Presentation
Results: The patient presented with mild, then rapidly worsening, brainstem impairment to a locked-in syndrome. [mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com]
The patient presented with mild, then rapidly worsening, brainstem impairment to a locked-in syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
A 19‐year‐old man presented with sudden onset altered sensorium, seizures, and focal neurological deficit after 2 weeks of fever and malaise. [ingentaconnect.com]
Patients present with fever, neck stiffness, fatigue, headache, nausea and vomiting, seizures and coma. A history of upper respiratory infection prior to presenting neurologic symptoms (interval 2 to 12 days) may be present in ~50% of cases 4. [radiopaedia.org]
Entire Body System
- Unconsciousness
She was referred in an unconscious state. On examination, she was febrile 101°F blood pressure 110/70 mm Hg. She had purulent discharge from the suture wound. She was comatose with small size pupils reacting to light and normal doll's eye movements. [jdrntruhs.org]
Neurologic
- Headache
A 37-year-old female physician was admitted to the hospital with severe headache, facial and hand paresthesias, dysarthria, and ataxia. Neurologic examination disclosed signs of brain stem dysfunction. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Almost always preceded by a respiratory infection, characterized by the abrupt onset of fever, headache, confusion, and nuchal rigidity, soon followed by focal seizures, hemiplegia, or quadriplegia, brainstem findings, and coma; the CSF shows evidence [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
Symptoms usually come on quickly, beginning with symptoms such as fever, neck stiffness, fatigue, headache, nausea vomiting, seizures, and coma. [diseaseinfosearch.org]
Symptoms usually come on quickly and may include fever, neck stiffness, fatigue, headache, nausea, vomiting, seizures, and coma. [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]
Patients present with fever, neck stiffness, fatigue, headache, nausea and vomiting, seizures and coma. A history of upper respiratory infection prior to presenting neurologic symptoms (interval 2 to 12 days) may be present in ~50% of cases 4. [radiopaedia.org]
- Stupor
During the following 2 days, he developed a left-sided hemiparesis, and became stuporous. [thieme-connect.com]
Clinical presentation is characterized by the abrupt onset of fever and headache, followed by a rapid progression to stupor or coma. The CSF pressure is typically elevated and analysis reveals numerous neutrophils. [path.upmc.edu]
Most patients with ADEM will recover but AHLE progresses rapidly from confusion to stupor to coma; death usually occurs an average of six days after the onset of symptoms. [ispub.com]
[…] encephalopathy among patients in intensive care units. [1] Encephalopathy is a diffuse cerebral dysfunction characterized by altered consciousness an acute onset of an impairment of cognitive function, which can vary from inattention, disorientation, agitation, stupor [jdrntruhs.org]
The three cases died due to; myalgia, jaundice, conjunctival hemorrhage, hematuria, oliguria, shortness of breath, became stuporous, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute kidney injury and metabolic acidosis [ 55 ], intracranial tension [ [journals.plos.org]
- Altered Mental Status
Children younger than 2 years 78. • Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis • Presents with – Altered mental status/encephalopathy (irritability to obtunded) – Acute/subacute onset of focal symptoms based on lesions (max neuro symptoms over 4-7 days) – Typically [slideshare.net]
Thus, it results in an altered mental status and focal neurologic findings in ADEM patient such as paralysis [ 3 ]. Although ADEM causes a significant impact on dengue patients, data about this complication is still lacking. [journals.plos.org]
- Cognitive Impairment
REVIEW MANSARE Mohamed Lelouma, ATSA KOUDA Daniel Claude, DIALLO Ibrahima Mariama, NTENGA Patrice, BOUBACAR Soumaïla, GAMS Massi Daniel, NDIAYE Mouhamadou Mansour TROUBLES COGNITIFS POST ACCIDENTS VASCULAIRES CEREBRAUX A DOUALA (CAMEROUN) POST STROKE COGNITIVE [ajns.paans.org]
While earlier studies reported mortality of 20% and significant morbidity amongst survivors, recent reports suggest excellent outcomes, especially in children. [7], [10], [13], [14] Visual impairment, weakness, lower urinary tract dysfunction, cognitive [annalsofian.org]
Workup
Extensive clinical workup of two patients presenting with AHLE revealed complement abnormalities, specifically related to the alternative pathway and its regulator, FI. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Presents with – Altered mental status/encephalopathy (irritability to obtunded) – Acute/subacute onset of focal symptoms based on lesions (max neuro symptoms over 4-7 days) – Typically still during febrile illness (typically URI) – 1/3 with seizures • Workup [slideshare.net]
Cytology
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Abnormality
The child was treated with high dose intravenous steroids and made a full recovery, with a parallel disappearance of all of her cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities and almost all of her abnormalities on MRI. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Microbiology
- Toxoplasma Gondii
Toxoplasma gondii 280. Giardia lamblia 281. Trichomonas vaginalis 282. Babesia Specii 283. Cryptosporidium Specii 284. Isospora belli, Sarcocystis Specii, Blastocystis hominis și Cyclospora Secțiunea I. Boli Datorită Toxic Alge 285. [euro-libris.ro]
Other ECG Findings
- Ischemic Changes
changes adjacent to necrotic postcapillary venules hemorrhage more prominent than demyelination no specific immunohistochemical pattern 4 MRI This is the gold-standard and may depict aforementioned morphologic changes such as: large tumefactive lesions [radiopaedia.org]
Treatment
The treatment was interrupted because of side effects. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prognosis
Aggressive surgical and medical therapy, including high-dose corticosteroid therapy and continuous intracranial pressure monitoring may yield favorable outcomes in an entity previously associated with dismal neurologic prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prognosis - Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis AHL has a very poor prognosis, with rapid deterioration and death usually occurring within days to one week after onset of symptoms because of severe inflammation in the brain. [checkorphan.org]
Treatment and prognosis Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis is associated with a very poor prognosis with the majority of affected individuals succumbing to the disease. [radiopaedia.org]
Etiology
Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10coded.com]
Clinical, clinico-pathologic, and pathologic aspects of the disease are discussed, and etiologic factors mentioned. Some thoughts on the relationship of this disease to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis are mentioned. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
[…] coma; the CSF shows evidence of an inflammatory process; due to the massive destruction of the white matter of one or both hemispheres, often accompanied by similar destruction of the white matter of the brainstem and cerebellar peduncles; of unknown etiology [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
Epidemiology
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in childhood: epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004;23:756-764. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15295226 Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N. [rarediseases.org]
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in childhood: epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004 ; 23 ( 8 ): 756 – 64. 2. Tenembaum, S, Chamoles, N, Fejerman, N. [cambridge.org]
[1] Poser C., The epidemiology of multiple sclerosis: a general overview, Ann. Neurol.,1994, 36, S231–S243 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.410360810 Crossref Google Scholar [2] Brinar V. [degruyter.com]
[…] grading and staging of metastasis, the clonal origin of cancer, the growth of cancers, the molecular genetics of cancers, viruses and human cencer, chemical carcinogenesis, physical carcinogenesis, tumor immunology, systemic effects of cancer on the host, epidemiology [departamentmorfologie.ro]
Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis: From risk factors to prevention. Semin Neurol 2008;28:17-28. 7. Panicker JN. Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: Clinical Profile and Predictors of Outcome (Dissertation). [mamcjms.in]
Pathophysiology
Most often described as a post-infectious complication of an upper respiratory illness, its precise pathophysiology remains unclear. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Physiopathologie Virus lent Encéphale pathologie Infection Maladie inflammatoire Système nerveux central pathologie Système nerveux pathologie Virose Virus Keyword (en) Diagnosis Case study Evolution Exploration Continuing education Human Hurst disease Death Pathophysiology [pascal-francis.inist.fr]
Vartanian replies: To the Editor: The pathophysiology of necrotizing angiitis in patients with acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis is poorly understood. [nejm.org]
[…] to be 0.4–0.8/100,000 and the disease more commonly affects children and young adults, probably related to the high frequency of exanthematous and other infections and vaccination in this age group. [6], [7], [8], [9], [10] In dengue infection, the pathophysiology [mamcjms.in]
Prevention
Prevention - Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis Not supplied. Diagnosis - Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis Not supplied. [checkorphan.org]
Page 396 - Fox JW, Lamperti ED, Eksioglu YZ, Hong SE, Feng Y, Graham DA, Scheffer IE, Dobyns WB, Hirsch BA, Radtke RA, Berkovic SF, Huttenlocher PR, Walsh CA (1998): Mutations in filamin 1 prevent migration of cerebral cortical ceurons in human periventricular [books.google.com]
Is chronic lung disease in low birth weight infants preventable? A survey of eight centers. Página 84 - Tanner JM, Whitehouse RH, Marubini E, Resele LF. The adolescent growth spurt of boys and girls of the Harpenden growth study. [books.google.es]
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [en.wikipedia.org]