Aplasia cutis is a congenital absence of the skin, usually presenting on the scalp. In 20% of all cases, part of the skull is also absent. A residual area of baldness may still be present some years after surgical or conservative treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

They were 6.3 cm × 4.2 cm, well-defined and symmetrical, present on bilateral flanks joined with a linear streak [Figure - 1]a. [ijdvl.com]

• Inguinal Hernia

  Congenital inguinal hernia at admission was present in 19% newborns. [ijponline.biomedcentral.com]

• Rigor

  Furthermore, in this group we did not observe neonatal infections since rigorous infection-control practices, along with gentle cleansing and application of topical antibiotics, have been applied in all patients. [ijponline.biomedcentral.com]

• Vaginal Bleeding

  Soon after delivery, the mother had vaginal bleeding due to retained placenta. The bleeding did not stop despite subsequent curettage, and a hysterectomy was performed. [dovepress.com]

Pediatric workup ruled out any other malformations or genetic disorders. All patients were treated by conservative wound and skin care without complications. In one case the formation of milia has been observed - an outcome not described before. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Early central nervous system imaging and other workup may be required, especially if plastic surgery in the head region is being planned. [jamanetwork.com]

[…] disruption complex, • oculocerebrocutaneous (Delleman) syndrome, • scalp-ear-nipple syndrome (Finlay-Mark syndrome), • Kabuki syndrome, • 46XY gonadal dysgenesis AD: autosomal dominant; AR: autosomal recessive We recommend the following procedure for ACC workups [scielo.br]

• Ischemic Changes

  The newborn had multifocal aplasia cutis congenita involving the head, trunk, and limbs with cerebral ischemic changes demonstrated by imaging. The newborn had a monochorionic twin fetus papyraceus. The array cytogenetic analysis was normal. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment for ACC varies depending on the condition of the infant (5), although conservative treatment is the most popular regimen. [spandidos-publications.com]

[…] by conservative treatment with application of acellular dermal matrix. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Surgical treatment of aplasia cutis congenita of the scalp associated with bilateral coronal synostosis. J Craniofac Surg. 2002;13:513-19. Rhee ST, Colville C, Buchman SR. [rarediseases.org]

Surgical closure may be required for large or multiple defects.2 The prognosis of ACC is usually excellent; however, if associated with other abnormalities or malformations, the prognosis then depends on the nature and severity of those conditions.1 In [casereports.bmj.com]

Because there are only individual reports for the other forms, it is difficult to calculate a mortality rate or to give an individualized prognosis. [ijponline.biomedcentral.com]

The authors also present a practical, treatment-oriented classification that could assist physicians in estimating the severity and therefore prognosis of the disease and offer a treatment guideline. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The aim of the present report is to increase awareness of these skin defects and emphasize the importance of underlying etiologies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Etiology Etiology is manifold; genetic factors, teratogens, amniotic adhesion, vascular anomalies, pharmacological agents (e.g. methimazole, benzodiazepines), intrauterine trauma and infections have all been implicated. [orpha.net]

OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiologic, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects of ACC through a hospital series. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study from 1995 to 2012 and reported all cases of ACC. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Introduction Causes and Symptoms Subtypes of ACC Epidemiology Diagnosis and Treatment References Further Reading Aplasia cutis congenita or ACC is a rare congenital condition. [news-medical.net]

Summary Epidemiology Incidence is approximately 1/10,000 births. Clinical description ACC is noticed immediately at birth and usually presents as a solitary lesion on or near the vertex. [orpha.net]

Epidemiology Incidence : 0.03% of newborns III. Pathophysiology Congenital absence of skin Embryo nic defect present in a small subset of patients IV. Signs Bulla, ulceration or atrophic lesion V. [fpnotebook.com]

Pathophysiology Congenital absence of skin Embryo nic defect present in a small subset of patients IV. Signs Bulla, ulceration or atrophic lesion V. Distribution Most often at the scalp near the vertex VI. [fpnotebook.com]

Lesions are usually non-inflammatory, well-demarcated and have a variable appearance depending on the size (0.5–10 cm), extent, depth and degree of healing and scarring.[1],[2] The various causative pathophysiological mechanisms include genetic factors [ijdvl.com]

The pathophysiology of ACC is not completely understood, although intrauterine trauma, vascular compromise, infection, and teratogenic medications have all been implicated. A few reports describing a familial occurrence (1). 2. [article.sciencepublishinggroup.com]

The specific pathophysiology of ACC is yet unknown. Intrauterine trauma, vascular impairment, infectious agents, and drugs have been cited as possible causes. [news-medical.net]

Etiology Pathophysiology The exact pathophysiology for ACC remains a mystery. However, various theories have been proposed, including intrauterine trauma, vascular compromise, teratogens such as infectious agents, and medications. [clinicaladvisor.com]

A primarily conservative treatment with local wet and antibiotic dressings together with a systemic antibiotic treatment for the first 2 wk led to an excellent result and thus prevented untimely operative and peri-operative procedures. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In these cases, infection of the unhealed lesion should be prevented by keeping the area clean. If infection does occur, antibiotics may be used in treatment. In cases of deep or multiple lesions, surgical repair may be required. [ozarkderm.com]