infant death syndrome), 48, 49 low birth weight, 50 – 53 and preterm birth. 51, 54 – 56 The relative contribution of fine versus coarse particles to adverse health effects is being investigated. [doi.org]

Anyone experiencing discomfort such as sore eyes, cough or sore throat should consider reducing activity, particularly outdoors. [uk-air.defra.gov.uk]

It can also cause other health problems including: Aggravated respiratory disease such as emphysema, bronchitis and asthma Lung damage, even after symptoms such as coughing or a sore throat disappear Wheezing, chest pain, dry throat, headache or nausea [sparetheair.com]

Weather-related cough was prevalent when PM 10, NO 2, or ozone (O 3 ) concentrations were high, regardless of COPD severity. High PM 10 concentrations were associated with worsened wheezing, particularly in COPD patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Larger particles -- the ones regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) -- are actually the least harmful because they are coughed up and expelled. [urmc.rochester.edu]