At current presentation, he was unable to stand, even with support. Bilateral foot drop was present. Right lower limb power was grade 3/5 in hip flexors and knee extensors and 2/5 in knee flexors, ankle plantar flexors, and hip extensors. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] osteosclerosis with abnormalities of the nervous system and meninges Specialty Neurology Foix–Alajouanine syndrome, also called subacute ascending necrotizing myelitis, [1] is a disease caused by an arteriovenous malformation of the spinal cord. [2] The patients present [en.wikipedia.org]

The skin lesions of Cobb syndrome typically are present as port wine stains or angiomas, but reports exist of angiokeratomas, angiolipomas, and lymphangioma circumscriptum. [dixion-healthcare.com]

Owing to the rarity of this syndrome and the varied clinical presentations, multidisciplinary teams may best serve the patient. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Table 3 Summary of cases of filum terminale AV fistulas Both surgical and endovascular treatment options are mentioned in literature. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Surgical treatment can be tried in some cases. If surgical intervention is contraindicated, corticosteroids may be used. The condition is named after Charles Foix and Théophile Alajouanine. [en.wikipedia.org]

A possible complication if treatment is delayed is Foix-Alajouanine disease or subacute necrotic myelopathy due to thrombosis in the spinal angioma. Cutaneous lesions may be distributed anywhere in the dermatome, from midline back to abdomen. [dixion-healthcare.com]

Treatment with L-dopa, Can. J. Ophthalmol., 7, 368-374, 1972. [139] REn -Iz J.J., KOLODNYE.H., RICHARDSONE.P., jr.: Corticodentatonigral degeneration with neuronal achromasia. Arch. [slideheaven.com]

Prognosis likely depends on the severity of the spinal pathology and the timeliness of diagnosis and intervention. Patients who present with rapidly progressing neurological deficits may have a worse prognosis. Early diagnosis is critical. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Factors determining prognosis are said to be duration of illness, sphincter involvement at presentation and location of fistula however, there is no consensus on any of these.[ 1 ] Before our case, only one such has been published in Indian literature [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

No classification has been possible in the face of ignorance of etiologic factors; pathogenesis has been equally uncertain, and the interpretation of pathologic material has produced no uniformity of opinion regarding the nature of the morbid changes. [jamanetwork.com]

Etiology It has been suggested that Cobb syndrome, Sturge-Weber syndrome, and PHACE syndrome (posterior fossa, hemangioma or other vascular birthmark present either on the outside or inside, arterial defect in the head and or neck area, cardiac problems [emedicine.medscape.com]

Drugs are used in neurological recovery depending on the etiological classification of FCMS. [en.wikipedia.org]

The timing of this mutation during development may determine which syndrome develops. [4] Epidemiology Frequency Cobb syndrome is rare; fewer than 100 cases have been reported. Race Cobb syndrome is reported more commonly in whites. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Spinal intradural arteriovenous fistulas acquired in late adulthood: Absent spinal venous drainage in pathogenesis and pathophysiology. Report of two cases. J Neurosurg Spine. 2005; 3 :488–94. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Report of a case and study on the pathophysiology of the eye movement disturbance. Ciin. Neurol. (Tokyo), 15, 535-540, 1975. (Abstract in English). [86] KHUNADORN N., KALUMPAH R., S, JP -TARA K.: Blepharospasm in progressive supranuclear palsy. [slideheaven.com]

The spinal vascular lesions can cause neurologic deficits, including paralysis. [2, 3] Early recognition of the association between the vascular skin lesions and associated spinal lesions may prevent or minimize neurological sequela. [emedicine.medscape.com]