Presentation
The patient presented with weight loss and abdominal distension caused by antral and duodenal stenosis due to an inveterate peptic ulcer. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
White A, Carachi R, Young DG (1984) Duodenal ulceration presenting in childhood: long-term follow-up. J Pediatr Surg 19: 6–8 Google Scholar 18. Wilson SD (1982) The role of surgery in children with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. [link.springer.com]
[…] herniated, turn 90deg and come back in Here, failure to come back in Exomphalos - adbo muscles fail to form properly "Bubble" peritoneum amnion Pyloric stenosis Congenital hypertrophy of pyloric smooth muscle M F Stenosis develops due to thickened muscle Present [alancam.com]
It is present in almost all cases of established AG, is prominent in one third ( 10, 11 ) and, as shown in this study, can be present before complete loss of the oxyntic mucosa. [nature.com]
Various types of smooth muscle proliferation may be present, possibly as a response to the production of basic fibroblastic growth factor. [epathologies.com]
Entire Body System
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Splenectomy
[…] thrombophlebitis of the legs 1989 Seccia M; Bortolotti P; Bellomini MG; Buccianti P; Chiarugi M; Cavina E. 4 US GUIDED PERCUTANEOUS ETHANOL INJECTION OF SMALL HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA 1990 GOLETTI O; CHIARUGI M; BUCCIANTI P ET AL 5 An unusual case of repeated splenectomy [arpi.unipi.it]
[…] septicemia 敗血症 serosa漿膜 sexual transmitted disease (STD)性病 short bowel syndrome短腸症候群 signet ring cell carcinoma印環細胞癌 sinusoid類洞 small intestine小腸 spasm of the esophagus食道痙攣 sphincter of Oddi (SO)オッジ括約筋(オッジ筋) splanchnic nerve内臓神経 splanchnic plexus内臓神経叢 splenectomy [tokyo-med.ac.jp]
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Infertility
Please remove this message after… … Wikipedia Female infertility — Classification and external resources ICD 10 N97.0 ICD 9 628 … Wikipedia Estrogen receptor alpha — Estrogen receptor 1 PDB rendering based on 1a52 … Wikipedia Coeliac disease — Classification [medicine.academic.ru]
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Hyperthermia
Ulcera peptica: cosa ci si puo' attendere dai vari tests diagnostici e dai diversi tipi di intervento. 1979 PEDRAZZOLI, SERGIO ; DODI, GIUSEPPE ; MILITELLO, CARMELO ; PASQUALI, CLAUDIO ; PETRIN, PIETRO ; LISE, MARIO CHIRURGIA TRIVENETA 4 True versus mild hyperthermia [research.unipd.it]
Gastrointestinal
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Gastropathy
Less severe and more focal atrophy, which is usually limited to the antrum, may also occur in reactive gastropathy ( Fig. 15.14 ). [clinicalgate.com]
[…] aggressive - 5HT, sub P, polypeptide YY 25% Appendix (only one that affects "young") - 5HT, polypeptide YY 25% Colorectal - 5HT, polypeptide YY) In body or fundus 5HT Somatostatin Histamine Sx Gastritis Ulcer aSx Assoc Atrophic gastritis MEN-I HYPERTROPHIC GASTROPATHY [alancam.com]
The clinical importance of autoimmune gastropathy in type 1 diabetes remains undervalued. [care.diabetesjournals.org]
Hypertrophic Gastropathy Menetrier Disease Zollinger- Ellison Syndrome 56. [slideshare.net]
Antral Histology The antrum was biopsied in 31 cases ( Table 3 ), and 15 showed features of chemical–bile reflux gastropathy; 10 cases were classified as chronic gastritis; and 6 were classified as chronic active gastritis. [nature.com]
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Abdominal Distension
The patient presented with weight loss and abdominal distension caused by antral and duodenal stenosis due to an inveterate peptic ulcer. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Cardiovascular
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Vascular Disease
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION 8 Choices in surgical treatment of diverticulitis 2012 MILITELLO, CARMELO AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 9 Clinical correlation of mesenteric vascular disease in older patients 2012 PERISSINOTTO, EGLE [research.unipd.it]
Liver, Gall & Pancreas
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Liver Dysfunction
Contents 1 Liver diseases 2 Viral hepatitis 3 Liver dysfunction in other infectious diseases … Wikipedia Ménétrier's disease — Not to be confused with Ménière s disease. Ménétrier s disease Classification and external resources Ménétrier s disease. [medicine.academic.ru]
Workup
Serum
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Gastrin Increased
"Gastrin increases mcl-1 expression in type I gastric carcinoid tumors and a gastric epithelial cell line that expresses the CCK-2 receptor.". Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 295 (4): G798-805. doi : 10.1152/ajpgi.00015.2008. PMID 18719002. [librepathology.org]
Gastrin increases: Gastric Motility. Intestinal motility. Mucosa growth. Blood flow to the stomach. Gastrin secretion has diurnal variation. It's the lowest value is 3 a.m to 7 a.m. [labpedia.net]
Absolute increase in serum gastrin level above the basal figure is preferred to percent change. 4 I.V. secretin normally diminishes gastrin, but serum gastrin increases in gastrinoma patients. [labcorp.com]
Only in patients with already elevated gastrin levels does therapy with a PPI result in more sustained gastrin increases [ 3 ]. It is important to differentiate between gastric endocrine cell hyperplasia and the occurrence of carcinoid tumors. [hon.ch]
Absolute increase in serum gastrin level above the basal figure is preferred to percent change.4 I.V. secretin normally diminishes gastrin, but serum gastrin increases in gastrinoma patients. [human-secretin.com]
Colonoscopy
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Multiple Ulcerations
ulcers and may extend down duodenum Multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 - MEN1 Lots of punched out ulcers Duodenum so acidic that denature own enzymes so malabsorption Present Epigastic pain Better with meals Dx Endoscopic biospy See ulcer on histo Hypertrophy [alancam.com]
Other Pathologies
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Lymphocytic Infiltrate
infiltration of crypts ICD 10 … Wikipedia Hepato-biliary diseases — affect the liver and/or biliary tract, and are studied in the branch of medicine called Hepatology. [medicine.academic.ru]
Patchy lymphocytic infiltrates and damage to oxyntic glands ( B ). Parietal cell pseudohypertrophy with “snouting” resulting from luminal cytoplasmic projections ( C ). [nature.com]
infiltrate in mucosal capillaries, smooth muscle lamina propria and granular extending into lamina propria key to eosinophilic debris in defination is absence of neutrophils dilated glands Fairly common with Aspirin NSAID’s or bile reflux MELAKOPLAKIA [slideshare.net]
Treatment
Significant updates on bariatric surgery, Barrett's esophagus, endoscopic ultrasound, endosonography, treatment of liver disease, and much more keep you current on the latest advances. [books.google.com]
Pages: 5 Number of Figures: 0 Number of Tables: 0 ISSN: 0012-2823 (Print) eISSN: 1421-9867 (Online) For additional information: Abstract In this study we have performed a quantitative analysis of antral gastrin cells in 9 uraemic patients under dialytic treatment [karger.com]
Ravitch MM, Duremdes GD (1970) Operative treatment of chronic duodenal ulcer in childhood. Ann Surg 171: 641–646 Google Scholar 11. Rosenlund ML, Koop GE (1970) Duodenal ulcer in childhood. Pediatrics 45: 283–286 Google Scholar 12. [link.springer.com]
Type 1 gNET is a recurrent gastric disease, and its preferred treatment is endoscopic resection and endoscopic follow-up. Not all type 1 g-NEN patients require SSA treatment. [tgh.amegroups.com]
Prognosis
Rappel S et al: [Carcinoid tumors of the stomach in atrophic autoimmune gastritis: classification, differential diagnosis and prognosis.] Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol. 80:199-207, 1996. [humpath.com]
Different g-NEN types have dramatically different prognosis and treatment strategies. [tgh.amegroups.com]
The prognosis is poor with the median survival of only 8 months reported in the literature. Chemotherapy has been attempted in a limited number of patients yet the rarity of these tumor does not allow for standard therapeutic protocols. [endocrinediseases.org]
J Clin Invest 93 : 1321 –1325, 1994 Rappel S, Altendorf-Hofmann A, Stolte M: Prognosis of gastric carcinoid tumours. Digestion 56 : 455 –462, 1995 View Abstract [care.diabetesjournals.org]
Prognosis of Gastric Carcinoma Depends on Depth of invasion Extent of Lymph Node involvement Distant metastases Histologic type Resection margins DNA Ploidy, P53 mutation Five year S.R of surgically treated early carcinoma is 90- 95% in advanced [slideshare.net]
Etiology
Etiology: autoimmune. Diagnosis based on serology for antibodies to: [2] Parietal cells. Intrinsic factor. [librepathology.org]
Etiology Patients receiving methyldopa treatment may develop Parietal Cell Antibodies (PCAs) and chronic autoimmune gastritis.The changes disappear upon cessation ofthedrug. [humpath.com]
[…] described by human and veterinary pathologists, but the organisms were dismissed as irrelevant contaminants. 3 Schindler claimed that the bacteriologic cause of chronic gastritis had not been proved convincingly in a single case. 1 Instead, a wide range of etiologic [clinicalgate.com]
Pathogenesis of Chronic GastritisMajor etiologic associations are: H.Pylori chronic infection Autoimmune (P. [slideshare.net]
Based on these results, they proposed that Helicobacter pylori is involved in the etiology of these diseases. The infection is usually asymptomatic but can cause peptic ulcer. [flipper.diff.org]
Epidemiology
One hundred years after "carcinoid": epidemiology of and prognostic factors for neuroendocrine tumors in 35,825 cases in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 2008; 26:3063-3072 [endocrinediseases.org]
Review Article Epidemiology According to the United States Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (g-NENs) accounted for 2.2% among all NENs for the period from 1950 to 1969 and up to 6% for the period [tgh.amegroups.com]
Atrophic body/fundic mucosa with loss of mucosal folds Intestinal metaplasia Polyps Laboratory Tests Circulating antibodies against H /K ATPase Circulating antibodies against IF High serum gastrin concentration Low serum pepsinogen Vitamin B12 deficiency Epidemiology [humpath.com]
Epidemiology of Gastric cancer Second most common tumor in the world High in Japan, Chile, Costa Rica, China, Colombia, Portugal, Russia and Bulgaria Four to six fold less common in USA, UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, France & Sweden Male to [slideshare.net]
Pathophysiology
A second outstanding feature of this volume is its success in balanc ing basic pathophysiology with practical considerations of clinical man agement. [books.google.com]
Pathophysiology [ edit ] Atrophic gastritis under low power. H&E stain. [en.wikipedia.org]
Pathophysiology Gastrin is a hormone produced by the antral cells (G- cells) in the stomach mucosa. Other sources of production are G cell of duodenum and delta cells of the pancreas. [labpedia.net]
Pathophysiology/Complications Abstract OBJECTIVE —Parietal cell antibodies (PCAs) are found in 20% of type 1 diabetic patients, denoting autoimmune gastritis and pernicious anemia, which may predispose to enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell hyper/dysplasia [care.diabetesjournals.org]
Prevention
Risk factors and prevention of suicidal behavior 2012 MILITELLO, CARMELO AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 3 Androgen profile in patients with pancreatic carcinoma 1992 SPERTI, COSIMO ; MILITELLO, CARMELO ; PASQUALI, CLAUDIO ; PEDRAZZOLI, SERGIO [research.unipd.it]
Although no specific treatment is available at this time to prevent the progression of AG, an accurate diagnosis can be important in clinical management decisions. References 1 Dixon MF, Genta RM, Yardley JH, Correa P. [nature.com]
Early diagnosis of autoimmune gastropathy is important for the prevention/treatment of iron deficiency anemia, pernicious anemia, ECL cell hyper/dysplasia, and carcinoid tumor. [care.diabetesjournals.org]