Critical Essential Core Tested Community Questions (3) (M2.OP.4868) A 22-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with itchy eyes. [medbullets.com]

However, such treatment resulted in rapid aggravation of catarrhal infiltrates at the corneal limbus. 2 Case presentation A 70-year-old woman presented to our hospital with ocular pain and redness of the left eye that had persisted for 3 days. [journals.lww.com]

3 factors were present, 76.4% of patients had a negative culture, and when 4 factors were present, 92.3% of patients had a negative culture result. [1] Bilateral versus unilateral disease Bilateral disease is typically infectious or allergic. [emedicine.medscape.com]

While bacterial conjunctivitis can present in only one eye, it is usually present in both eyes or will spread to the contralateral eye. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis can be associated with otitis media. [healio.com]

Presents a detailed exposition of the growing number of techniques for lamellar keratoplasty, including outcomes. Includes new sections on the latest developments in the management of ocular surface disease. [books.google.ro]

• Malaise

  […] usually described as burning or grittiness watering Eyelids may be stuck together in the morning and have to be bathed open Often unilateral at first, becoming bilateral, first eye usually more affected Blurred vision if central cornea involved Systemic malaise [college-optometrists.org]

  Constitutional sx include fever, malaise, nausea and vomiting. [hopkinsguides.com]

• Turkish

  This fact sheet is available in the following languages: Arabic, Assyrian, Burmese, Chinese (simplified), Chinese (traditional), English, Karen, Persian, Somali, Turkish and Vietnamese. [rch.org.au]

• Fatigue

  […] experience a self-limited illness, typically including the sudden onset of painful, swollen, red eyes with conjunctival hemorrhaging and excessive tearing; however, a small proportion of patients rapidly develop systemic symptoms 1, 4, such as fever, fatigue [nature.com]

• Rhinitis

  As chronic infection from associated chronic dacryocystitis, chronic rhinitis or chronic upper respiratory catarrh. 3. As a mild exogenous infection which results from direct contact, air-borne or material transfer of infection. [ophthalmologylife.blogspot.com]

  Nasal Spray on Spring Allergy Eye Symptoms Completed NCT00891436 Phase 4 Fluticasone furoate nasal spray;Placebo nasal spray 44 Safety Study of MK-3641 and MK-7243 Co-administered in Adult Participants With Ragweed and Grass Pollen Induced Allergic Rhinitis [malacards.org]

  The personal or family history is often positive for other atopic conditions, such as allergic rhinitis, asthma or eczema. [aafp.org]

  Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) 2008 update (in collaboration with the World Health Organization, GA(2)LEN and AllerGen). Allergy. Apr 2008;63 Suppl 86:8-160. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01620.x Singh K, Axelrod S, Bielory L. [superpharmacy.com.au]

  Symptoms include itchy eyes, watery or stringy discharge, chemosis, eyelid edema, rhinitis, and an “allergic shiner.” Chemosis (swelling of the conjunctiva) can be marked and may cause the cornea to appear as if it is sitting in a depression. [healio.com]

• Blepharitis

  Staphylococcus aureus and Moraxella lacunata may also cause chronic conjunctivitis in patients with associated blepharitis. [eyewiki.aao.org]

  Other causes of red eyes Reddened eyes can also be a symptom of: Blepharitis : This is a common inflammation of the eyelids that causes redness, irritation, and itching. There will also be dandruff-like scales on the eyelashes. [medicalnewstoday.com]

  Conjunctivitis may be confused with blepharitis, which is inflammation of the edges of the eyelids. [southerncross.co.nz]

  Most people who develop bacterial conjunctivitis, also have other eye conditions such as dry eyes or inflammation of the eyelids (blepharitis). [djo.harvard.edu]

  In addition, the patient exhibited 1+ blepharitis on both upper and lower eyelids. The anterior chamber exhibited 3+ cellular reaction with mild cyclitic membrane formation (Fig. 1A and B). [journals.lww.com]

• Blurred Vision

  vision Increased sensitivity to light Cleveland Clinic News & More Cleveland Clinic News & More [my.clevelandclinic.org]

  In a small number of cases viral conjunctivitis can lead to the development of small opaque areas within the cornea (the clear window at the front of the eye), which can cause blurred vision. [college-optometrists.org]

  This discharge often forms a crust across the eyelids overnight. 6 If the discharge is particularly thick, it may blur vision. Once the discharge is washed away, however, vision returns to normal. [pharmacytimes.com]

  History of Present Illness: 23-year-old healthy white male presented with 6-week duration of red eyes associated with mild discharge, foreign body sensation, tearing, blurred vision, and swollen eye lids. [webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu]

  An antibiotic eye ointment is sometimes used in children as this can be easier to administer, although it can blur vision for a short time after application. [visioneyeinstitute.com.au]

• Excessive Tearing

  The viral form of pink eye remains contagious until the eye is no longer red or producing excess tears. [quidel.com]

  Conjunctivitis symptoms Conjunctivitis leads to: Eye irritation and redness Excessive tears in the eyes A discharge with pus Swelling of the eyelids Photophobia (you can’t tolerate looking into sunlight). [betterhealth.vic.gov.au]

  Allergic conjunctivitis affects both eyes and causes itching and redness in the eyes, as well as excessive tearing. [averyrancheyecare.com]

  […] time and, in babies, a blocked tear duct. [visioneyeinstitute.com.au]

  Signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis If your child has conjunctivitis, they may have: a red or pink eye (or both eyes) redness behind the eyelid swelling of the eyelids, making them appear puffy excessive tears a yellow-green discharge from the eye which [rch.org.au]

• Conjunctival Injection

  The conjunctival discharge is copious, thick, and purulent, and the conjunctival injection is moderate or marked. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  injection OU, follicular reaction involving the bulbar conjunctiva and semilunar folds, absence of conjunctival membrane. [webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu]

  injection Palpebral conjunctival papillary reaction Muco-purulent or watery discharge Chemosis Lid erythema Diagnostic procedures Gram stain & Cultures: Primarily used in cases of atypical conjunctivitis such as hyperacute or chronic/non-responding. [eyewiki.aao.org]

  Conjunctival injection, redness and serous or purulent discharge. Preauricular adenopathy is common. Constitutional sx include fever, malaise, nausea and vomiting. [hopkinsguides.com]

  Patients demonstrate marked conjunctival injection, conjunctival chemosis (excessive edema), lid swelling and tender preauricular adenopathy. [aafp.org]

• Burning Eyes

  […] from your eye (green or white) Itchy eyes (especially in pink eye caused by allergies ) Burning eyes (especially in pink eye caused by chemicals and irritants) Blurred vision Increased sensitivity to light Cleveland Clinic News & More Cleveland Clinic [my.clevelandclinic.org]

  If you have pink eye, you might also: have tears have a discharge, usually yellow or green, and crusty lashes, usually worse on waking have itchy or burning eyes be sensitive to light Check your symptoms with healthdirect’s Symptom Checker to get advice [healthdirect.gov.au]

  Green or white discharge from the eye Itchy eyes Burning eyes Blurred vision More sensitive to light Swollen lymph nodes (often from a viral infection ) When to Call Your Doctor Make the call if: There’s a lot of yellow or green discharge from your eye [webmd.com]

• Confusion

  Conjunctivitis may be confused with blepharitis, which is inflammation of the edges of the eyelids. [southerncross.co.nz]

  But this can cause some confusion because patients or parents are advised that the infection is no longer contagious after 24 hours of beginning antibiotics, and they go back to school or work — but that is only true for bacterial pink eye, which isn’ [draxe.com]

• Chlamydia

  […] people Acute disease is commonly unilateral with hyperemia and purulent discharge and caused by Chlamydia trachomatis subtypes D-K Many patients will have a more mild prolonged course Most cases have a genital infection caused by chlamydia just prior [cdc.gov]

  Bacterial causes include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus species, and, less commonly, Chlamydia trachomatis. Bacterial conjunctivitis is sometimes caused by a sexually transmitted infection (STI), such as Chlamydia. [medicalnewstoday.com]

  Quite possibly, you'll also be tested for common diseases like chlamydia, gonorrhea, and herpes simplex. [medbroadcast.com]

  Fusidic Acid (Common treatment in the UK; not used in the US) For Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis, systemic antibiotics are necessary as follows: Chlamydia: Macrolides: Azithromycin (1gm single dose) or Erythromycin Tetracyclines: Doxycycline [eyewiki.aao.org]

  Conjunctivitis in newborn babies can be caused by germs called chlamydia or gonorrhoea. These are sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in adults; babies can acquire them from the birth canal during childbirth. [patient.info]

• Chlamydia Trachomatis

  Called also gonorrheal ophthalmia. inclusion conjunctivitis a type of conjunctivitis primarily affecting newborn infants, caused by a strain of Chlamydia trachomatis, beginning as an acute purulent form and leading to papillary hypertrophy of the palpebral [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  […] people Acute disease is commonly unilateral with hyperemia and purulent discharge and caused by Chlamydia trachomatis subtypes D-K Many patients will have a more mild prolonged course Most cases have a genital infection caused by chlamydia just prior [cdc.gov]

  Fusidic Acid (Common treatment in the UK; not used in the US) For Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis, systemic antibiotics are necessary as follows: Chlamydia: Macrolides: Azithromycin (1gm single dose) or Erythromycin Tetracyclines: Doxycycline [eyewiki.aao.org]

  Chlamydia Trachomatis Chlamydial infection can also cause conjunctivitis. Chlamydia trachomatis is a bacteria of which there are multiple serotypes. [visionaware.org]

  Bacterial conjunctivitis is usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus sp, or, less commonly, Chlamydia trachomatis (see Trachoma ). [msdmanuals.com]

• Streptococcus Pneumoniae

  pneumoniae, one common cause of bacterial conjunctivitis. [cdc.gov]

  Acute bacterial conjunctivitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. FIGURE 5. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. [aafp.org]

  An outbreak of conjunctivitis due to atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae. N Engl J Med. Mar 20 2003;348(12):1112-1121. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa022521 Hovding G. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis. Acta Ophthalmol. [superpharmacy.com.au]

  Bacterial conjunctivitis is usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus sp, or, less commonly, Chlamydia trachomatis (see Trachoma ). [msdmanuals.com]

  Bacterial causes include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus species, and, less commonly, Chlamydia trachomatis. Bacterial conjunctivitis is sometimes caused by a sexually transmitted infection (STI), such as Chlamydia. [medicalnewstoday.com]

• Neisseria Gonorrhoeae

  Hyperacute conjunctivitis is primarily due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which is a sexually transmitted disease. [eyewiki.aao.org]

  Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes gonococcal conjunctivitis, which usually results from sexual contact with a person who has a genital infection. [msdmanuals.com]

  Neonatal hyperacute purulent conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. FIGURE 4. Neonatal hyperacute purulent conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. [aafp.org]

  gonorrhoeae in sexually active adults Can lead to vision loss if not treated promptly by an eye doctor [ 1 ] Chronic bacterial conjunctivitis Defined as symptoms lasting for at least 4 weeks Often happens along with blepharitis, inflammation of the eyelid [cdc.gov]

[…] status NCT02595606 Phase 4 0.3% Sodium Hyaluronate 16 Topical Cyclosporine for the Treatment of Dry Eye in Patients Infected With the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Unknown status NCT00797030 Phase 4 cyclosporine and sodium carboximethycellulose;sodium [malacards.org]

Treatment Nearly half of cases of infective conjunctivitis resolve without medical treatment within 2 weeks, and a doctor may suggest watching and waiting. [medicalnewstoday.com]

Here is a link to a website which describes a home treatment for pink eye: http://www.webmd.com/eye-health/tc/pinkeye-home-treatment More discussions about acute contagious conjunctivitis [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Because toxicity may occur, treatment is rarely continued longer than two to three weeks—except with a corneal transplant patient in need of prolonged treatment. [reviewofoptometry.com]

Large medical need for treatment for EKC Survey among European ophthalmologists highlights that there is a large unmet medical need for treatment of EKC. [adenovir.com]

[…] habitats The local healthcare providers and local public health authorities have to ensure that the residents of a region are generally well-informed and made aware of basic preventive measures and precautions to be taken during an AHC outbreak What is the Prognosis [dovemed.com]

This study also investigated how it could be determined that conjunctivitis is not likely to be of bacterial etiology. [healio.com]

Etiology A. Predisposing factors 1. Chronic exposure to dust, smoke, and chemical irritants. 2. Local cause of irritation such as trichiasis, concretions, foreign body and seborrhoeic scales. 3. [ophthalmologylife.blogspot.com]

Physical Clues to the Etiology of Conjunctivitis The patient should be examined in a well-lit room. [aafp.org]

Discuss the most common etiologic agents of conjunctivitis in various age groups. Describe the clinical manifestations for various types of conjunctivitis. Determine appropriate treatment and whether ophthalmology referral is indicated. [pedsinreview.aappublications.org]

Physical examination may also include a visual acuity test to determine the condition’s effect on vision. 6,7 Table: Conjunctivitis Differentiating Features Etiology Discharge Eyelid Edema Node Involvement Itching Allergic Watery Mild/severe None Mild [pharmacytimes.com]

Epidemiology In children, bacterial conjunctivitis is more common than viral Viral conjunctivitis is highly contagious Sites Bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva Clinical features Bacterial: itching, tearing, redness, purulent discharge, matting of eyelids [pathologyoutlines.com]

L.Z. and X.H. contributed to the epidemiological analyses and wrote the manuscript. X.J. and N.Z. were responsible for the viral laboratory analyses. [nature.com]

Epidemiology and diagnosis of acute conjunctivitis at an inner-city hospital. Ophthalmology. Aug 1989;96(8):1215-1220. Rietveld RP, ter Riet G, Bindels PJ, Sloos JH, van Weert HC. [superpharmacy.com.au]

Epidemiology and diagnosis of acute conjunctivitis at an inner-city hospital. Ophthalmol 1989;96:1215-1220. Katusic D, Petricek I, and Mandic Z, et al. Azithromycin vs. doxycycline in the treatment of inclusion conjunctivitis. [webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu]

Adenovirus conjunctivitis is a reportable infection in Germany and is classified as a Category IV infectious disease by Japan’s National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Diseases (NESID) with mandated collection, analysis and publication of [adenovir.com]

This will prevent the spread of infection to other children. The incidence of conjunctivitis decreases with age. [betterhealth.vic.gov.au]

Urgent medical attention is needed to prevent complications and identify and treat any underlying conditions. [medicalnewstoday.com]

Blurred vision or sensitivity to light A gritty feeling in your eye Prevention The best way to prevent viral and bacterial conjunctivitis is to wash your hands frequently and avoid touching your eyes. [visionweb.com]

Good hygiene is extremely important, as it will help to prevent the spread of conjunctivitis. [visioneyeinstitute.com.au]