A 15-year-previously-healthy male boy presented to the Hospital with a 6-day history of malaise, fever and cough. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We report a case of anti-synthetase syndrome presenting as acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP). CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of a 42-year-old school teacher of Malaysian origin. She was an ex-smoker. [academic.oup.com]

Fever is present in almost half of the patients on presentation and a history of viral-like symptomatology exists in most cases but extensive investigations for bacterial and viral agents are negative. [orpha.net]

Presented herein is a case of a previously healthy 64-year-old woman withou… PMC Free Full TextPMC Free PDF Primary Sjogren's Syndrome Presenting as Acute Interstitial Pneumonitis/Hamman-Rich Syndrome. [unboundmedicine.com]

• Fatigue

  A person may have these symptoms: A dry cough Shortness of breath, which may occur after effort or become worse over time Difficult or labored breathing Fatigue Clubbing, or enlargement of the fingertips at the base of the nails. [my.clevelandclinic.org]

  […] legionellosis) Alveolar filling disease Hypersensitivity reactions Connective tissue disorders Bronchoalveolar carcinoma References:[1][2][3] Clinical features Main symptoms Exertional dyspnea that progresses to dyspnea at rest Persistent nonproductive cough Fatigue [amboss.com]

  Signs and symptoms of chronic pneumonitis include: Shortness of breath Cough Fatigue Loss of appetite Unintentional weight loss When to call a doctor Call your doctor anytime you have difficulty breathing, no matter what might be the cause. [mayoclinic.org]

  Oxygen therapy Because many people with ILD have low levels of oxygen in their blood, oxygen therapy improves blood oxygen levels while reducing strain on the heart and lungs and improving breathlessness and fatigue. [5] Pulmonary rehabilitation A formal [inogen.com]

• Aspiration

  Respiratory complications are in 2 categories: primary (the interstitial lung diseases, which can be acute or chronic) and secondary (aspiration pneumonia/pneumonitis, muscle weakness, infection, drug-induced disease, pulmonary congestion secondary to [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  […] formation followed by organization Alternate/Historical Names Adult respiratory distress syndrome (clinical term for disease with this pattern) Diagnostic Criteria Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is a pattern that has many causes including Infection, aspiration [surgpathcriteria.stanford.edu]

  Lipoid Pneumonia Aspiration of exogenous lipid (vegetable oils) over an extended period of time. Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma CXR shows focal or diffuse air space changes. [meddean.luc.edu]

  For patients with chronic pneumonia due to aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, the presumed pathogenesis is aspiration of oral contents. [infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com]

• Hemoptysis

  Alveolar Hemorrhage Syndromes Goodpasture's Syndrome (antibasement membrane antibody disease) Recurrent episodes of hemoptysis with alveolar hemorrhagic filling; hemosiderin-laden macrophages. [meddean.luc.edu]

  Other symptoms that may help identify the disease include mucus production, hemoptysis (blood in the mucus) and wheezing. [inogen.com]

  More commonly, inanition with wasting, worsening chronic pulmonary disease, pneumothorax, empyema necessitans, and mild to moderate hemoptysis may occur. [infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com]

  […] clinical deterioration (over – Miscellaneous: drug-induced pulmonary toxicity, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage Clinical features Acute respiratory failure may be characterized by: Symptoms: – worsening dyspnea – cough – sputum production – chest pain – fever – hemoptysis [clinicaladvisor.com]

  Productive cough and hemoptysis are not typical symptoms of ILD, but can be a part of an exacerbation of ILD or a complication, for example, pulmonary embolism, lung cancer, bacterial pneumonia, or heart failure. [consultant360.com]

• Pleuritic Pain

  In any patient with chronic illness and nonspecific constitutional complaints who develops pulmonary symptoms, including any new or persistent cough, sputum production, hemoptysis, chest pain (particularly pleuritic pain), or dyspnea, chronic pneumonia [infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com]

Initial workup revealed ground-glass opacities on computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest. Cardiac workup was unrevealing with a normal myocardial perfusion stress test. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Case Presentation A 51-year-old woman, nonsmoker, without underlying diseases, no suspicious case history was admitted to the hospital for further workup of symptoms of cough, expectoration, and progressive dyspnea. [hindawi.com]

[…] can also be found in other diseases such as CTDs, which is another ILD classification, but is idiopathic when the cause is unknown despite a comprehensive workup. [consultant360.com]

[…] often needed to make a diagnosis, with pertinent information and expertise contributed by the pulmonologist, radiologist and pathologist. 4 High-resolution CT should be obtained in virtually all patients with a suspected ILD. 4 Additional diagnostic workup [appliedradiology.com]

BAL cell count and differential may be useful in the diagnostic workup of the hospitalized patient with ILD. [bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com]

The lack of reports describing the use of CyA for the treatment of RA‐associated AIP warrants caution in its use; nevertheless, in our opinion, the poor prognosis of this complication of RA justifies treatment with this agent. Fig. 1. [academic.oup.com]

Management and treatment There is no proven treatment, however high-dose corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide are the drugs usually used. Prognosis The prognosis is severe and early mortality is high. [orpha.net]

This report describes a case of MDS in a patient who developed fatal acute interstitial pneumonitis (AIP) after the first seven-day course of intravenous azacitidine (75 mg/m(2)/day) treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Acute interstitial pneumonia showing a marked reduction in lung capacity Treatment[edit] Treatment is primarily supportive. Management in an intensive care unit is required and the need for mechanical ventilation is common. [en.wikipedia.org]

Unfortunately, patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis associated with pulmonary complications have a worse prognosis than patients with isolated forms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis The prognosis is severe and early mortality is high. The documents contained in this web site are presented for information purposes only. [orpha.net]

It has a grave prognosis with >70% mortality in 3 months, despite mechanical ventilation. This review aims to clarify the relative clinical and pathological issues and terminology. [erj.ersjournals.com]

Prognosis depends on the histopathology findings and the specific form of interstitial lung disease and its response to therapy, which consists of high-dose steroids and immunomodulating agents. [rc.rcjournal.com]

Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10coded.com]

[…] specific etiologic agent or inciting event. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Clinical Information A group of interstitial lung diseases with no known etiology. There are several entities with varying patterns of inflammation and fibrosis. [icd9data.com]

Infectious etiology was excluded on the basis of microbiological investigations. [hindawi.com]

Summary Epidemiology Prevalence of Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP) is estimated at 1 in 25,000. Clinical description AIP occurs over a wide age range, with a mean age of approximately 50 years. [orpha.net]

Many questions still linger regarding the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and outcome. [thieme-connect.com]

Epidemiology[edit] Acute interstitial pneumonitis occurs most frequently among people older than forty years old. It affects men and women equally. There are no known risk factors; in particular, smoking is not associated with increased risk. [en.wikipedia.org]

We describe the case of a fulminant form of AIP and discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms of AIP with reference to the histological pattern. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pathophysiology [ edit ] Macklin described the pathophysiology of Hamman's syndrome to be barotrauma, whereby rupture of alveolar membranes causes a positive pressure gradient of air from the lungs into the mediastinum (the Macklin effect). [3] Diagnosis [en.wikipedia.org]

Eosinophilic pneumonia Eosinophilic pneumonia is similar to organizing pneumonia in pathophysiology, but is mediated instead by an inappropriate increase in the number of eosinophils and macrophages in alveoli. [appliedradiology.com]

[…] alveolar damage Epidemiology Extremely rare (no conclusive epidemiological data available) Mean age 50 years but can occur at any age (7 - 83 years) (Eur Respir J 2000;15:412) No sex predilection Sites Bilateral lung, usually in all five lobes of the lung Pathophysiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

In this report, we present a case of a mid-age female with AIPwho, though treated with intensive physical and pharmacologic care, still displayed a rapid progressive pathophysiologic process, and eventually died of respiratory failure. 2. [hindawi.com]

[…] of Medicine (JSV, KKB, RMC), National Jewish Medical and Research Center; Department of Pathology (CDC); Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine (MIS), University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado; Department of Preventive [journals.lww.com]

Further study to identify causal factors is required in the hope of preventing morbidity and mortality related to this disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

After a few days of adjuvant therapy with temozolomide and prophylaxis with trimetrophin-sulfamethoxazolo to prevent Pneumocystis Jiroveci, she had progressive and rapid worsening of symptoms with weakness, dyspnea and orthopnea. [currentdrugsafety.com]

Getting a flu shot every year can help prevent both the flu and pneumonia. In addition, pneumococcal bacteria can cause minor problems such as ear infections. [cedars-sinai.edu]

Can interstitial lung disease be prevented? Interstitial lung disease can be prevented only to the extent that its individual causes may be prevented. [medicinenet.com]