Presentation
In a majority of patients presenting with symptoms of short duration, the consideration of hepatoma does not arise. [bhj.org.in]
Case presentation This report describes a 37-year-old white man, suffering from hepatitis B, with a gigantic amebic liver abscess presenting as an acute abdomen due to its rupture. [jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com]
Presented in a quick reference, bullet point format, this book includes more than 250 clinical photographs, figures, tables and flow charts. [books.google.com]
Amebic hepatic abscesses generally present as a solitary lesion, but they can also be multifocal, usually with poorly defined or shaggy walls. [sonoworld.com]
About two thirds of their patients presented with cardiac signs, with inconspicuous symptoms and signs of the causative liver abscess. [ispub.com]
Entire Body System
- Malaise
A 30-year-old male experienced diarrhea for two weeks with fever of 39° C, nausea, vomiting, malaise and right upper abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed hepatomegaly 6 cm below the right costal margin. [gastrohep.com]
General discomfort, uneasiness, or ill feeling (malaise ) Sweating Chills Loss of appetite Weight loss Diarrhea Jaundice Joint pain Exams and Tests These tests detect abscess in the liver: Abdominal ultrasound Abdominal CT scan or MRI Liver biopsy - rarely [vikaspedia.in]
[…] abscess do have symptoms, including: Abdominal pain, more so in the right, upper part of the abdomen; pain is intense, continuous or stabbing Cough Fever and chills Diarrhea (in only one-third of patients) General discomfort, uneasiness, or ill feeling ( malaise [medlineplus.gov]
May cause mainly systemic symptoms (eg, fever, malaise) and can occur when certain drugs are used Sarcoidosis Granulomatous infiltration (common, usually subclinical), jaundice (rare) Occasionally, progressive inflammation with scarring and portal hypertension [merckmanuals.com]
Anorexia, malaise and weight loss are also frequently seen. Depending on the immune status of the patient, and the organism involved, the presentation may be dramatic or insidious. [radiopaedia.org]
Gastrointestinal
- Intestinal Disease
Hepatic abscess is the most frequent manifestation of extra-intestinal disease. Ultrasound has proven to be an excellent method for the diagnosis of hepatic abscess. [sonoworld.com]
ICD-10-CM Codes › A00-B99 Certain infectious and parasitic diseases › A00-A09 Intestinal infectious diseases › A06- Amebiasis › Amebic liver abscess 2016 2017 2018 2019 Billable/Specific Code A06.4 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used [icd10data.com]
It most commonly results in asymptomatic colonization of the gastrointestinal tract, but some patients develop intestinal invasive or extra-intestinal diseases. Liver abscess is the most common extra-intestinal manifestation. [jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com]
Visit: Amebic Meningoencephalitis Intestinal diseases in Entamoeba Histolytica Infection: 1)Asymptomatic 2) Dysentery 3) Acute necrotizing colitis with perforation 4)Toxic megacolon 5) Ameboma 6) Perianal ulceration with fistula formation. [histopathology-india.net]
Amoebiasis is caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. [ 1 ] Amoebiasis is often asymptomatic but may cause dysentery and invasive extra-intestinal disease. [ 2 ] Entamoeba dispar, another species, has been thought in the past to be non-pathological [patient.info]
- Acute Diarrhea
Acute diarrhea in adults: clinical appearance and therapeutic aspects. Scand. 3. Infect Dis., 1988;20:303-14. 8. Fraser, J. R. A. Epidemic polyparthritis and Ross River Virus disease. Clin. Rheum. Dis., 1986;12:2-5. 9. Kandolf, R., Kirchner, P.. [jpma.org.pk]
[…] abdomen急性腹症 acute appendicitis急性虫垂炎 acute cholangitis (cholangitis acuta)急性胆管炎 acute cholecystitis (cholecystitis acuta)急性胆嚢炎 acute diarrhea急性下痢 acute duodenitis急性十二指腸炎 acute gastric dilatation急性胃拡張 acute hepatic insufficiency急性肝不全 acute obstructive [tokyo-med.ac.jp]
Both of these infections, however, were greatly overshadowed by acute diarrhea of unrecognized etiology, which reached a peak incidence of 215 per annum per 1,000 strength in July 1944. [history.amedd.army.mil]
Liver, Gall & Pancreas
- Hepatomegaly
Selected Infections With Liver Involvement Disease or Organism Manifestations Viruses Cytomegalovirus In neonates: Hepatomegaly, jaundice, congenital defects In adults: Mononucleosis-like illness with hepatitis; may occur posttransfusion Epstein-Barr [merckmanuals.com]
Physical examination revealed hepatomegaly 6 cm below the right costal margin. CT scan showed a single hypodense mass in the rigth lobe of 7.8 x 5.2 cm, round, with well defined borders. Seroameba titers were positive (1:512). [gastrohep.com]
ALP isoenzyme test (Medical Encyclopedia) Ascites (Medical Encyclopedia) Diet - liver disease (Medical Encyclopedia) Hepatic encephalopathy (Medical Encyclopedia) Hepatomegaly (Medical Encyclopedia) Liver disease (Medical Encyclopedia) Liver scan (Medical [icdlist.com]
The frequency of symptoms did not correlate significantly with egg counts while 70% of patients had hepatomegaly, only 0.5% had splenomegaly [27]. [saudijgastro.com]
Although one finds a tender hepatomegaly in both the conditions, jaundice is more frequent in alcoholic hepatitis. Liver scan, if available, would immediately exclude an amoebic liver abscess. [bhj.org.in]
Musculoskeletal
- Fracture
However, these structures can be mistaken for septa within the abscess cavity, and fracturing of these strands can lead to hemorrhage or biliary leak, or it can create a communication between the vascular and biliary channels and result in hemobilia and [clinicalgate.com]
Neurologic
- Irritability
Children and infants will be thirsty, restless, irritable, and possibly lethargic. Children may also have sunken eyes and may not be able to produce tears or urine, the latter appearing very dark and concentrated. [medbroadcast.com]
[…] bowel syndrome (irritable colon syndrome)過敏性腸症候群 irritable colon刺激性結腸 j jaundice (icterus)黄疸 jejunum空腸 k ketone bodyケトン体 ketone groupケトン基 l lamina muscularis mucosae粘膜筋板 laparoscope (peritoneoscope)腹腔鏡 laparoscopic cholecystectomy (lapcholy)腹腔鏡下胆嚢摘出術 [tokyo-med.ac.jp]
Workup
Microbiology
- Entamoeba Histolytica
Note the presence of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites. Tai Soon Yong Entamoeba histolytica in intestine, Trichrome stain(A). DY Min/MH Ahn/JS Ryu Trophozoite of Entamoeba histolytica in intestine. [atlas.or.kr]
Differential detection of Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, and Entamoeba moshkovskii by a single-round PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol. 2006 Sep. 44(9):3196-200. [Medline]. Khairnar K, Parija SC. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Amebiasis is caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. The annual number of Entamoeba histolytica infections throughout the world is believed to be approximately 50 million. [histopathology-india.net]
Definition Amebic liver abscess is a collection of pus in the liver caused by the intestinal parasite Entamoeba histolytica. [vikaspedia.in]
Blessmann J, Tannich E (2002) Treatment of asymptomatic intestinal Entamoeba histolytica infection. N Engl J Med 347: 1384. View Article Google Scholar 26. [journals.plos.org]
Colonoscopy
- Polyps
[…] of the duodenum急性十二指腸穿孔 acute pyogenic cholangitis (acute suppurative cholangitis, cholangitis lenta acuta)急性化膿性胆管炎 acute secondary diffuse suppurative peritonitis 急性汎発性腹膜炎 adenocarcinoma腺癌 adenoma-carcinoma sequence腺腫-癌連鎖〈連続性、相関、腺腫の癌化〉 adenomatous polyps [tokyo-med.ac.jp]
[…] mitochondria and is an obligate fermenter of glucose Metronidazole targets ferridoxin-dependent pyruvate oxidoreductase necessary for fermenting glucose Gross description Discrete ulcers with normal intervening mucosa May show areas of colitis or inflammatory polyps [pathologyoutlines.com]
Treatment
Reference is easy thanks to a unique 3-part structure covering general aspects of treatment; reviews of every agent; and details of treatments of particular infections. [books.google.com]
Treatment with metronidazole or tinidazole was successful in the other 165 cases. Luminal treatment was provided to 83 patients following metronidazole or tinidazole treatment. [journals.plos.org]
It has been recommended as first line in diagnosis and treatment [19], [36], [42], [43]. Endoscopic extraction of biliary tree parasites will relieve the obstruction and decompress the dilated biliary tree and help in treatment of cholangitis. [saudijgastro.com]
They can be dangerous and need urgent medical treatment. [empr.com]
Prognosis
Prognosis is highly variable, depending not only on the organism involved and size of the abscess but also the co-morbidities present. Figures range from 9-80% 3. [radiopaedia.org]
Prognosis [ 2 ] In uncomplicated disease, the mortality rate is less than 1% but is much higher in complicated severe disease - eg, fulminant amoebic colitis, chest involvement or cerebral amoebiasis. [patient.info]
Prognosis In most cases, rapid clinical improvement is observed in less than 1 week with antiamebic drug therapy alone. Radiological resolution lags behind the resolution of clinical symptoms. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Etiology
Gram negative bacteria are the most common etiology. Whether, entamoeba Histolytica invaded the renal abscess remains to be proven. [omicsonline.org]
Changes in etiology, management and outcome. Medicine [Baltimore] 1996;75:99-113. 11. Mukhopadhyay M, Saha AK, Sarkar A, Mukherjee S. Amoebic liver abscess: Presentation and complications. Indian J Surg 2010;72:37-41. 12. [jacmjournal.org]
Isolation of the Etiological Agent of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis from Artificially Heated Waters. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 34(6), 701-705. Thong, Y. (1982). Chemotherapy for Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis. [floridahealth.gov]
Etiology The following are the risk factors associated with amebic liver abscess: Immigrants from endemic areas Institutionalized persons, especially people with mental retardation Crowding and poor hygiene Men who have sex with men (secondary to sexually [emedicine.medscape.com]
Both of these infections, however, were greatly overshadowed by acute diarrhea of unrecognized etiology, which reached a peak incidence of 215 per annum per 1,000 strength in July 1944. [history.amedd.army.mil]
Epidemiology
A review of the geographic distribution and epidemiology of leishmaniasis in the New World. Seite 54 - Hendrix TR: Epithelial and other mucosal lesions of the jejunum in giardiasis. Jejunal biopsy studies. [books.google.de]
Two Fatal Cases of PAM in Tulsa County, August 2005, Oklahoma State Department of Health Epidemiology Bulletin, 37(3), 1-2. Cabanes, P., Wallet, F., Pringuez, E., and Pernin, P. (2001). [floridahealth.gov]
Definition / general Infection by pathogenic species of amebae, overwhelmingly Entamoeba histolytica Epidemiology Estimated that 10% of the world's population is infected with E. histolytica It is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions In temperate [pathologyoutlines.com]
Invasive amoebiasis most often causes an amoebic liver abscess but may affect the lung, heart, brain, urinary tract and skin. [ 5 ] Epidemiology E. histolytica infects approximately 50 million people worldwide, of which approximately 100,000 die annually [patient.info]
To characterize the clinical and epidemiological features of invasive amebiasis in HIV-1 patients, the medical records of 170 co-infected cases were analyzed retrospectively, and E. histolytica genotype was assayed in 14 cases. [journals.plos.org]
Pathophysiology
[…] appendix Involvement of the terminal ileum may occur Metastasis may occur, overwhelmingly to the liver Disease may spread from the liver to the thorax or rarely the brain Rectovesical fistula and fistulous involvement of the skin have been reported Pathophysiology [pathologyoutlines.com]
Pathophysiology E histolytica exists in 2 forms. The cyst stage is the infective form, and the trophozoite stage causes invasive disease. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Prevention
In general, the measures taken to prevent amebiasis in individual areas of military operation were part of those taken to prevent all forms of gastrointestinal infection.The only additional requirement for the prevention of amebiasis was based upon the [history.amedd.army.mil]
Get optimal test results with guidance on error detection, correction, and prevention as well as cost-effective test selection. [books.google.de]
Asymptomatic individuals can be treated with a luminal amebicide to prevent symptoms. Those with symptoms can be treated with a systemically-active compound, followed by a luminal amebicide. [bccdc.ca]
Prevention. Environmental sanitation is necessary to prevent water and food contamination. Boiling or filtration of drinking water is a safe and effective way of prevention, and avoidance of consuming contaminated food is essential. Comments. [atlas.or.kr]
From the Departments of Medicine and Public Health and Preventive Medicine Cornell University Medical College New York [link.springer.com]