We present two cases of young pregnant women who were diagnosed syphilis during their antenatal visit. [ukm.pure.elsevier.com]

Presently, the diagnosis of syphilis is dependent mainly on serological tests. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Presentation on theme: "Syphilis in Pregnancy Jillian E Peterson. [slideplayer.com]

Compound—two or more parts presenting at same time. [nursekey.com]

• Unsafe Sexual Practices

  sexual practices, such as sexual promiscuity, prostitution, and decreasing use of barrier protection. [15] [52] [53] Left untreated, it has a mortality rate of 8% to 58%, with a greater death rate among males. [2] The symptoms of syphilis have become [en.wikipedia.org]

  This has been attributed partly to unsafe sexual practices and decreasing use of condoms. [slideshare.net]

• Hunting

  Reyes M, Hunt N, Ostrea E, et al. Maternal/congenital syphilis in a large tertiary-care urban hospital. Clin Infect Dis 1993 ; 17 : 1041 –6. Campos-Outcalt D, Ryan K. [sti.bmj.com]

• Flaccid Paralysis

  characterized by an asymmetric, painful, flaccid paralysis of the upper limbs and knee. [pediatriconcall.com]

• Multiple Ulcerations

  Multiple ulcerations can occur if coexisting HIV infection Can persist 3-6wks without treatment 4 Secondary Syphilis 25% of untreated patients will develop secondary syphilis Rash Most characteristic finding Diffuse symmetric maculopapular rash Includes [slideplayer.com]

Two of the six fetal treatment failures produced preterm stillborns. Only one maternal treatment failure occurred, in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected woman. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

However, we must also consider congenital syphilis as a risk factor for the concomitant occurrence of infections with distinct etiology in these newborns. [omicsonline.org]

Infection is thought to be a major etiologic factor in some preterm labors. When cervical, vaginal, or urinary tract infections are present, the risk of preterm birth is increased (Box 3). [intranet.tdmu.edu.ua]

[…] for ____ after hydostatic mole...therefore, _______ are suggested and highly important 1 year; oral contraceptives Persistent uncontrollable vomiting that begins in early weeks of pregnancy and may continue throughout pregnancy Hyperemesis Gravidarum Etiology [freezingblue.com]

Learning Objectives Learning Objectives : Upon completion of this educational activity the participant should be able to recognize sonographic features of ectopic pregnancy, describe physiologic changes and common etiologies for pelvic pain in the pregnant [sonoworld.com]

Section 5 - Management and Treatment of Specific Infections Syphilis Etiology Caused by Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum. [canada.ca]

Abstract The paper describes the epidemiology, risk factors and impact on pregnancy outcome of syphilis in pregnant women in rural South Africa. Prevalence was determined from laboratory records. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] can occur if infectious lesion on breast 11 Congenital Syphilis Transmission can occur any time in gestation Frequency of transmission increases as gestation advances Higher rate of transmission w/ primary & secondary infection 12 Congenital Syphilis Epidemiology [slideplayer.com]

Epidemiology (Sunnyvale) 6:269. doi:10.4172/2161-1165.1000269 Copyright: © 2016 de Oliveiraa BCA. [omicsonline.org]

The epidemiology of antepartum fetal death in Jamaica. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 1994;8 Suppl 1:98-109. 18. Conde-Agudelo A, Belizán JM, Díaz-Rossello JL. Epidemiology of fetal death in Latin America. [scielosp.org]

Berman SM (2004) Maternal syphilis: pathophysiology and treatment. Bull World Health Organ 82:433–488 PubMed Google Scholar 3. Mandelbrot L, Marcollet A (2004) Syphilis and pregnancy. Rev Prat 54:392–395 PubMed Google Scholar 4. [link.springer.com]

While the gestational outcomes of syphilis have been well described, the specific pathophysiologic changes occurring in utero have not been clearly elucidated. [medicalreview.columbia.edu]

Maternal syphilis: pathophysiology and treatment. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2004; 82 (6):433–438. [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] 2. Ingall D, Sánchez PJ. Syphilis. In: Remington JS, Klein JO, editors. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Family Hx HTN or vascular disease Chronic Renal Disease DM Periodontal Disease Multiple Gestation Clotting Disorders (Antiphospholipid synd) African American Mother/Sister with preeclampsia Father of baby with preeclamptic mother Angiotensin gene T235 Pathophysiology [freezingblue.com]

Although congenital syphilis has been studied and described for many years, our understanding of the pathophysiology of maternal transmission of Treponema pallidum is still incomplete. [academic.oup.com]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate prospectively the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended regimens for the treatment of antepartum syphilis and prevention of congenital syphilis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Failure of recommended maternal therapy to prevent congenital syphilis. Sex Transm Dis 1991;18:102–6. 12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. [journals.lww.com]

72 ) 55 Division of STD Prevention. [academic.oup.com]

Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). These statements address preventive health services for use in primary care clinical settings, including screening tests, counseling, and preventive medications. [aafp.org]