Coma: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for Coma

Acute Alcohol Intoxication

Coma, vomiting and hypothermia are the commonest symptoms in young teenagers intoxicated by alcohol. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Symptoms range from changes in behavior to severe hypothermia, vomiting, altered consciousness, coma, and respiratory insufficiency that may be fatal. [symptoma.com]

Coding Clinic, 3Q 1996 provides some direction regarding an unconscious patient in a coma due to alcohol as a Toxic effect of alcohol 980.0. [supercoder.com]

Hypoglycemia

Severe hypoglycemia eventually lead to glucose deprivation of the central nervous system resulting in hunger; sweating; paresthesia; impaired mental function; seizures; coma [icd9data.com]

Convert to ICD-10-CM : 251.1 converts approximately to: 2015/16 ICD-10-CM E16.0 Drug-induced hypoglycemia without coma Or: 2015/16 ICD-10-CM E16.1 Other hypoglycemia Approximate [icd9data.com]

2016 2017 2018 2019 Billable/Specific Code Manifestation Code E08.649, ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code E10.649 Type 1 diabetes mellitus with hypoglycemia without coma 2016 2017 [icd10data.com]

Hyponatremia

The patient developed acute symptomatic seizures and coma. Gradual normalization of the sodium level led to a recovery of consciousness. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We report two cases of symptomatic hyponatremia (focal neurological signs and coma) after bowel preparation with sodium picosulfate/magnesium citrate for colonoscopy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

If the sodium concentration drops quickly to critical levels, seizures, coma, and death may occur. [emedicinehealth.com]

Head Trauma

Keywords Head Injury Glasgow Coma Scale Injury Severity Score Glasgow Coma Scale Score Severe Head Injury These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. [doi.org]

There are different levels of coma and the Glasgow Coma Scale is one way of measuring its depth. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale? [medicinenet.com]

There are different levels of coma and the Glasgow Coma Scale is one way of measuring its depth. [medicinenet.com]

Traumatic Brain Injury

[…] awake from a coma. [curlie.org]

She subsequently made an excellent neurologic recovery from an initial Glasgow Coma Scale score of 3 to a score of 15. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Injury severity is traditionally based on duration of loss of consciousness and/or coma rating scale or score, post-traumatic amnesia (PTA), and brain imaging results. [northeastern.edu]

Acidosis

Eventually, in severe cases, heart problems may develop and blood pressure can fall, leading to shock, coma, and death. [merckmanuals.com]

When acidosis becomes extreme, the diabetic patient is apt at any time to succumb to the dreaded diabetic coma. [thesaurus.com]

In respiratory acidosis, the earliest symptoms are Drowsiness may progress to stupor and coma as the oxygen in the blood becomes inadequate. [merckmanuals.com]

Diffuse Brain Injury

[…] traumatic brain injury (Glasgow Coma Score, ≤ 8). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Conversely, the initial Glasgow Coma Scale score was not (area under the curve, 0.63). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

뇌손상 정도의 평가 방법 (1) 뇌손상 정도의 측정(Measure of injury severity) 1) 혼수상태의 기간(Duration of coma) 3개월이상 2) 뇌손상 혼수 척도(Glasgow coma scale) 8점이하-혼수상태(comatous state) 측정: 뇌손상 후 2~3일 내에 개안 [blog.aladin.co.kr]

Opiate Overdose

These findings were similar to those seen with other drug overdoses if combined with strenuous muscular effort or hypoxic coma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Heroin and other opiates are central nervous system depressants; in an opiate overdose, respiration slows, potentially resulting in hypoxia, coma, or death. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Opiate overdose is unpredictable and dangerous, and can lead to any number of long-term problems like coma, cardiac arrest or even death. [allaboutcounseling.com]

Brain Stem Infarction

Metabolic causes for coma were uncommon. [clinicclinic2.cafe24.com]

The Glasgow Coma Scale is a scoring system used to evaluate someone’s level of consciousness. [thequadspot.com]

If there is total occlusion of the vertebrobasilar system then patients can present with tachycardia, fluctuating blood pressure, ataxia, impaired consciousness, and coma [symptoma.com]

Cerebral Hemorrhage

Alpha-frequency coma (AC) is a rare finding in comatose patients and is generally associated with a poor prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

One hour after admission, his Glasgow Coma Scale fell from 14 to 11. We performed an echo-guided stereotaxic removal of the hematoma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] predictors of those patients who underwent surgery (226 of 3233 patients overall; 83 of 372 patients with large ICH) were younger age, severe neurological deficit (lower Glasgow coma [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Drug Overdose

Levetiracetam is an anti-epileptic drug commonly used in intensive care when seizure is suspected as a possible cause of coma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

These cardiac effects can lead to increased intracranial pressure, paralysis, coma, difficulty breathing, seizures and death. [livestrong.com]

A 28-year-old man with type 1 diabetes mellitus was admitted for shock and coma due to diabetic ketoacidosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Subdural Hematoma

Postoperative data obtained included Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), and follow-up period. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] and brain compression Nontraumatic subdural hematoma with brain compression Nontraumatic subdural hematoma with brain compression and coma Nontraumatic subdural hemorrhage [icd9data.com]

Possible complications include: Brain herniation (severe pressure on the brain that causes coma or death) Permanent brain damage Persistent symptoms or seizures If symptoms [sharecare.com]

Intracerebral Hematoma

Risk factors (heart disease, previous stroke, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking, alcoholic consumption, and family history), Glasgow Coma [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients who are awake or only drowsy on admission (Coma Grades 1 and 2, Grady scale) often undergo dramatic sudden neurological deterioration 48 to 72 hours after admission [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Data on age, sex, Glasgow Coma Scale score, presence of intraventricular hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage volume were collected, and their predictive values for chronic [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Nontraumatic coma. Glasgow coma score and coma etiology as predictors of 2-week outcome. Arch Neurol 1990;47:1181–1184. PubMed Google Scholar 45. [dx.doi.org]

The Glasgow Coma Scale and prognosis in gunshot wounds to the brain. J Trauma 1993;35:75–77. PubMed Google Scholar 41. [dx.doi.org]

Reliability of the Glasgow Coma Scale when used by emergency physicians and paramedics. J Trauma 1993;34:46–48. PubMed Google Scholar 46. [dx.doi.org]

Benzodiazepine Overdose

The Glasgow coma score and McCarron score (a modified Glasgow coma score which includes scores based on vital signs) 7 were also calculated. [doi.org]

Degree of sedation: Glasgow coma score, McCarron Score, and whether patients were stuporose or comatose. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

(In the analysis of coma the odds ratios were adjusted for fewer variables as the others were not needed.) [doi.org]

Epidural Hematoma

The duration of postoperative coma correlated with the morbidity rate in survivors. [thejns.org]

The level of consciousness and coma in an acutely head injured patient is often described by clinicians with the Glasgow Coma Scale. [nervous-system-diseases.com]

In individuals who do not fall into a coma, a favorable outcome occurs in 90 percent to 100 percent of patients, while mortality ranges from 0 to 5 percent. [neurosurgery.ucla.edu]

Intrapontine Hemorrhage

[…] hemorrhage Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage of multiple locations Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage w brain compression Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage w coma [icd9data.com]

Death was significantly more common in patients with a history of hypertension, coma on admission, absent motor response, absent corneal reflex or oculocephalic responses. [mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com]

Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness: a practical scale. ‎ [books.google.de]

Daphne Poisoning

Produces nausea and vomiting, depression, difficult breathing, prostration and coma. Rhododendrons Rhododendron All parts Fatal. [provenwinners.com]

It can also cause a racing, irregular heart rate, poor circulation, tremors, seizures, coma, and death. [oddee.com]

This toxic sap has been known to cause skin rashes, nausea, swelling of the tongue, and coma. [bcinvasives.ca]

Meningitis

Sequelae were asociated with coma, alterations in CT scan, seizures and hypoglycorrhachia. [analesdepediatria.org]

Low Glasgow Coma Scale at admission was significantly associated with worse neurological outcome (P [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Clinical manifestations include fever; nuchal rigidity; photophobia; seizures; hearing loss, sensorineural; coma; and cerebrovascular thrombosis. [icd9data.com]

Hepatic Encephalopathy

[…] w coma Coma due to acute and subacute hepatic failure Coma due to acute hepatic failure Hepatic coma Hepatic coma due to alcoholic liver failure Hepatic coma due to chronic [icd9data.com]

Hyperammonemia can also result in postoperative coma; however, it is rarely recognized as a potential cause in coma patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

After LDLT the patients recovered from coma at a mean time similar to that in coma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Encephalitis

Symptoms include high fever, headache, sensitivity to light, stiff neck and back, vomiting, confusion and, in severe cases, seizures, paralysis and coma. [who.int]

KEYWORDS: coma and raised intracranial pressure; epilepsy and seizures; hydrocephalus; neuroimaging [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acute Liver Failure

Patients with advanced coma grades do not benefit from NAC and typically require emergency liver transplantation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

LT after 48 h of onset of coma (n=4). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Nine days after drug ingestion, she developed hepatic encephalopathy: thus, we diagnosed the patient with acute liver failure with hepatic coma accompanied by acute pancreatitis [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Ventricular Hemorrhage

RESULTS: There were no significant differences in gender, age, blood pressure, Glasgow Coma Scale, Graeb score, intracerebral hemorrhage volume on admission, and IVH volume [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A 66.7% mortality rate was found in patients with a Glasgow coma scale(GCS) score of 3 to 5, 53.8% for those with a GCS score of 6 to 8, 28.6% for those patients with a GCS [jkns.or.kr]

La mediana del Glasgow Coma Score en el momento de inicio de la fibrinólisis fue de 8 (rango 3-13), y la mediana de Graeb fue 9 (rango 6-12). [medintensiva.org]

Diabetes Mellitus

250.30 Diabetes with other coma, type II or unspecified type, not stated as uncontrolled convert 250.30 to ICD-10-CM 250.31 Diabetes with other coma, type I [juvenile type [icd9data.com]

[…] absolute lack of insulin ( eMedicine: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus [Accessed 8 December 2017] ) 10% of all cases Without insulin, patients develop diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), coma [pathologyoutlines.com]

or too low (hypoglycemic coma). [elderly.gov.hk]

Hypertensive Encephalopathy

(hepatic coma), psychiatric changes of varying degree, flapping tremor, and fetor hepaticus. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

This case report describes a 59-year-old male who presented with headaches, seizures and hypertension followed by coma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We report unusual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a diabetic patient with neglected hypertension and hyperglycemia, presenting with seizures and coma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Loss of consciousness, low Glasgow Coma Scale score, intubation requirement, elevated troponin and higher creatine kinase levels were possible prognostic factors for development [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Severe CO poisoning results in coma or encephalopathy, but milder intoxication may occur with nonspecific symptoms suggestive of hysteria, hyperventilation, psychosis, or [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Usual emergency room regimens routinely employ alkali in the treatment of academia, and there is a tendency to give large amounts of sodium bicarbonate to a patient in coma [archive.rubicon-foundation.org]

Brain Death

For patients under 3 years of age and unclear causes for a coma, modified criteria are used to determine brain death. [flexikon.doccheck.com]

However, postmortem revealed Cryptococcus neoformans meningoencephalitis as the cause of irreversible coma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Some comatose patients can recover to pre-coma or near pre-coma level of functioning, and some patients with severe irreversible neurological dysfunction will nonetheless [en.wikipedia.org]

Bacterial Encephalitis

The symptoms rapidly worsen, and there may be seizures (fits), confusion, drowsiness, and loss of consciousness, and even coma. [medicalnewstoday.com]

Encephalitis can lead to seizures and coma in later stages. [healthline.com]

Symptoms can range from listlessness, lethargy to coma. [braininjury-explanation.com]

Postinfectious Encephalomyelitis

[…] symptoms of ADEM appear rapidly, beginning with encephalitis-like symptoms such as fever, fatigue, headache, nausea and vomiting, and in the most severe cases, seizures and coma [malacards.org]

The symptoms rapidly worsen, and there may be seizures (fits), confusion, drowsiness, and loss of consciousness, and even coma. [medicalnewstoday.com]

The illness may progress to COMA and eventually be fatal. [mesh.kib.ki.se]

Brain Stem Hemorrhage

A 55-year-old man and a 65-year-old man were admitted with coma-producing brain stem hemorrhage accompanied by hyperthermia. Both underwent ventricular drainage. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Clinical manifestations may range from isolated deficits to coma. • Hypertension is the most common risk factor. • MRI may provide further detail and aid prognosis. • [medlink.com]

Clinical manifestations may include OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS; ATAXIA; PARALYSIS; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; and COMA. [ http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ontology/webulous#OPPL_pattern [ebi.ac.uk]