White Matter Lesions: Causes & Reasons

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Possible Causes for White Matter Lesions

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

lesions. [secure.ssa.gov]

CT or MRI may show cortical atrophy or white matter lesions. [en.wikipedia.org]

MRI can reveal multifocal white-matter lesions. Treatment The course of SSPE is variable, but it can last for years. There is no definitive treatment. [epilepsy.com]

Acute Intermittent Porphyria

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated multiple large contrast-enhancing subcortical white matter lesions, which regressed with glucose and hematin infusions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Brain magnetic resonance imaging white-matter lesions and cerebrospinal fluid findings in patients with acute intermittent porphyria. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

MRI studies in one showed white matter abnormalities that suggested selective postnatal involvement of cerebral oligodendrocytes [ Solis et al 2004 ]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Urea Cycle Disorder

Histopathologically, cortical atrophy, basal ganglia lesions and white matter damage may be observed. [symptoma.com]

Symmetric cystic lesions at the gray matter-white matter junction, especially in the sulcal depth of the frontal, parietal, hippocampal, and insular regions, are known early [ajnr.org]

[…] pathologic lesions resulting from hyperammonemic encephalopathy ( 13, 14 ). [ajnr.org]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 50

Those white matter lesions were mild and located in the periventricular white matter and centrum semiovale. [ajnr.org]

MRI of the brain disclosed white matter lesions affecting the basal ganglia and deep white matter and focal atrophy of the corpus callosum ( figure 1 ), while a full spine [ng.neurology.org]

There are occasional reports of mild to moderate atrophy of intracranial structures, particularly the corpus callosum, and also of white matter lesions in the cerebral hemispheres [jnnp.bmj.com]

Susac Syndrome

Results: All 27 patients had multifocal supratentorial white matter lesions including the corpus callosum. [n.neurology.org]

Conclusions: The MR scans in SS show a rather distinctive pattern of supratentorial white matter lesions that always involve the corpus callosum. [n.neurology.org]

Late-Onset Depression

The prevalence of larger subcortical white matter lesions was higher in patients with LOD compared with patients with EOD (47% vs 8%; p = 0.002). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

BACKGROUND: Cerebral white matter lesions (WMLs) are more common in individuals with late-onset or late-life depression. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Some white matter lesions may be vascular in origin. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Binswanger Disease

The white matter lesions are usually small, commonly grouped around the frontal and occipital horns and in the centrum semiovale. [radiopaedia.org]

[…] in the genesis of deep white matter lesions. [stroke.ahajournals.org]

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of MRI features of Binswanger's disease (BD), specifically MRI with diffuse white matter lesions and scattered multiple lacunes [zora.uzh.ch]

Acute Hepatic Porphyria

No-charge genetic testing for acute hepatic porphyria Alnylam has partnered with Invitae to offer genetic testing at no charge for individuals who may carry a gene mutation known to be associated with acute hepatic porphyria (AHP). On average, it takes up to 15 years from symptom onset for a patient to receive[…] [invitae.com]

CADASIL Syndrome

lesions on brain MRI. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

matter lesions subcortical infarcts in white matter, basal ganglia, and brain stem external capsules and temporal lobes are often affected Leukoencephalopathy is often present [en.wikibooks.org]

matter lesions are also seen in asymptomatic individuals with the mutated gene. [8] While MRI is not used to diagnose CADASIL, it can show the progression of white matter [ipfs.io]

Postinfectious Encephalomyelitis

Emerging white matter lesions with slight restricted diffusion but without Gadolinium (Gd) enhancement. [springerplus.springeropen.com]

Multiple lesions in the deep and subcortical white matter are common, which is characteristic of demyelination (gray matter lesions sometimes accompany white matter lesions [myelitis.org]

MRI lesion patterns are generally recognized, but in all cases lesions are multifocal and involve mainly the supratentorial white matter: 18 -multifocal lesions of less than [slideplayer.com]

Baló Concentric Sclerosis

A patient with a progressive left hemiparesis had a ring-enhancing, low-density right frontal white matter lesion. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Most of the white matter lesions also enhanced with contrast material. [ajnr.org]

Balo Concentric Sclerosis When attempting to characterize white matter lesions, important considerations include morphology and distribution, as well as patient demographics [jaocr.org]

Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

matter lesions [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Additional diffusion-weighted imaging revealed restricted diffusion in the white matter lesions with a reduced apparent diffusion coefficient. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Lesion load was negatively correlated with cortical and subcortical grey matter volumes, but not with total white matter volume. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Optic Neuritis

Axial, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) image demonstrates bilateral periventricular white matter lesions. [emedicine.com]

While AZOOR previously has been linked to MS and demyelinating white matter lesions in the brain, our case seems unique due to concurrent development of AZOOR and retrobulbar [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Eleven of the 29 patients (38%) had white matter T2/FLAIR (fluid-attenuated inversion recovery) lesions in the brain (not including the optic nerves). [emedicine.com]

Marchiafava-Bignami Disease

MRI of the brain demonstrated demyelination, edema and necrosis of the corpus callosum with extensive symmetrical subcortical white matter lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

An additional role could be played by microscopic white matter lesions and/or neocortical neuronal loss, which have been occasionally observed in post-mortem studies of MBD [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

matter lesions. [neurology.org]

Demyelinating Disease

Large, edematous white matter lesions were observed with the pathological feature of obvious demyelination yet preservation of astrocyte and axon, fundamentally different [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) -- characterized by more than one episode of neurologic deficits separated in time, attributable to CNS white matter lesions that are separated in [kobiljak.msu.edu]

MRI brain demonstrated one additional white matter lesion also consistent with a demyelinating process. Figure 1 MRI scans for case No 1 (A–I) and case No 2 (J–P). [jnnp.bmj.com]

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

matter lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

OBJECTIVE: To analyze SWI hypointensities recently described in U-fibers and cortex adjacent to the white matter lesions of PML. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

All three cases demonstrated the hyper-uptake of MET around the white matter lesions and hypo-uptake of FDG inside the lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis was confirmed by brain MRI which showed newly developed diffuse white matter lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We found a discrepancy between the lesion size and the clinical deficits of the patient, actually the clinical improvement antedated the regression of the white matter lesions [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

His clinical course was fluctuating and repeat imaging one week after presentation demonstrated interval development of characteristic white matter lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Hypoglycemic Encephalopathy

In addition to these lesions, which are consistent with hypoglycemia-induced brain damage, the cerebral white matter exhibited severe loss of myelin and axons with reactive [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] involving bilateral cerebral cortex while previous subcortical white matter lesions disappeared ( 1 ). [i-mri.org]

lesions involving bilateral cerebral cortex were found on DWI, while previous subcortical white matter lesions disappeared. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Retrobulbar Neuritis

We report the case of a 26-year-old woman who developed progressive left hemiplegia, mental dysfunction, and had extensive bilateral cerebral white matter lesions diagnosed [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Axial, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) image demonstrates bilateral periventricular white matter lesions. [emedicine.com]

In summary, she experienced two episodes of neurological deficit, had left hemiplegia and mental dysfunction associated with multiple lesions in bilateral cerebral white matter [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Microangiopathy

Classification The scale divides the white matter in periventricular and deep white matter, and region each is given a grade depending on the size and confluence of lesions [radiopaedia.org]

Scans were searched for white matter lesions and lacunar infarcts. [journals.plos.org]

It is associated with white matter lesions (WMLs), lacunar infarcts, and, more recently, microbleeds [2]–[4]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cerebral Cortical Atrophy

[…] volume occurred in patients with progressing white matter lesions, whereas no such decrease occurred in patients with nonprogressive white matter lesions [87, 88]. [smw.ch]

matter lesions. [stroke.ahajournals.org]

White matter lesions have been repeatedly associated with gait disturbances and mobility difficulties. [betterhealthwhileaging.net]

Encephalomyelitis

[…] have multiple lesions in the deep and subcortical white matter, characteristic of demyelination. • The periventricular white matter is often spared. 39. [slideshare.net]

MRI showed leptomeningeal, peripheral spinal cord and periventricular cerebral white matter lesions in the brain, and polymerase chain reaction on cerebrospinal fluid detected [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cerebral Angiitis

KW - Cerebral angiogram KW - MR imaging KW - Vasculitis KW - White matter lesion UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url? [scholars.northwestern.edu]

Multiple small deep infarcts, extensive deep white matter lesions, tumor-like lesions, or multiple gadolinium-enhanced lesions were observed only in PACNS, whereas cervical [n.neurology.org]

[…] in size and new lesions appeared in the thalami, mid brain and periventricular white matter. [ijri.org]

Vascular Dementia

It is primarily seen in patients with atherosclerosis and chronic hypertension and results from the accumulation of multiple white matter lesions or cortical infarcts, although [radiopaedia.org]

Moreover, increasing white matter lesions on imaging correlating with increasing cognitive decline is thought to be another feature in favour of vascular dementia 5. [radiopaedia.org]

matter lesions, and incomplete ischemic injury. [encyclopedia.com]

Periventricular Leukomalacia

Periventricular leukomalacia, inflammation and white matter lesions within the developing nervous system. Neuropathology, 22 pp. 106–132. [oro.open.ac.uk]

matter lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] of these two infants with severe PVL disclosed poorly developed metabolic activity in the primary sensorimotor cortex, while the MRI images displayed only periventricular white [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Jacobsen Syndrome

matter lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Introduction: White matter lesions can have many causes. Two half-sisters (same mother) were presented to us for further examination. [thieme-connect.com]

title = "A case of Jacobsen syndrome with multifocal white matter lesions", abstract = "Jacobsen syndrome is a rare disorder caused by partial deletions of the long arm [uthscsa.influuent.utsystem.edu]

Bonnemann-Meinecke-Reich Syndrome

Bonnemann et al. (1991) described 2 sibs with an encephalopathy, including intracerebral calcification and white matter lesions, dwarfism owing to growth hormone deficiency [omim.org]

The main clinical manifestations were progressive encephalopathy including intracranial calcification and white-matter lesions, dwarfism without growth hormone deficiency, [journals.sagepub.com]

Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline Bönnemann CG, Meinecke P., Reich H. : Encephalopathy with intracerebral calcification with white matter lesions, growth hormone deficiency [journals.sagepub.com]

Neuromyelitis Optica

Specifically, long corticospinal lesions, hemispheric cerebral white matter lesions and periependymal lesions in the diencephalon, dorsal brainstem and white matter adjacent [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

white matter lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

MRI disclosed multiple white matter lesions and a long cervical spinal cord lesion extending to the medulla oblongata. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia Type 64

Those white matter lesions were mild and located in the periventricular white matter and centrum semiovale. [ajnr.org]

Symmetrical periventricular white matter lesions were also seen on FLAIR images [Figure 2]. MRI of the spine done elsewhere was unremarkable. [neurologyindia.com]

Demyelination then spreads outward and cephalad as a confluent lesion until most of the cerebral white matter is affected. [vdocuments.mx]

Spinal Demyelination

[…] in the left occipital white matter lesions. [radiologykey.com]

The lesions of multiple sclerosis (MS) the lesions are scattered in the white matter, but often clustering near the ventricles. [dartmouth.edu]

[…] of marked hypointensity within the white matter lesions. 28. [slideshare.net]