After a month she presented with grayish transverse melanonychia along and parallel to the lunula with some maceration of the periungal folds. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Easy Bruising

  Tell your doctor right away if any of these rare but very serious side effects occur: stomach / abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, vomiting, signs of infection (e.g., fever, chills, persistent sore throat ), easy bruising/bleeding, mouth sores. [webmd.com]

  bruising/bleeding, mouth sores .A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. [medicinenet.com]

  Call your doctor at once if you have: signs of infection such as fever, chills, sore throat, flu symptoms; white patches or sores inside your mouth or throat, or on your lips; pale skin, easy bruising or bleeding (nosebleeds, bleeding gums, or any bleeding [emedicinehealth.com]

• Intravenous Administration

  In H22 tumor-bearing mice models, treatment with EMC-5-FU was more efficacious in tumor inhibition compared to 5-FU intravenous administration. [pubs.rsc.org]

  Intravenous administration of gastrointestinal toxicity is often limiting dose. On the contrary, huge doses of intravenous injection, white cell reduction is the dose limiting toxicity. [chemicalbook.com]

  Ninety percent of the dose is accounted for during the first 24 hours following intravenous administration. [web.archive.org]

• Burning Pain

  DN4 5 in 10 (burning, tingling, pricking and pain when brushing). The intensity of pain assessed by the visual numeric scale (VNS) was 10, maximum score. No myofascial tender points. [scielo.br]

  Tell your caregivers if you feel any burning, pain, or swelling around the IV needle when the medicine is injected. What happens if I miss a dose (Adrucil)? Contact your doctor if you miss an appointment for your fluorouracil injection. [emedicinehealth.com]

  Tell your nurse if you have any redness, burning, pain, swelling, or leaking of fluid where the drug is going into your body. This medicine may lower the ability of your bone marrow to make blood cells that your body needs. [drugs.com]

  Eye irritation might consist of burning, sensitivity, itching, stinging, and watering. If you are concerned about side effects, talk to your doctor. [rxwiki.com]

• Pathologist

  All pathology from outside institutions was reviewed by our institution's group of dedicated gynecologic pathologists. [journals.lww.com]

  The diagnosis must be confirmed by the pathologist on tissue obtained at either initial diagnosis or at time of recurrence prior to registration. [clinicaltrials.gov]

  […] practice, including increasing awareness and acceptance of the role of advanced practitioners in oncology practice. 55,56 To this end, ASCO offers multidisciplinary cancer management courses in academic and community settings for physicians, nurses, and pathologists [ascopost.com]

• Diarrhea

  Catechols/therapeutic use Chemokine CXCL1/metabolism* Colon/drug effects Colon/pathology Diarrhea/chemically induced Diarrhea/pathology Diarrhea/prevention & control* Disease Models, Animal Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  There are insufficient data on the risks of resumption of fluorouracil in patients with neurologic toxicity that has resolved. 5.5 Diarrhea Fluorouracil can cause severe diarrhea. [dailymed.nlm.nih.gov]

  Sun exposure: increased risk of phototoxicity Patient monitoring ☞ Watch for signs and symptoms of toxicity, especially stomatitis and diarrhea. If these occur, stop drug and notify prescriber. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Blurred Vision

  vision Hair thinning (it’s rare for it to completely fall out) Chipped, brittle and ridged nails Loss of appetite If you have had continuous infusions of fluorouracil over a long period you may develop redness and peeling on the palms of the hands and [pancreaticcanceraction.org]

  Blurred vision or other changes in eyesight Note: Not all possible side effects are included above. Warnings and Precautions Hand-and-foot syndrome. The palms of your hands or soles of your feet may tingle, become numb, painful, swollen, or red. [upmc.com]

• Blepharitis

  Inflammation of the optic nerve, eyes or eyelids (optic neuritis, conjunctivitis, blepharitis). Dehydration. Ulceration or bleeding in the gut. Irregular heart beats. Heart attack. Low blood pressure. Liver problems. [netdoctor.co.uk]

• Alopecia

  Alopecia and dermatitis commonly occur. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Revised SPC: Efudix Cream (fluorouracil) 10 January 2014 - Publisher: Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Europe Ltd Section 4.8 has been updated to include dysgeusia, conjunctival irritation, keratitis, increased lacrimation, urticarial and alopecia as undesirable [evidence.nhs.uk]

  Overdose and treatment Signs and symptoms of overdose include myelosuppression, diarrhea, alopecia, dermatitis, hyperpigmentation, nausea, and vomiting. [glowm.com]

  Alopecia and dermatitis may be seen in a substantial number of cases. The dermatitis most often seen is a pruritic maculopapular rash usually appearing on the extremities and less frequently on the trunk. [web.archive.org]

  However, patients receiving capecitabine plus oxaliplatin experienced less all-grade diarrhea and alopecia, and more neurosensory toxicity, vomiting, and HFS than with 5-FU/LV. [link.springer.com]

• Dermatitis

  Continue Related Articles Seborrheic Dermatitis in Skin of Color: Clinical Considerations.... [jddonline.com]

  The treatment had to be discontinued because of toxicity in four patients; one case of contact dermatitis, one case of erosive pustular dermatosis, and two cases of Grade 2 irritations. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Alopecia and dermatitis commonly occur. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Skin: reversible alopecia, dermatitis, erythema, scaling, pruritus, nail changes, pigmented palmar creases, erythematous contact dermatitis, desquamative rash of hands and feet with long-term use ("hand-foot syndrome"). [glowm.com]

  Read More Original Research A Cohort Study on a Ceramide-Containing Cleanser and Moisturizer Used for Atopic Dermatitis Author: Charles W. [mdedge.com]

• Blister

  I finished my treatment 5 nights ago and my face is very red (skin looks almost leathery), blistered, weeping and tender. [drugs.com]

  The skin may weep, peel, crack or even blister. This is a normal response to 5-FU. If the skin becomes very sore or uncomfortable please stop using the Efudix cream temporarily. [esms-mohs.eu]

  After a few days, the lesion becomes red and may even blister and weep. There may be some soreness. Tretinoin cream (Retin-A and others) enhances the effect of 5-fluorouracil by peeling off the top layer of skin. [medicinenet.com]

  The top layer of skin may bleed, blister and peel before it begins to heal. This reaction can be quite severe, but it is only temporary. Your doctor can prescribe a corticosteroid cream to help ease the discomfort. [patient.info]

• Skin Lesion

  Thus, we propose 5-FU and pemetrexed as the first-line therapy for advanced extramammary Paget's disease, especially for aged patients with unresectable skin lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  If you have a specific question or concern about a skin lesion or disease, please consult a dermatologist. [aocd.org]

  In early studies of patients with cancer undergoing treatment with systemic fluorouracil, clinicians noticed changes in skin appearance, which led to the development of a topical therapy for the treatment of actinic keratoses (skin lesions that may develop [news-medical.net]

  Am Fam Physician. 2010 May 15;81(10):1186-1188. to the editor : Actinic keratoses are premalignant skin lesions resulting from chronic sun damage. [aafp.org]

• Skin Rash

  One patient developed grade 3 thrombocytopenia and grade 3 skin rash that resolved with discontinuation of 5-FU and supportive care, while second patient developed grade 4 thrombocytopenia, grade 3 coagulopathy and grade 3 neurological toxicity with a [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Rarely, patients can be allergic to 5-FU cream and develop a severe allergic skin rash. Where can I get more information about 5-FU cream? Links to patient support groups: www.patient.co.uk/medicine/Fluorouracil-Cream.htm [esms-mohs.eu]

  The following symptoms are uncommon, but if you experience any of them, call your doctor immediately: severe stomach pain bloody diarrhea vomiting fever chills severe red skin rash Fluorouracil may cause other side effects. [nlm.nih.gov]

  Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible: allergic reactions like skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue low blood counts - this medicine may decrease the number of [my.clevelandclinic.org]

  Published studies have shown that workplace exposures to hazardous drugs can cause both acute and chronic health effects such as skin rashes, adverse reproductive outcomes (including infertility, spontaneous abortions, and congenital malformations), and [healthycanadians.gc.ca]

• Hot Flushes

  The development of treatment-induced amenorrhea and the consequent loss of ovarian function has a negative impact on the overall health of young breast cancer survivors, as it is associated with several side effects, such as hot flushes, sweats, breast [sciencedaily.com]

• Ataxia

  Neurologic symptoms included confusion, disorientation, ataxia, or visual disturbances. Withhold fluorouracil for neurologic toxicity. [dailymed.nlm.nih.gov]

  The generally described syndrome is central, with an acute brain disorder, characterized by ataxia, which can be accompanied by muscle weakness, bilateral paralysis of the oculomotor nerve and signs of involvement of the first motor neuron. [scielo.br]

  Reversible cerebellar ataxia occurs in 1% of patients, possibly is related to the dose, occur at any time of the treatment process (often a few months later). After Cerebellar signs in the withdrawal can be last for a few of weeks. [chemicalbook.com]

  Adverse reactions CNS: confusion, disorientation, euphoria, ataxia, headache, weakness, malaise, acute cerebellar syndrome or dysfunction CV: angina, myocardial ischemia, thrombophlebitis EENT: vision changes, photophobia, lacrimation, lacrimal duct stenosis [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Aphasia

  On Day 3 of his 5-FU infusion, he developed simultaneous cardiac arrhythmias, renal dysfunction, and aphasia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  These may include hallucinations, aphasia (an inability to speak and comprehend language), loss of bladder or bowel control, eyesight changes, or arrhythmia (heart rhythm disorders). [breastcancer.about.com]

• Dysesthesia

  Three months after the end of the cycle she reported burning pain and hand and foot dysesthesia with proximal irradiation and allodynia. She was referred to the Pain Clinic 2 years after the symptoms onset. [scielo.br]

• Dysmetria

  Symptoms include ataxia, nystagmus, and dysmetria. [24] Potential overdose [ edit ] There is very little difference between the minimum effective dose and maximum tolerated dose of 5-FU, and the drug exhibits marked individual pharmacokinetic variability [en.wikipedia.org]

It is also used in the treatment of actinic keratoses and bowen's disease. Further, it serves as a potent antineoplastic agent in clinical use. In addition to this, it acts as a DNA synthesis inhibitor. [fishersci.es]

Treatment efficacy assessment was based on a comparison of tumor measurements before and after 3 months of treatment. Treatment continued until progressive disease, or intolerable toxicity, or the patient declined treatment. [doi.org]

Albeit rarely, exacerbation of rosacea by topical 5-FU treatment has been described when 5-FU was introduced as a topical treatment for actinic keratosis.Conclusion Topical 5-FU has been associated with several adverse cutaneous events, including accentuation [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Owing to metastasis and resistance, the prognosis of colorectal cancerCRC patients remains extremely poor with chemotherapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Gorham disease (GD) is a rare osteolytic condition of unknown etiology that causes spontaneous, progressive bone resorption. The maxillofacial area is one of the regions most frequently involved in this disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The etiology of dysgeusia from chemotherapeutic agents and systemic absorption of fluorouracil is discussed. [jddonline.com]

Its etiology is unknown, and currently there is no cure... Read More [mdedge.com]

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, and the Obstetrics–Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. [journals.lww.com]

Epidemiology of solar keratoses. Br J Dermatol. 1994;131:455–464. 7. Berman B, Bienstock L, Kuritzky L, et al. Actinic keratoses: sequelae and treatments. Recommendations from a consensus panel. J Fam Pract. 2006;55(Suppl):1–8. 8. [jcadonline.com]

Author information 1 Department of Analytical Pathophysiology, Division of Pharmacy Professional Development and Research, Hoshi University. 2 Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute. 3 Department of Pharmacology, [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There is an unmet need for management of cardio-oncology conditions, which is predicted to reach epidemic proportions, and better understanding of their pathophysiology and treatment is urgently required. [icrjournal.com]

This association allows for a comparison between the pathophysiologies responsible for each of the clinical contexts and the use of similar therapeutic schemes. [scielo.br]

Stein A, Voigt W, Jordan K: Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea: Pathophysiology, frequency and guideline-based management. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2:51-63, 2010. 52. Adrucil (fluorouracil injection) Prescribing Information. [ascopost.com]

We found that rebamipide prevented 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced cell death in NHOK cells. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] or reduces its normal utilization. radiosensitizing agent A drug that makes increases the sensitivity of tumour cells to radiation therapy. antineoplastic agent A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. immunosuppressive agent [ebi.ac.uk]

Strategies for Prevention and Monitoring The prevention and monitoring of toxicities associated with methotrexate- and 5-FU–based chemotherapy regimens present a challenge to oncologists and advanced practitioners in oncology. [ascopost.com]