The main limitation of the present study is the low sample size and as such, the present findings must be considered preliminary in essence. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Only a general linear assignment was presented, which enabled us to determine the class that was used as the reference. [journals.plos.org]

Typically, this damage is resolved without serious complications and presents as delayed-onset muscle soreness, pain, and stiffness (4, 6). [journals.physiology.org]

In the present study, 316 subjects, including 168 athletes and 148 sedentary controls were genotyped for the ACTN3 R577X variant. [read.qxmd.com]

• Weakness

  Several studies indicate that certain variants can cause fatigue, muscle weakness and muscular cramps, however some even with these variants remain asymptomatic[26]. [encyclopedia.pub]

  Several non-modifiable factors such as age, previous injuries, muscle architecture and ethnicity [5,6] and modifiable factors such as flexibility [7], fatigue [3] or muscle weakness [5,8,9,10] can affect the risk of non-contact muscle injuries. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Our results showing an association of MLCK C49T with baseline strength, albeit weak, support the conclusion that the number of force-generating cross bridges during the contractions led to more damage and hence more CK and Mb release. [journals.physiology.org]

  A gene-gene interaction dendrogram in sports gymnastics performancea. aOrange line indicates weak positive interaction between clusters. [journals.plos.org]

• Fatigue

  Fatigue – general fatigue is poorly understood and may have multiple pathways; however a surplus of adenosine reduces alertness. Muscle cramping – this may be due to an increased lactate. [encyclopedia.pub]

  The genes ACTN3 and AMPD seem to report contradictory literature regarding its influence on WAnT peak power (PP), mean power and fatigue index. [mjssm.me]

  Several non-modifiable factors such as age, previous injuries, muscle architecture and ethnicity [5,6] and modifiable factors such as flexibility [7], fatigue [3] or muscle weakness [5,8,9,10] can affect the risk of non-contact muscle injuries. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Asymptomatic

  Regulation of skeletal muscle ATP catabolism by AMPD1 genotype during sprint exercise in asymptomatic subjects. Journal of Applied Physiology, 91(1), 258–264. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.91.1.258 O’Connor, D., Green, S., & Higgins, J. P. [mjssm.me]

  Several studies indicate that certain variants can cause fatigue, muscle weakness and muscular cramps, however some even with these variants remain asymptomatic[26]. [encyclopedia.pub]

• Swelling

  For example, Sayers et al. (31) reported six case studies of subjects who had experienced exaggerated responses to eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors that included severe arm swelling, profound strength loss (60–84%), slow recovery of strength, and [journals.physiology.org]

• Muscle Weakness

  Several studies indicate that certain variants can cause fatigue, muscle weakness and muscular cramps, however some even with these variants remain asymptomatic[26]. [encyclopedia.pub]

  Several non-modifiable factors such as age, previous injuries, muscle architecture and ethnicity [5,6] and modifiable factors such as flexibility [7], fatigue [3] or muscle weakness [5,8,9,10] can affect the risk of non-contact muscle injuries. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Muscle Strain

  Keywords: football, genetic, muscle strain, sports injury, elite athlete 1. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Muscle damage is not a function of muscle force but active muscle strain. J Appl Physiol 74: 520–526, 1993. Link | ISI | Google Scholar 18 Meltzer HY. [journals.physiology.org]

• Myopathy

  The ACTN3 R577X polymorphism is associated with inflammatory myopathies in a Mexican population. Scand. J. Rheumatol. 2012;41:396–400. doi: 10.3109/03009742.2012.669495. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Exclusion criteria included an occupation that required heavy weight lifting, participating in a resistance training program in the previous 6 mo, baseline blood values outside of normal range, known muscle disorders, existing myopathy, diabetes mellitus [journals.physiology.org]

• Suggestibility

  Taken together, the aforementioned information provides further support to the suggested protective mechanical role played by this protein as a scaffold at the sarcomeric Z line [23]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Furthermore, notwithstanding the context of gymnast recognition, no data suggesting any kind of interaction between ACTN3 and SNAP-25 is available in String-db [32]. [journals.plos.org]

  There have also been studies suggesting the T allele is slightly advantageous for endurance sports, but the results are not unequivocal and there is a low prevalence in highly successful Kenyan and Ethiopian endurance runners [7]. [encyclopedia.pub]

  There were more Asians homozygous for the 577X allele [17% (7/41)] than heterozygous [6% (9/78)], suggesting that ethnicity could be a factor in explaining the lower CKs in the XX group compared with the RR group; however, the samples size of Asians is [journals.physiology.org]

To account for any possible effects of sex, body mass, and treatment, analyses were covaried for sex, body mass, and treatment. [journals.physiology.org]

Platt, Christine E Schmidt, Paul M Coen, Siobhan Malany Microphysiological systems (MPS), also referred to as tissue chips, incorporating 3D skeletal myobundles are a novel approach for physiological and pharmacological studies to uncover new medical treatments [read.qxmd.com]

Current research that surrounds myostatin is based around its potential treatment in muscle wasting disorders, animals that have mutations in the encoding gene MSTN show greater muscle mass, strength and in some circumstances reduced bodyfat, which can [encyclopedia.pub]

In terms of prognosis, even a single genotype of a genetic polymorphism may be introduced as a biomarker of prevalence risk, like has been done for ischemic stroke [7]. [journals.plos.org]

Gene–gene and gene–environment interactions in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the population of Hyderabad, India. Meta Gene. 2015; 5: 9–20. pmid:26042206 View Article PubMed/NCBI Google Scholar 28. [journals.plos.org]

Effect of actn3 r577x genotype on injury epidemiology in elite endurance runners. Genes. 2021;12:76. doi: 10.3390/genes12010076. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 19. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The protein actually controls skeletal growth by restraining it, preventing muscles becoming excessively large[22]. [encyclopedia.pub]

Muscle Injury Guide: Prevention of and Return to Play from Muscle Injuries. FCB Marketing Department; Barcelona, Spain: 2018. pp. 1–189. [Google Scholar] 28. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Kathleen Y de Almeida, Tiago Cetolin, Andrea Rita Marrero, Aderbal Silva Aguiar Junior, Pedro Mohr, Naoki Kikuchi Muscle injuries are among the main reasons for medical leavings of soccer athletes, being a major concern within professional teams and their prevention [read.qxmd.com]