Symptoma

Agoraphobia

The present study examined patterns and correlates of the recent change in a sample of anxious youth with symptom presentations consistent with the DSM-IV agoraphobia definition and/or specific phobia (SP) to consider how the recent diagnostic change [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  • Hand Stiffness

    * Stiffness of the muscles * Irregular heartbeats The good news is that, using a slow breathing method described in a separate handout, you can reduce the unpleasant symptoms of hyperventilation. [crufad.org]

  • Paranoid Ideation

    Moreover, significant correlations emerged between the SCL-90-R psychoticism-subscale and all three measures of PD symptoms (ACQ, BSQ, PA-21d) and between the SCL-90-R paranoid ideation-subscale and both the ACQ and BSQ. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  • Vertigo

    The patient denied vertigo, nausea, vomits, ear symptoms or other comorbidities. She reported use of cinarizine 75mg/day without improvement. [scielo.br]

    Patients with panic-related dizziness were reported to have higher rates of vertigo and agoraphobic behavior when compared to those patients who had only panic or dizziness alone. [bpsmedicine.biomedcentral.com]

  • Vocal Tic

    Of 90 females over the age of 18 presenting with TS, or with motor or vocal tics alone, nine had severe agoraphobia with panic attacks. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  • Akathisia

    Akathisia, panic disorder, agoraphobia, and major depressive disorder all developed sequentially after only 2 days of exposure to metoclopramide, leading to months of disability. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  • Progesterone Decreased

    - Female hormones (estrogen and progesterone) decrease during the pre-menstrual phase making it easier for women to develop conditioned anxiety responses. - Traditional female sex roles prescribe women to react to anxiety by engaging in dependent and [web.archive.org]

OBJECTIVE: Although exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment option for panic disorder with agoraphobia, the neural substrates of treatment response remain unknown. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Management Treatment options include psychological and pharmacological treatments. [patient.info]

Expectations (prognosis) Most patients can get better with medications or behavioral therapy. However, without early and effective help, the disorder may become more difficult to treat. [web.archive.org]

Resources for more information include: Anxiety and Depression Association of America -- adaa.org Outlook (Prognosis) Most people can get better with medicines and CBT. Without early and effective help, the disorder may become harder to treat. [ufhealth.org]

Prognosis Some patients may improve; however, relapses are common. One in three patients have underlying depression and one in five will attempt suicide. [patient.info]

And fortunately, panic disorders and agoraphobia tend to have the best prognosis of all mental disorders, according to Greenberger—but that’s only if individuals seek help, like I did. [theatlantic.com]

Its etiology is not clear and different schools of thought have given different explanations for its causation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Print publication year: 2019 Online publication date: December 2018 from Section 4 - Etiology and Phenomenology of Specific Anxiety Disorders Edited by Bunmi O. [cambridge.org]

Etiology Genetic and family studies have found that both biology and environment are strong contributors to the development of both PD and AG. Twin studies have revealed that there is a genetic link to the development of PD. [courses.lumenlearning.com]

Etiologies of nasal symptoms: An overview. Feldweg, ed. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc. [verywellhealth.com]

The epidemiology of DSM-IV panic disorder and agoraphobia in the United States: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. The Journal of clinical psychiatry. [2] Goodwin, R. [barendspsychology.com]

Another possibility is that the epidemiological findings are not valid. [jamanetwork.com]

BACKGROUND: Age of onset is an important epidemiological indicator in characterizing disorders׳ subtypes according to demographic, clinical and psychosocial determinants. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

3/49/3856/abstract/8 NHS Choices, Treating agoraphobia, Further Reading All Agoraphobia Content Agoraphobia: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment Agoraphobia Epidemiology Agoraphobia Theories [news-medical.net]

CONCLUSIONS: There may be a pathophysiological relationship between the GHR and lipid profiles that interact with each other in PD. In fact, this relationship was more marked in PD with agoraphobia than in PD without agoraphobia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pathophysiology and drug treatment. Drugs. 1995 Mar. 49(3):328-44. [Medline]. Greist JH, Jefferson JW, Kobak KA, Katzelnick DJ, Serlin RC. Efficacy and tolerability of serotonin transport inhibitors in obsessive-compulsive disorder. A meta-analysis. [medscape.com]

Fava GA, Mangelli L: Subclinical symptoms of panic disorder: new insights into pathophysiology and treatment. Psychother Psychosom. 1999, 68: 281-289. 10.1159/000012345. 3. [bpsmedicine.biomedcentral.com]

Subclinical symptoms of panic disorder: new insights into pathophysiology and treatment. Psychother Psychosom. (1999) 68:281–9. PubMed Abstract Google Scholar 17. Wolitzky-Taylor K, Dour H, Zinbarg R, Mineka S, Vrshek-Schallhorn S, Epstein A, et al. [frontiersin.org]

They work by preventing your symptoms or making them less severe. You must take these medicines every day. DO NOT stop taking them or change the dosage without talking with your provider. [nlm.nih.gov]

Prevention Early treatment of panic disorder can often prevent agoraphobia. References Taylor CT, Pollack MH, LeBeau RT, Simon NM. Anxiety disorders: panic, social anxiety, and generalized anxiety. [web.archive.org]

Prevention Early treatment of panic disorder can often prevent agoraphobia. Images References American Psychiatric Association. Anxiety disorders. In: American Psychiatric Association, ed. [ufhealth.org]

Avoiding public places does not prevent panic attacks. On the contrary, it can strengthen your attacks and cause you to isolate yourself. [quebec.ca]