Presentation
We report herein the case of a 54-year-old man presenting with an amebic lung abscess in his right lower lung. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Mason, MD now presents the fifth edition in full color with new images and highlighted clinical elements. [books.google.com]
Entire Body System
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Malaise
The presentation ranges from low-grade fever with abdominal tenderness, weakness, malaise, and anorexia to hypoxemia and hypotension. The infection is usually polymicrobial with E coli and other gram-negative bacilli and anaerobes. [emedicine.medscape.com]
[…] abscess do have symptoms, including: Abdominal pain, more so in the right, upper part of the abdomen; pain is intense, continuous or stabbing Cough Fever and chills Diarrhea (in only one-third of patients) General discomfort, uneasiness, or ill feeling ( malaise [medlineplus.gov]
Most pyogenic abscesses are caused by polymicrobial enteric flora in the setting of hepatobiliary disease or intraabdominal infection and often present with fever, abdominal pain, nausea, and malaise. [clinicaladvisor.com]
Nocardia Actinomyces Commonly Associated Conditions Periodontal disease Pneumonia Alcoholism Empyema (if necrosis of the abscess wall allows entry into pleural space) (1) Tuberculosis Immunocompetent patient Diagnosis History Fever Night sweats Diaphoresis Malaise [tipsdiscover.com]
Patients usually present with fever, malaise, fatigue, anorexia and intestinal manifestations in 10-35% of the cases. Patients with liver abscesses often additionally have abdominal pain. [omicsonline.org]
Respiratoric
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Cough
Dept. of Health and Human Services Office on Women's Health Alveolar abnormalities Blood gases Breath sounds Chemical pneumonitis Chest tube insertion Coal worker's pneumoconiosis Coughing up blood Drug-induced pulmonary disease Empyema Goodpasture syndrome [icdlist.com]
Coughing is important because nonpulmonary sources of bleeding are not usually associated with hemoptysis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Patients note a fever, pain in the right half of the breast, painful, dry cough, shortness of breath, in the future there is abundant expectoration of dark brown ("chocolate") in color. [eurodoctor.ucoz.com]
“Putrid” cough, foul sm... In immunocompetent hosts, clindamycin 600 mg 8h IV followed by 300 mg q6h PO after defervescence and clinical stability has been shown most effective ( 4 )[ A ]. [5minuteconsult.com]
Cough with or without expectoration and pleuritic chest pain is also seen in ALA. 9. During the course of illness one-third of patients may develop clinical jaundice. [ispub.com]
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Pleural Effusion
This case demonstrated that sediments of pleural effusion may be used for further pathological examination after routine cytology has shown negative results. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
There was an associated slight to moderate pleural effusion or empyema, but the diaphragm was only slightly elevated. [isradiology.org]
A massive pleural effusion may be present without a significant tracheal shift 16 (Fig. 48). [bhj.org.in]
It usually presents with high-grade fever, associated with right upper abdominal pain, constitutional symptoms, and pleuropulmonary complications mainly in the form of pleural effusion and leucocytosis. [atmph.org]
Adenosine deaminase in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion. Chest. 2001;120:334–6. 23. Light RW. Establishing the diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:1967–8. 24. Nagesh BS, Sehgal S, Jindal SK, Arora SK. [aafp.org]
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Productive Cough
A 26-year-old female was referred from a private hospital on postpartum day 12 with complaints of high grade fever with chills, productive cough, progressively increasing breathlessness, right upper quadrant abdominal pain, and swelling all over body [atmph.org]
Symptoms and Signs Symptoms of abscess due to anaerobic bacteria or mixed anaerobic and aerobic bacteria are usually chronic (eg, occurring over weeks or months) and include productive cough, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. [merckmanuals.com]
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Rales
Physical exam was significant for a fever of 103.8 F, pale conjunctivae, rales over the right lung base and direct tenderness to palpation overlying the right upper quadrant. [omicsonline.org]
Breath sounds may be diminished at the right lung base, and rales may be heard. A small subset of patients has a subacute presentation with hepatomegaly, weight loss, and anemia. Jaundice is unusual (6-10%). [emedicine.medscape.com]
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Painful Cough
Hematogenous drift of amoebae in the lungs causes the development of amoebic pneumonia manifesting febrile reaction, chest pain, painful cough with scanty expectoration of brownish-gray, which can be detected by tissue forms of amoebae. [eurodoctor.ucoz.com]
Often there is anaemia and a dry painful cough. There is liver enlargement with localised tenderness in the right hypochondrium, epigastrium and intercostal spaces overlying the liver. An epigastric mass from a left-lobe lesion may be found. [patient.info]
Workup
X-Ray
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Pulmonary Infiltrate
Persistent pulmonary infiltrate results when a substance denser than air (e.g., pus, edema, blood, surfactant, protein, or cells) lingers within the lung parenchyma. [online.epocrates.com]
The right hemidiaphragm is totally obscured by the overlying pulmonary infiltrate and pleural reaction. Residual pleural thickening will persist throughout the patient's lifetime. Next Page Previous Page [isradiology.org]
Chest radiography typically reveals a small to moderate, unilateral pleural effusion; about 20 percent of patients have associated pulmonary lesions. 20 Computed tomography (CT) of the chest may show lymphadenopathy, pulmonary infiltrates, or cavitation [aafp.org]
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Esophageal Motility Disorder
Motility Disorders 1887 Thomas W Shields 2069 Barretts Esophagus 1925 166 Radiographic Computed Tomographic 2079 Cardial Incompetence and Associated Mediastinum 2103 Katherine A Barsness and Marleta Reynolds 168 Mediastinal Tumor Markers 2131 Esophageal [books.google.com]
Serum
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Elevated Sedimentation Rate
sedimentation rate, and hyponatremia. 40 Examination of the sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, gastric washings, CSF, blood culture, or biopsies of liver and bone marrow may be necessary for diagnosis. 16 A tuberculin skin test result is positive in less [aafp.org]
Microbiology
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Vibrio Vulnificus
vulnificus intoxication A05.8 Other specified bacterial foodborne intoxications A05.9 Bacterial foodborne intoxication, unspecified A06 Amebiasis A06.0 Acute amebic dysentery A06.1 Chronic intestinal amebiasis A06.2 Amebic nondysenteric colitis A06.3 [icd10data.com]
Pleura
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Pleural Effusion
This case demonstrated that sediments of pleural effusion may be used for further pathological examination after routine cytology has shown negative results. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
There was an associated slight to moderate pleural effusion or empyema, but the diaphragm was only slightly elevated. [isradiology.org]
A massive pleural effusion may be present without a significant tracheal shift 16 (Fig. 48). [bhj.org.in]
It usually presents with high-grade fever, associated with right upper abdominal pain, constitutional symptoms, and pleuropulmonary complications mainly in the form of pleural effusion and leucocytosis. [atmph.org]
Adenosine deaminase in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion. Chest. 2001;120:334–6. 23. Light RW. Establishing the diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:1967–8. 24. Nagesh BS, Sehgal S, Jindal SK, Arora SK. [aafp.org]
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Pleural Rub
A pleural rub may also be found. Sudden onset of coughing with expectoration of copious quantities of chocolate-colored sputum occurs if the abscess ruptures into bronchi ( Guarner, 1986 ). [clinicalgate.com]
Treatment
Significant updates on bariatric surgery, Barrett's esophagus, endoscopic ultrasound, endosonography, treatment of liver disease, and much more keep you current on the latest advances. [books.google.com]
Treatments include drainage and antibiotics. [icdlist.com]
Continuing Care, Amoebiasis treatment, Amoebiasis, treatment via your1best [best1simple.wordpress.com]
Fig. 2 X-Ray film of Case No. 4, 16 days after the 1st treatment. The previouse pneumonic changes are almost disappeard. Fig. 3 X-Ray film of Case No. 4, 2 weeks after the 2nd treatment. [parasitol.kr]
Prognosis
The elderly, immunocompromised, malnourished, debilitated, and, of course, those who do not have access to antibiotics are particularly susceptible and have the worst prognosis 6. [radiopaedia.org]
Clinical improvement with decrease in fever expected 3–4 days after starting antibiotics Defervescence expected in 7–10 days Prognosis depends on the underlying disease or immunosuppression (22). [tipsdiscover.com]
Secondary infection, by causing persistent irreversible pulmonary lesion may worsen the prognosis. [bhj.org.in]
Prognosis Invasive amoebiasis untreated is often fatal amoebiasis diagnostic treatment. With treatment, the improvement is usually in a few days. [best1simple.wordpress.com]
Prognosis and Patient Counseling. Mortality rates range from 2 to 12% for pyogenic liver abscesses in developed countries. Open surgical drainage, malignancy, and anaerobic infection are independent risk factors for mortality. [clinicaladvisor.com]
Etiology
Based on my experience, the criteria which aid in establishing a possible amoebic etiology, are as follows: Past history of dysentery or diarrhoea should make one highly suspicious of a probable amoebic etiology. [bhj.org.in]
Fiberoptic bronchoscopy examination did not show any etiological bacteria, mycobacteria, or malignant cells. She was treated with antibiotics, but the shadow did not change. [ci.nii.ac.jp]
It is convenient to divide lung abscesses into primary and secondary as they differ not only in etiology, but also microbiology and prognosis. A primary abscess is one which develops as a result of primary infection of the lung. [radiopaedia.org]
Gram negative bacteria are the most common etiology. Whether, entamoeba Histolytica invaded the renal abscess remains to be proven. [omicsonline.org]
Local friction from the moving fungus ball, reactive capillary proliferation with bronchiopulmonary anastomoses, and release of a proteolytic enzyme are all postulated as having a role in the etiology of the bleeding. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Epidemiology
A comprehensive, and profusely illustrated description of the common and uncommon images which will be found in a wide range of tropical diseases, correlated with the clinical and laboratory findings, and the epidemiology and pathology. [books.google.de]
Epidemiology of amebiasis in a region of high incidence of amebic liver abscess in central Vietnam. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2002 May. 66(5):578-83. [Medline]. Bowley DM, Loveland J, Omar T, Pitcher GJ. [emedicine.medscape.com]
ORGANISMS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY N. fowleri is the only recognized pathogenic species of Naegleria. Trophozoites of N. fowleri are 10 to 30 µm in diameter and the nucleus has a prominent central dense nucleolus ( Fig. 45.1A and B ). [oncohemakey.com]
Bayer, Leverkusen Google Scholar Hendricks MK, Moore SW, Milla AJ (1997) Epidemiological aspects of liver abscesses in children in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. [link.springer.com]
Weekly Epidemiological Report of the World Health Organization 1997 ; 72 : 97 –9. Petri AW Jr, Singh U. Diagnosis and management of amebiasis. Clin Infect Dis 1999 ; 29 : 1117 –25. Braga LL, Lima AA, Sears CL, et al. [thorax.bmj.com]
Pathophysiology
Staging of Alberto de Hoyos 2177 Less Common Malignant Tumors of the Diagnostic Investigation of Mediastinal 2195 The Use of Prosthetic Grafts to Replace 195 Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma of the Mediastinum 2411 2261 Benign and Malignant Neurogenic 2415 Pathophysiology [books.google.com]
Most likely pathophysiology? a. Allergen induced bronchospasm (INCORRECT) b. Barotrauma related alveolar disease c. cardiac induced pulm edema d. chemical irritant pneumonitis e. [forums.studentdoctor.net]
Prevention
Prevention is especially important. There are no vaccines for parasitic diseases. Some medicines are available to treat parasitic infections. [icdlist.com]
Prevention. Environmental sanitation is necessary to prevent water and food contamination. Boiling or filtration of drinking water is a safe and effective way of prevention, and avoidance of consuming contaminated food is essential. Comments. [atlas.or.kr]
External links [ edit ] Amoebiasis - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [en.wikipedia.org]
Standard treatment for amebiasis is typically metronidaloze, an antibiotic. and there’s no vaccine to prevent this variety of dysentery . [healthblurbs.com]
Prevention Successful control of amoebiasis depends on prevention of infection through adequate sanitation, safe food and water and good personal hygiene of the population. [patient.info]