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Acute Disease
Acute Disease/disorder

Presentation

Patients with malnutrition presented an increased prevalence of dysphagia (68.4% (95% CI 63.3-73.4)). Patients with dysphagia and patients with malnutrition presented increased intrahospital, 6-month and 1-year mortality rates (p < 0.05). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Fig. 1 Color fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, and ultrasonography at presentation. a Fundus photograph of the right eye at presentation shows optic disc hyperemia and peripapillary exudative retinal detachment. b Fundus photograph of [joii-journal.springeropen.com]

Presentation The patient may present with the cause of the exacerbation (eg, local infection), features of chronic failure or may present with AKI. [patient.info]

Entire Body System

  • Acutely Ill Patient

    Other serologic studies demonstrated that all acutely ill patients had circulating anti-HAV IgM, while all convalescent patients were positive for anti-HAV IgG. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    Acutely ill patients require stabilisation and transfer and admission to an acute care setting. This may involve advocating for the admission of the patient. Continuity of care for seriously ill patients requires the use of handover skills. [curriculum.racgp.org.au]

    Guideline development process How we develop NICE guidelines This guideline was previously called acutely ill patients in hospital: recognition of and response to acute illness in adults in hospital. [nice.org.uk]

    NEWS2 has received formal endorsement from NHS England and NHS Improvement to become the early warning system for identifying acutely ill patients – including those with sepsis – in hospitals in England. [rcplondon.ac.uk]

    Published on Nov 26, 2008 This lecture is about the chronic and acutely ill patient\'s experience. This presentation was give to 1st year pharmacy students. 1. Social & Behavioral Aspects of Illness: Acute and Chronic Illness C. [slideshare.net]

  • Malaise

    Symptoms of typical acute diseases include: Nasal congestion Runny nose Cough Chills Fever Body aches Sore throat Malaise Nausea Some acute diseases require immediate medical attention. [lockhartfamilymedicine.com]

    The cytokines produced early in infection lead to classical symptoms of an acute infection: aches, pains, fever, malaise, and nausea. [virology.ws]

    It is a mild upper respiratory viral illness that may include some or all of the following symptoms: sneezing, rhinorrhea, sore throat, cough, low-grade fever, headache, and malaise. [annals.org]

    Typical cases of acute HAV infection are marked by several weeks of malaise, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and elevated aminotransferase levels. Jaundice develops in more severe cases. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Cardiovascular

  • Tachycardia

    Affected individuals may also experience a faster than normal heart rate (tachycardia) and irregular heartbeats (cardiac arrhythmias). Seizures have also been reported. [rarediseases.org]

    Sinus tachycardia, mild hypertension, hyperventilation, mydriasis, and peripheral cynaosis were commonly observed in early stages of illness. [cdc.gov]

    […] tenderness: Variably present Change in liver span: May be small due to hepatic necrosis or may be enlarged due to heart failure, viral hepatitis, or Budd-Chiari syndrome Hematemesis or melena: Due to upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding Hypotension and tachycardia [emedicine.medscape.com]

    For healthy immunocompetent adults younger than 70 years, pneumonia is unlikely in the absence of all of the following clinical criteria: tachycardia (heart rate >100 beats/min), tachypnea (respiratory rate >24 breaths/min), fever (oral temperature >38 [annals.org]

    […] disease Hypertension Lyme disease Mental illness Multiple sclerosis Myalgic encephalomyelitis ( a.k.a. chronic fatigue syndrome) Narcolepsy Obesity Osteoporosis Parkinson's disease Periodontal disease Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Postural orthostatic tachycardia [en.m.wikipedia.org]

Workup

Acute Kidney Injury Workup. Medscape Reference. Available online at http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/243492-workup#c13. Accessed May 2016. (April 2014) Seaborg E. New Biomarkers Offer Hope for Identifying Acute Kidney Injury Risk. [labtestsonline.org]

Such asymmetry being atypical, a workup was ordered to rule out conditions mimicking VKH disease. [joii-journal.springeropen.com]

The most important step in the assessment of patients with acute liver failure is to identify the cause, as certain causes demand immediate and specific treatment (see Workup ). [emedicine.medscape.com]

Clinical Testing and Workup Screening tests to measure the levels of the porphyrin precursor porphobilinogen (PBG) in urine are essential to confirm a diagnosis of acute porphyria. [rarediseases.org]

The rationale for selecting 48 h rather than 72 h to define rapid reversal is to better identify high-risk patients for whom additional workup and evaluation might be warranted. [nature.com]

Treatment

Antibiotics are often given to treat these lung infections, but there is no worldwide standard treatment. [cochrane.org]

despite treatment before or after day 5 of illness. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

All patients presented with life-threatening symptoms requiring treatment with stent-grafts from the emergency kit. All were at high surgical risk due to serious comorbidities. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment consists of rest, fluids and over-the-counter medications for cough and inflammation. [livestrong.com]

The primary goal of your doctor’s visit will be to diagnose your illness and initiate a plan for treatment. Most acute diseases respond well to treatments and therapies, but the extent of your treatment will depend on the severity of your disease. [campmedicine.org]

Prognosis

Xiang-Fen Ji, Xin-You Li, Yu-Chen Fan, Ze-Hua Zhao, Shuai Gao, Feng-Kai Sun, Jing Zhao and Kai Wang, Serum wnt5a is a predictor for the prognosis of acute on chronic hepatitis B liver failure, Biomarkers, 20, 1, (26), (2015). [doi.org]

Prognostic - Some clinical findings such as high systolic blood pressure or poor glucose tolerance may be symptomless and yet carry an adverse prognosis. [bmj.com]

Patients with acute liver failure caused by acetaminophen have a better prognosis than those with an indeterminate form of the disorder. Patients with stage 3 or 4 encephalopathy have a poor prognosis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

[…] aortic injury Long-term surveillance in traumatic aortic injury Iatrogenic aortic dissection Aortic aneurysms Thoracic aortic aneurysms Abdominal aortic aneurysm Definition Risk factors Natural history Diagnosis Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair Long-term prognosis [escardio.org]

Etiology

This study again demonstrates the high burden of acute manifestations of lymphatic filariasis, and provides new information on risk factors, which may lead to better understanding of etiology and control prospects. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Nearly 15% of cases remain of indeterminate etiology. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Use of laparoscopy to determine the microbiologic etiology of acute salpingitis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 134: 781, 1979 119 Mardh P-A, Westrom L. [glowm.com]

Environmental studies were performed to evaluate possible toxic etiologies. [cdc.gov]

Epidemiology

The Acute Disease Epidemiology Section houses several infectious disease-specific Surveillance Teams. [dph.georgia.gov]

OBJECTIVE: The objectives of epidemiological surveillance and research of infectious diseases are to address disease prevention, identify outbreaks and monitor and evaluate control strategies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Outbreak Investigations The epidemiologists of the Acute Disease Service respond statewide to conduct epidemiologic investigations of unusual disease clusters and outbreaks of infectious diseases. [ok.gov]

Acute illnesses usually respond to therapy; a return to a state of complete—pre-morbid—health is the norm. acute disease Epidemiology Any condition—eg infection, trauma, pregnancy, fracture, with a short, often < 1 month clinical course; ADs usually respond [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Pathophysiology

For patients in whom pathophysiologic processes are ongoing, the term acute kidney disease (AKD) has been proposed to define the course of disease after AKI; however, definitions of AKD and strategies for the management of patients with AKD are not currently [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Each protocol contains: An introduction to the metabolic disorder A description of the pathophysiology involved Presentation of symptoms in the patient Assessments needed for correct diagnosis Detailed therapeutic strategies and potential side effects [newenglandconsortium.org]

However, although there is increasing evidence that cytokines play a major role in the development of ACLF, the pathophysiology remains complex and poorly understood. [doi.org]

licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014 Received: 16 June 2014 Accepted: 30 October 2014 Published: 20 November 2014 Abstract Background Global gene expression profiling can provide insight into the underlying pathophysiology of disease processes. [genomemedicine.biomedcentral.com]

Prevention

Quick reference guides cover the following topics: Primary prevention of ARF Diagnosis of ARF Management of ARF Secondary prevention of ARF Management of RHD RHD in pregnancy RHD control programs Access the guidelines and quick reference guides on the [heartfoundation.org.au]

The best way to prevent repeat episodes of ARF and prevent further damage to heart valves is by having penicillin injections every 21 to 28 days. [healthywa.wa.gov.au]

This enables the Oklahoma State Department of Health to evaluate and target our control, education, and prevention efforts across Oklahoma. [ok.gov]

Although this may not ease your own symptoms, it will prevent you from spreading infectious diseases. Avoid touching your face, especially your eyes and mouth, to prevent introducing germs into your system. [healthline.com]

Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 1 CD000980, ,, ,,. Echinacea for preventing and treating the common cold. [annals.org]

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