Presentation
We report herein the case of a 54-year-old man presenting with an amebic lung abscess in his right lower lung. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Patients younger than 1 month present with irritability, lethargy, vomiting, lack of appetite, and seizures. Those older than 4 months have neck rigidity, tense fontanels, and fever. [emedicine.medscape.com]
ALA may present as an acute process or as a chronic indolent disease. Most patients present with an acute illness and duration of symptoms less than 2 weeks as in this case where the main presenting features were abdominal pain, fever, and anorexia. [ispub.com]
Entire Body System
- Malaise
The presentation ranges from low-grade fever with abdominal tenderness, weakness, malaise, and anorexia to hypoxemia and hypotension. The infection is usually polymicrobial with E coli and other gram-negative bacilli and anaerobes. [emedicine.medscape.com]
[…] abscess do have symptoms, including: Abdominal pain, more so in the right, upper part of the abdomen; pain is intense, continuous or stabbing Cough Fever and chills Diarrhea (in only one-third of patients) General discomfort, uneasiness, or ill feeling ( malaise [medlineplus.gov]
Nocardia Actinomyces Commonly Associated Conditions Periodontal disease Pneumonia Alcoholism Empyema (if necrosis of the abscess wall allows entry into pleural space) (1) Tuberculosis Immunocompetent patient Diagnosis History Fever Night sweats Diaphoresis Malaise [tipsdiscover.com]
Most pyogenic abscesses are caused by polymicrobial enteric flora in the setting of hepatobiliary disease or intraabdominal infection and often present with fever, abdominal pain, nausea, and malaise. [clinicaladvisor.com]
Patients usually present with fever, malaise, fatigue, anorexia and intestinal manifestations in 10-35% of the cases. Patients with liver abscesses often additionally have abdominal pain. [omicsonline.org]
- Infertility
Female genital tuberculosis begins in the endosalpinx and can spread to the peritoneum, endometrium, ovaries, cervix, and vagina. 38 Patients present with pelvic pain, infertility, and vaginal bleeding. [aafp.org]
Respiratoric
- Cough
Coughing is important because nonpulmonary sources of bleeding are not usually associated with hemoptysis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Patients note a fever, pain in the right half of the breast, painful, dry cough, shortness of breath, in the future there is abundant expectoration of dark brown ("chocolate") in color. [eurodoctor.ucoz.com]
“Putrid” cough, foul sm... In immunocompetent hosts, clindamycin 600 mg 8h IV followed by 300 mg q6h PO after defervescence and clinical stability has been shown most effective ( 4 )[ A ]. [5minuteconsult.com]
Cough with or without expectoration and pleuritic chest pain is also seen in ALA. 9. During the course of illness one-third of patients may develop clinical jaundice. [ispub.com]
Dept. of Health and Human Services Office on Women's Health Alveolar abnormalities Blood gases Breath sounds Chemical pneumonitis Chest tube insertion Coal worker's pneumoconiosis Coughing up blood Drug-induced pulmonary disease Empyema Goodpasture syndrome [icdlist.com]
- Pleural Effusion
This case demonstrated that sediments of pleural effusion may be used for further pathological examination after routine cytology has shown negative results. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
There was an associated slight to moderate pleural effusion or empyema, but the diaphragm was only slightly elevated. [isradiology.org]
This is followed by a sympathetic pleural effusion. 17,18 Adhesions between the two pleural surfaces may form later. [bhj.org.in]
It usually presents with high-grade fever, associated with right upper abdominal pain, constitutional symptoms, and pleuropulmonary complications mainly in the form of pleural effusion and leucocytosis. [atmph.org]
Pleural Tuberculosis In the United States, pleural tuberculosis accounts for about 5 percent of all tuberculosis cases. 19 Tuberculous effusions can follow early postprimary, chronic pulmonary, or miliary tuberculosis. [aafp.org]
- Rales
Physical exam was significant for a fever of 103.8 F, pale conjunctivae, rales over the right lung base and direct tenderness to palpation overlying the right upper quadrant. [omicsonline.org]
Breath sounds may be diminished at the right lung base, and rales may be heard. A small subset of patients has a subacute presentation with hepatomegaly, weight loss, and anemia. Jaundice is unusual (6-10%). [emedicine.medscape.com]
- Productive Cough
A 26-year-old female was referred from a private hospital on postpartum day 12 with complaints of high grade fever with chills, productive cough, progressively increasing breathlessness, right upper quadrant abdominal pain, and swelling all over body [atmph.org]
Symptoms and Signs Symptoms of abscess due to anaerobic bacteria or mixed anaerobic and aerobic bacteria are usually chronic (eg, occurring over weeks or months) and include productive cough, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. [merckmanuals.com]
- Painful Cough
Patients note a fever, pain in the right half of the breast, painful, dry cough, shortness of breath, in the future there is abundant expectoration of dark brown ("chocolate") in color. [eurodoctor.ucoz.com]
Often there is anaemia and a dry painful cough. There is liver enlargement with localised tenderness in the right hypochondrium, epigastrium and intercostal spaces overlying the liver. An epigastric mass from a left-lobe lesion may be found. [patient.info]
Gastrointestinal
- Abdominal Mass
Additionally, patients with E coli renal abscess present with fever, pleuritic chest pain secondary to diaphragmatic irritation, and flank pain, with or without a palpable abdominal mass. [2] [emedicine.medscape.com]
Amoeboma: Abdominal mass, which is usually in the right iliac fossa. May be painful and tender. Fever, altered bowel habit and there may be intermittent dysentery. May be symptoms of partial or intermittent bowel obstruction. [patient.info]
- Hematochezia
He denied nausea, vomiting, jaundice, hematemesis, melena, hematochezia or other signs of bleeding. [omicsonline.org]
Skin
- Ulcer
The base of the ulcer is covered by grey - white exudate. There is always undenuded mucosa between the ulcers. [histopathology-india.net]
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in an unselected population of monozygotic and dizygotic twins. A study of heritability and the influence of smoking. Seite 121 - In: Mandell GL, Douglas RG, Bennett JE, eds. [books.google.de]
[…] specificity) of 006.4: 006.0 - Acute amebic dysentery without mention of abscess 006.1 - Chronic intestinal amebiasis without mention of abscess 006.2 - Amebic nondysenteric colitis 006.3 - Amebic liver abscess 006.5 - Amebic brain abscess 006.6 - Amebic skin ulceration [emedcodes.com]
The disease begins acutely or gradually, usually with the progressive development of ulcerative colitis. Subsequently, it may be an abscess of the liver. [eurodoctor.ucoz.com]
9 Code ICD-9 Description 006.0 Acute amebic dysentery without mention of abscess 006.1 Chronic intestinal amebiasis without mention of abscess 006.2 Amebic nondysenteric colitis 006.3 Amebic liver abscess 006.5 Amebic brain abscess 006.6 Amebic skin ulceration [healthprovidersdata.com]
Workup
X-Ray
- Pulmonary Infiltrate
infiltrates may result from other reasons (e.g., pulmonary edema). [online.epocrates.com]
The right hemidiaphragm is totally obscured by the overlying pulmonary infiltrate and pleural reaction. Residual pleural thickening will persist throughout the patient's lifetime. Next Page Previous Page [isradiology.org]
Chest radiography typically reveals a small to moderate, unilateral pleural effusion; about 20 percent of patients have associated pulmonary lesions. 20 Computed tomography (CT) of the chest may show lymphadenopathy, pulmonary infiltrates, or cavitation [aafp.org]
Pleura
- Pleural Effusion
This case demonstrated that sediments of pleural effusion may be used for further pathological examination after routine cytology has shown negative results. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
There was an associated slight to moderate pleural effusion or empyema, but the diaphragm was only slightly elevated. [isradiology.org]
This is followed by a sympathetic pleural effusion. 17,18 Adhesions between the two pleural surfaces may form later. [bhj.org.in]
It usually presents with high-grade fever, associated with right upper abdominal pain, constitutional symptoms, and pleuropulmonary complications mainly in the form of pleural effusion and leucocytosis. [atmph.org]
Pleural Tuberculosis In the United States, pleural tuberculosis accounts for about 5 percent of all tuberculosis cases. 19 Tuberculous effusions can follow early postprimary, chronic pulmonary, or miliary tuberculosis. [aafp.org]
- Pleural Rub
A pleural rub may also be found. Sudden onset of coughing with expectoration of copious quantities of chocolate-colored sputum occurs if the abscess ruptures into bronchi ( Guarner, 1986 ). [clinicalgate.com]
Laboratory
- Leukocytosis
Leukocytosis generally resolves with treatment. D. Long-term management. [clinicaladvisor.com]
[…] for about 20% of cases of nonresolving pneumonia. [13] Therapeutic response A good clinical response to pulmonary infiltrate is defined as 50% clearing of chest radiographic findings at 4 weeks of therapy. [7] Clinical improvement and resolution of leukocytosis [online.epocrates.com]
Laboratory analysis revealed a normocytic normochromic anemia of 6.7 g/dL, leukocytosis of 17.2 K/μL, elevated creatinine and hepatic function panel with a urinalysis remarkable for turbid cloudy appearing urine, positive for leucocyte esterase and white [omicsonline.org]
Peripheral blood smear showed mild to moderate hypochromia, moderate anisocytosis, neutrophilic leukocytosis with mild shift to left and reduced platelets. [atmph.org]
Investigations FBC (leukocytosis), raised ESR, abnormal LFTs (raised alkaline phosphatase and transaminases). [ 2 ] Stool examination: Microscopic stool examination for trophozoites should be performed in patients with diarrhoea..Examination of 3 to 6 [patient.info]
Treatment
Significant updates on bariatric surgery, Barrett's esophagus, endoscopic ultrasound, endosonography, treatment of liver disease, and much more keep you current on the latest advances. [books.google.com]
IBS symptoms can persist for weeks despite successful treatment of the infection amoebiasis treatment. nonpathogenic strains of the species of Entamoeba not require treatment. this is all about amoebiasis treatment. amoebiasis treatment : Continuing Care [best1simple.wordpress.com]
Fig. 2 X-Ray film of Case No. 4, 16 days after the 1st treatment. The previouse pneumonic changes are almost disappeard. Fig. 3 X-Ray film of Case No. 4, 2 weeks after the 2nd treatment. [parasitol.kr]
Larger abscesses (>4 cm in diameter) are less likely to be cured with medical management only and have a higher mortality irrespective of treatment 3,6. [radiopaedia.org]
[…] of leukocytosis supports the conclusion that the patient has responded to antibiotic therapy, even when chest radiographic abnormalities persist. [4] [14] Most patients have a normal temperature and decreased cough within 3 to 5 days after beginning treatment [online.epocrates.com]
Prognosis
The elderly, immunocompromised, malnourished, debilitated, and, of course, those who do not have access to antibiotics are particularly susceptible and have the worst prognosis 6. [radiopaedia.org]
Clinical improvement with decrease in fever expected 3–4 days after starting antibiotics Defervescence expected in 7–10 days Prognosis depends on the underlying disease or immunosuppression (22). [tipsdiscover.com]
Prognosis Invasive amoebiasis untreated is often fatal amoebiasis diagnostic treatment. With treatment, the improvement is usually in a few days. [best1simple.wordpress.com]
Secondary infection, by causing persistent irreversible pulmonary lesion may worsen the prognosis. [bhj.org.in]
Prognosis [ 2 ] In uncomplicated disease, the mortality rate is less than 1% but is much higher in complicated severe disease - eg, fulminant amoebic colitis, chest involvement or cerebral amoebiasis. [patient.info]
Etiology
Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10coded.com]
Based on my experience, the criteria which aid in establishing a possible amoebic etiology, are as follows: Past history of dysentery or diarrhoea should make one highly suspicious of a probable amoebic etiology. [bhj.org.in]
Fiberoptic bronchoscopy examination did not show any etiological bacteria, mycobacteria, or malignant cells. She was treated with antibiotics, but the shadow did not change. [ci.nii.ac.jp]
It is convenient to divide lung abscesses into primary and secondary as they differ not only in etiology, but also microbiology and prognosis. A primary abscess is one which develops as a result of primary infection of the lung. [radiopaedia.org]
Gram negative bacteria are the most common etiology. Whether, entamoeba Histolytica invaded the renal abscess remains to be proven. [omicsonline.org]
Epidemiology
A comprehensive, and profusely illustrated description of the common and uncommon images which will be found in a wide range of tropical diseases, correlated with the clinical and laboratory findings, and the epidemiology and pathology. [books.google.de]
Epidemiology of amebiasis in a region of high incidence of amebic liver abscess in central Vietnam. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2002 May. 66(5):578-83. [Medline]. Bowley DM, Loveland J, Omar T, Pitcher GJ. [emedicine.medscape.com]
ORGANISMS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY N. fowleri is the only recognized pathogenic species of Naegleria. Trophozoites of N. fowleri are 10 to 30 µm in diameter and the nucleus has a prominent central dense nucleolus ( Fig. 45.1A and B ). [oncohemakey.com]
Bayer, Leverkusen Google Scholar Hendricks MK, Moore SW, Milla AJ (1997) Epidemiological aspects of liver abscesses in children in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. [link.springer.com]
Invasive amoebiasis most often causes an amoebic liver abscess but may affect the lung, heart, brain, urinary tract and skin. [ 5 ] Epidemiology E. histolytica infects approximately 50 million people worldwide, of which approximately 100,000 die annually [patient.info]
Pathophysiology
Staging of Alberto de Hoyos 2177 Less Common Malignant Tumors of the Diagnostic Investigation of Mediastinal 2195 The Use of Prosthetic Grafts to Replace 195 Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma of the Mediastinum 2411 2261 Benign and Malignant Neurogenic 2415 Pathophysiology [books.google.com]
Most likely pathophysiology? a. Allergen induced bronchospasm (INCORRECT) b. Barotrauma related alveolar disease c. cardiac induced pulm edema d. chemical irritant pneumonitis e. [forums.studentdoctor.net]
Prevention
Prevention. Environmental sanitation is necessary to prevent water and food contamination. Boiling or filtration of drinking water is a safe and effective way of prevention, and avoidance of consuming contaminated food is essential. Comments. [atlas.or.kr]
External links [ edit ] Amoebiasis - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [en.wikipedia.org]
Standard treatment for amebiasis is typically metronidaloze, an antibiotic. and there’s no vaccine to prevent this variety of dysentery . [healthblurbs.com]
Prevention Successful control of amoebiasis depends on prevention of infection through adequate sanitation, safe food and water and good personal hygiene of the population. [patient.info]
Prevention is especially important. There are no vaccines for parasitic diseases. Some medicines are available to treat parasitic infections. [icdlist.com]