin were highly increased. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

They found that the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and the concentrations of total protein, total bilirubin, and uric acid were [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] that in thyroid cyst fluid specimens the activities of acid phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, amylase, and lactate dehydrogenase, and the concentrations of iron and total [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Kernicterus

The level of total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, brain bilirubin and brain iron was significantly increased in the modelling group. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Although there is a significant positive correlation between serum total and free bilirubin levels, it is not clear at what total bilirubin level free bilirubin will appear [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

No significant differences were observed in unconjugated bilirubin concentration and plasma pH. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury

On day 5, he developed scleral icterus and LFTs continued to increase to 4040/2832 U/L (AST/ALT), with total bilirubin of 6.5 mg/dL. [ajpb.com]

Female sex along with hepatocellular liver damage and increased total bilirubin levels on admission is suggested to be a risk factor for development of fulminant liver failure [scialert.net]

Alveolar Cervical Soft Part Sarcoma

Patients with plasma creatinine ≤ 1,6 mg/dl, transaminases ≤ 2.5 times the UNL, total bilirubin ≤ UNL, CPK ≤ 2.5 times UNL, alkaline phosphatase ≤ 2.5 times the UNL are acceptable [grupogeis.org]

Patients with plasma creatinine ≤ 1,6 mg/dL, transaminases ≤ 2.5 times the UNL, total bilirubin ≤ UNL, CPK ≤ 2.5 times UNL, alkaline phosphatase ≤ 2.5 times the UNL are acceptable [grupogeis.org]

If the increase of alkaline phosphatase is > 2.5 times the UNL, then the alkaline phosphatase liver fraction and/or GGT must be ≤ UNL. [grupogeis.org]