Presentation
A 29-year-old man presented with acute glomerulonephritis five weeks following completion of combined chemotherapy (bleomycin-vinblastine) and abdominal radiation for testicular carcinoma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
View larger version (205K) Fig. 2B. —73-year-old man who presented with central abdominal pain. [ajronline.org]
If bleeding occurs during middle or late pregnancy, placenta previa, which has similar symptoms, must be ruled out before pelvic examination is done; if placenta previa is present, examination may increase bleeding. [merckmanuals.com]
Interim results from the study of 26 individuals were presented by Danielle Novetsky Friedman at the 2016 Cancer Survivorship Symposium held in San Francisco. [curetoday.com]
Entire Body System
- Falling
If you've had abdominal trauma — from an auto accident, fall or other injury — seek immediate medical help. [mayoclinic.org]
Your body hair will fall out after about 2 weeks, but only in the area being treated. When your hair grows back, it may be different than before. [medlineplus.gov]
Your body hair will fall out after about 2 weeks, but ONLY in the area being treated. When your hair grows back, it may be different than before. [lutheranhealthcare.org]
- Hodgkin Lymphoma
The primary diagnoses were neuroblastoma (20 individuals), embryonal rhabdomysosarcoma (3), Wilms’ tumor, rhabdoid tumor and Hodgkin lymphoma (one of each). [oncnursingnews.com]
lymphoma and, to a lesser extent, breast and lung cancers. 15 The estimated relative risk of fatal cardiovascular events after mediastinal radiation ranges from 2.2 to 7.2 for Hodgkin lymphoma and 1.0 to 2.2 for left-sided breast cancer. 16 The risk [aafp.org]
View Article Google Scholar 5. van Waas M, Neggers SJ, Te Winkel ML, Beishuizen A, Pieters R, et al.. (2011) Endocrine late sequelae in long-term survivors of childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma. [journals.plos.org]
- Infertility
For infertility and sterility, these things need to be addressed prior to start of radiation treatments. Once the testes and ovaries have received radiation, if there is damage, this cannot be reversed. [mdanderson.org]
For women: Changes in menstruation, such as having menstruation stop Symptoms of menopause, such as vaginal itching, burning, and dryness Infertility, which is the inability to conceive a child or maintain a pregnancy. [cancer.net]
[…] sildenafil [Viagra], tadalafil [Cialis]) 42 – 44 ; counseling, therapy 45 Vaginal dryness and stenosis Cervical, endometrial, vaginal Age older than 50 years increases risk of stenosis 46 Lubrication 47 ; vaginal dilation 46 ; counseling, therapy 45 Infertility [aafp.org]
[…] treated) • Fatigue • Nausea with or without vomiting • Most disappear after treatment ends (some may be permanent) Chronic (Late) • May or may not occur • Fibrosis (replacement of normal tissue with scar tissue) • Damage to the bowels • Memory loss • Infertility [physio-pedia.com]
High doses can destroy up to all of a woman’s eggs, resulting in total infertility or early menopause. One option to help preserve fertility is called 'ovarian transposition', which involves moving the ovaries out of the field of radiation. [analcancerfoundation.org]
- Underweight
Twenty-three patients were normal or underweight and 20 patients had normal waist-to-height ratio. [oncnursingnews.com]
Gastrointestinal
- Recurrent Abdominal Pain
But we've all seen many patients who come to the ED for recurrent abdominal pain, some of whom carry known diagnoses, some of whom have repeatedly defied diagnosis. [content.time.com]
Abdominal pain. Nausea. Vomiting. Fever. Rectal bleeding. [cancer.gov]
- Chronic Abdominal Pain
Certainly for patients who have had chronic abdominal pain, seeing three CTs documented on the radiology system over the past year or so, we may rethink ordering that fourth CT, particularly if all other testing is normal. Dr. [content.time.com]
Skin
- Erythema
[…] incisional hernias) Peripheral or generalized edema Symptoms associated with increased abdominal distension Early satiety Weight gain Dyspnea Features of malnutrition; diarrhea Signs of underlying disease Enlarged liver, jaundice, spider angioma, palmar erythema [amboss.com]
Under some rare circumstances of prolonged, high-dose exposure, x-rays can cause other adverse health effects, such as skin erythema (reddening), skin tissue injury, and birth defects following in-utero exposure. [fda.gov]
[…] general agreement, and there are few controlled trials regarding prevention and treatment. 53 Furthermore, clinical practice is often based on anecdotal evidence, and patient advice is variable and often contradictory. 54 Early skin changes include erythema [aafp.org]
Hair follicles and sebaceous glands are damaged and may result in hair loss, pruritis, desquamation, dyspigmentation and scaling due to damage of the hair follicles Grade 2: persistent erythema or patchy moist desquamation in creases of the skin that [physio-pedia.com]
- Dry Skin
Care [5] - Avoid use of alcohol/drying agents, lotion, gel, or oil. [physio-pedia.com]
Neurologic
- Seizure
Symptoms: headache, changes in cognition and personality, focal neurological deficits and seizures. Myelopathy - results from radiation of the spinal cord. May present as Brown-Sequard syndrome or motor neuron syndrome. [physio-pedia.com]
Workup
METHODS: All subjects of this comparative study underwent a complete obstetrical clinical workup comprising history, general physical examination, abdominal and pelvic examination, and relevant investigations. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Inpatient Considerations Patients with suspected placental abruption should be admitted for workup until deemed clinically stable and ready for discharge/outpatient follow-up or delivered for medical indication. [unboundmedicine.com]
Campylobacter, and infectious colitis), complete blood count, and electrolyte profile.[ 30 ] This workup and treatment is also considered for patients who progress to grade 3 or 4 diarrhea while taking loperamide. [cancer.gov]
Radiological et al. [8] included enlargement of the width of the upper workup consisted of chest X-ray, CT scan of the ab- portion of the diaphragmatic boost fields to 18 to 20 cm domen and pelvis, and intravenous pyelogram (IVP). [docslide.net]
Treatment
CT treatment planning studies were obtained with the entire peritoneum identified as the target volume. Simulator designed blocks were projected over the CT scans throughout the treatment volume. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prognosis
The presence of associated concurrent fetal bradycardia carries a poorer prognosis. [radiopaedia.org]
The Prognosis: Pittsburgh has to consider itself fortunate that Marte’s injury wasn’t worse. [sportsnaut.com]
Clinical features and prognosis in dissecting aneurysm of the aorta. A re-appraisal. Circulation. 1967;35(5):880-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.35.5.880 DeBakey ME, Henly WS, Cooley DA, Morris GC, Crawford ES, Beall AC. [revcorsalud.sld.cu]
Etiology
Keywords Abdomen/radiation effects — Adenocarcinoma/etiology — Cecal Neoplasms/etiology — Humans — Male — Mesothelioma/etiology — Middle Aged — Neoplasms, Second Primary/etiology — Peritoneal Neoplasms/etiology — Radiotherapy/adverse effects — Seminoma [archive-ouverte.unige.ch]
Etiology Etiology Pathophysiology High SAAG ascites ≥ 1.1 g/dL (obsolete term: transudate) Portal hypertension Presinusoidal Splenic or portal vein thrombosis Schistosomiasis Sinusoidal Hepatic (common) Cirrhosis Alcohol-related liver disease Liver metastases [amboss.com]
Risk of placental abruption is higher if: History placental abruption in first pregnancy Hypertensive disorders in the index pregnancy At extremes of age in the reproductive window Etiology and Pathophysiology Acute Etiology of bleeding at the decidua [unboundmedicine.com]
Placental abruption is also called abruptio placentae. [1] [2] Etiology The exact etiology of placental abruption is unknown. However, a number of factors are associated with its occurrence. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Other features include: uterine contractions and irritability lumbar pain maternal/ fetal compromise secondary to exsanguination The exact etiology is unknown, but the final pathophysiology is likely to rupture of a spiral artery with hemorrhage into [radiopaedia.org]
Epidemiology
Garner MJ, Turner MC, Ghadirian P, Krewski D (2005) Epidemiology of testicular cancer: an overview. Int J Cancer 116 (3): 331–339. [nature.com]
Epidemiology and clinicopathology of aortic dissection. Chest. 2000;117(5):1271-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.117.5.1271 Lindsay J, Hurst JW. Clinical features and prognosis in dissecting aneurysm of the aorta. A re-appraisal. [revcorsalud.sld.cu]
In fact, according to a study conducted in San Francisco and published in the journal Epidemiology, you should pay close attention to how much electromagnetic radiation you are exposed to. [smartparenting.com.ph]
Placental abruption: epidemiology, risk factors and consequences. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2011;90(2):140–149. [PMID:21241259] Yang Q, Wen SW, Oppenheimer L, et al. [unboundmedicine.com]
Pathophysiology
The key factor in the pathophysiology is hemorrhage at the decidual-placental interface. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Other features include: uterine contractions and irritability lumbar pain maternal/ fetal compromise secondary to exsanguination The exact etiology is unknown, but the final pathophysiology is likely to rupture of a spiral artery with hemorrhage into [radiopaedia.org]
In: Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management. 10th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2016. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed March 23, 2016. Gastric cancer. [mayoclinic.org]
Etiology Etiology Pathophysiology High SAAG ascites ≥ 1.1 g/dL (obsolete term: transudate) Portal hypertension Presinusoidal Splenic or portal vein thrombosis Schistosomiasis Sinusoidal Hepatic (common) Cirrhosis Alcohol-related liver disease Liver metastases [amboss.com]
Risk of placental abruption is higher if: History placental abruption in first pregnancy Hypertensive disorders in the index pregnancy At extremes of age in the reproductive window Etiology and Pathophysiology Acute Etiology of bleeding at the decidua [unboundmedicine.com]
Prevention
The results are useful to the National Centre for Radiation Protection in Saudi Arabia and other professional organizations elsewhere, to set up safety protocols to prevent paediatric patients from needless radiation and to establish diagnostic reference [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
They will help position you and apply protective coverings to prevent radiation exposure to healthy tissue. Radiation is typically applied one or more times a week for several weeks. [asbestos.com]
It's not clear what causes gastroesophageal junction or stomach cancer, so there's no way to prevent it. [mayoclinic.org]
Radiation therapy — especially when combined with chemo drugs such as 5-FU — may delay or prevent cancer recurrence after surgery and may help patients live longer. [cancer.org]
Are there options to prevent or treat these side effects? Yes. Your health care team can help you prevent or treat many side effects. Preventing and treating side effects is an important part of cancer treatment. [cancer.net]