The distinction was historically considered important, as it differentiated those more likely to present with "typical" respiratory symptoms and lobar pneumonia from those more likely to present with "atypical" generalized symptoms (such as fever, headache [en.wikipedia.org]

We need to return to the original meaning of atypical pneumonia and restrict its use to describe pneumonia that is truly unusual in clinical presentation, epidemiology, or both. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Fever

  During the later stages of the illness, symptoms may worsen, the fever may become higher, and coughing may yield discolored phlegm (sputum). [my.clevelandclinic.org]

  Clinical findings Incubation ± 3 weeks; insidious onset of fever, malaise, headache, myalgia, low-grade fever, cough, chest pain and respiratory disease, from asymptomatic to rhinitis, pharyngitis, tracheobronchitis and pneumonia. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  His fever subsided soon and clinical symptoms improved after minocycline was administrated on Day 12. The psittacosis case was confirmed by history of psittacine bird contact, clinical symptoms, treatment response, and positive IgM titer. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The likelihood of OP increased with increasing duration of fever (LR+ for more than three days and more than five days of fever, respectively: 1.62; 95% CI = 1.13 to 2.31 and 2.24; 95% CI = 1.35 to 3.71). [doi.org]

  He had history of prolonged low grade fever and non-productive cough for 5 days. [omicsonline.org]

• Malaise

  All are marked by extensive but short-lived pulmonary infiltration, fever, malaise, muscle pains, sore throat, and coughing. Copyright 2007. An Elsevier publication. All rights reserved. [web.archive.org]

  None had received the seasonal influenza vaccine; they had cough (92%), fever (86.8%), and malaise (73.7%). The median time from disease onset to hospital admission was 6 days (range 0-8 days). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Atypical bacterial pneumonia generally is characterised by a symptom complex that includes headache, low-grade fever, cough, and malaise. Constitutional symptoms often predominate over respiratory findings. [bestpractice.bmj.com]

  Clinical findings Incubation ± 3 weeks; insidious onset of fever, malaise, headache, myalgia, low-grade fever, cough, chest pain and respiratory disease, from asymptomatic to rhinitis, pharyngitis, tracheobronchitis and pneumonia. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Cough

  During the later stages of the illness, symptoms may worsen, the fever may become higher, and coughing may yield discolored phlegm (sputum). [my.clevelandclinic.org]

  It develops gradually with a dry cough and low-grade fever as opposed to sudden fever and coughing up mucus in bacterial pneumonia [1]. [ehealthstar.com]

  […] pri·mar·y a·typ·i·cal pneu·mo·ni·a an older term referring to an acute systemic disease with involvement of the lungs, usually caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and marked by fever, cough, relatively few physical signs, and scattered densities on x-rays [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  DO NOT take cough medicines without first talking to your provider. Cough medicines may make it harder for your body to cough up the extra sputum. Drink plenty of fluids to help loosen secretions and bring up phlegm. Get a lot of rest. [ufhealth.org]

• Pertussis

  This review will discuss the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and laboratory diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia sp., Legionella sp., Bordetella pertussis, and Coxiella bumetii, the most common agents associated with atypical pneumonia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The Mycoplasma pneumoniae PCR assay was tested for cross reactivity against Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, all relevant species of Chlamydophila, all relevant species of Legionella as well as human herpes viruses [viracoribt.com]

  There may also be dyspnea and, in some cases, the cough may take on a pertussis-like character. Some children may develop inflammation of the throat, cervical adenopathy, conjunctivitis, and myringitis. [phac-aspc.gc.ca]

  An epidemic of a pertussis-like illness caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1999; 18: 271-275. 21. Thom DH, Grayston JT, Wang SP, Kuo CC, Altamn J. [indianpediatrics.net]

• Tachypnea

  (Redirected from Rapid breathing) Tachypnea Other names Tachypnoea Pronunciation Specialty Respirology Tachypnea is abnormally rapid breathing. [en.wikipedia.org]

  Significant fever, tachypnea and tachycardia. PE exam typically demonstrates purulent sputum. Course of disease is much quicker, typically under 5 days of illness before the patient presents. [forums.studentdoctor.net]

  Patients were classified into two groups: “signs of pneumonia” and “no signs of pneumonia” on the basis of the presence or absence of respiratory distress, tachypnea, or lower respiratory tract findings. [doi.org]

  The disease usually starts with upper respiratory tract signs like nasal obstruction with or without discharge, which gradually worsen to cough and tachypnea. [indianpediatrics.net]

• Labored Breathing

  Other symptoms that may include: chills flu-like symptoms rapid breathing wheezing labored breathing chest pain abdominal pain vomiting loss of appetite Symptoms in children : Children, infants, and toddlers may show the same symptoms as adults. [healthline.com]

  A child whose infection is in the top or middle part of the lungs will probably have labored breathing. [kidshealth.org]

  + Minor criteria (≥2 minor criteria): respiratory rate higher than WHO classification for age; apnoea; increased labored breathing; the ratio between partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO 2 ) and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO 2 ) 6; altered mental [bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com]

• Rales

  As pneumonia progresses, rales appear in the chest, C. penumoniae is known to be associated with hyper-reactive airway. Infec-tion with C. pneumoniae can trigger acute epidosde of wheezing in children with asthma. [indianpediatrics.net]

  Harsh breath sounds from the larger airways that are transmitted through the inflamed lung are termed bronchial breathing and are heard on auscultation with a stethoscope.[20] Crackles (rales) may be heard over the affected area during inspiration.[20 [en.wikipedia.org]

  […] hypothermia (< 35°C) Tachypnea (>18 respirations/min) Use of accessory respiratory muscles Tachycardia (>100 bpm) or bradycardia (< 60 bpm) Central cyanosis Altered mental status Physical findings may include the following: Adventitious breath sounds, such as rales [emedicine.com]

• Chest Pain

  Herein we report a 44-year-old male patient displaying atypical pneumonia symptoms of intermittent fever, dry cough, chest pain, dyspnea, headache, hepatitis, and hyponatremia. He had two sick cockatiels, one of which had died a month previously. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Cough, fever, and substernal chest pain were common presenting complaints, and upper respiratory symptoms were often present. White blood cell counts ranged from 6,500 to 18,300/mm 3. [annals.org]

  If you have chest pain or confusion, you should seek emergency care. [emedicinehealth.com]

  Clinical findings Incubation ± 3 weeks; insidious onset of fever, malaise, headache, myalgia, low-grade fever, cough, chest pain and respiratory disease, from asymptomatic to rhinitis, pharyngitis, tracheobronchitis and pneumonia. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Minimally to non-productive cough often with chest pain (from cough, not pleuritic) with negative sputum stain. CXR often negative or demonstrating typically unilateral interstitial infiltrate. Mycoplasma is the big one, chlamydia pneumoniae #2. [forums.studentdoctor.net]

• Visual Impairment

  Visual impairment and central nervous system involvement is rare in autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type II [12]. Severe visual loss was reported in 19% of the patients by Waguespack et al. [21]. [hindawi.com]

  In 11 of the 12 cases, visual loss clearly had its onset in childhood, suggesting that visual impairment, when it occurs, has its onset early in life. [academic.oup.com]

• Headache

  Despite general symptoms and problems with the upper respiratory tract (such as high fever, headache, a dry irritating cough followed later by a productive cough with radiographs showing consolidation), there are in general few physical signs. [en.wikipedia.org]

  Herein we report a 44-year-old male patient displaying atypical pneumonia symptoms of intermittent fever, dry cough, chest pain, dyspnea, headache, hepatitis, and hyponatremia. He had two sick cockatiels, one of which had died a month previously. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  These might include a prominent headache, a low-grade fever, an earache, and a sore throat. [medicalnewstoday.com]

  Atypical bacterial pneumonia generally is characterised by a symptom complex that includes headache, low-grade fever, cough, and malaise. Constitutional symptoms often predominate over respiratory findings. [bestpractice.bmj.com]

• Agitation

  < 90 mm Hg or 20 mm Hg less than baseline Oxygen requirement of 3 L per minute more than baseline Uncontrolled chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, or diabetes If previously conscious, cannot be awakened New or increased agitation [aafp.org]

Challenges in Community-Acquired Pneumonia American Family Physician Atypical pneumonia General Practice Notebook Bono MJ, Mycoplasmal pneumonia Emedicine Bono MJ, Mycoplasmal pneumonia, clinical presentation Emedicine Bono MJ, Mycoplasmal pneumonia, workup [ehealthstar.com]

Urine assays Sputum, serum, and/or urinary antigen tests Immune serologic tests Histologic examination Histologic inflammatory lung changes vary according to whether the patient has lobar pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, or interstitial pneumonia. [2] See Workup [emedicine.com]

• Atelectasis

  Subsegmental and sometimes segmental atelectasis from small airway obstruction may occur. The radiographic features are often more extensive than what is suggested clinically. [radiopaedia.org]

  Other findings that suggest the presence of pneumonia include air bronchograms; the silhouette sign; parapneumonic effusions; and complications of pneumonia, such as lung abscesses, and atelectasis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Children treated as outpatients should have a follow-up examination within 24 to 72 hours. 31 View/Print Table TABLE 3 Conditions that May Mimic Community-Acquired Pneumonia Acute respiratory distress syndrome Atelectasis Bronchiolitis obliterans with [aafp.org]

• Leukocytosis

  Clinicians should continue to consider chest radiography in young highly febrile children with leukocytosis and no other identified source of infection. [doi.org]

  The fully developed case can usually be recognized by the nature and course of the symptoms, the character of the physical and roentgenographic findings in the lungs, the absence of sustained leukocytosis and the failure to find significant pathogenic [nejm.org]

  Lab Leukocytosis, relative increase in PMNs, cold hemagglutinins, biologic false-positive VDRL. Complications Erythema multiforme, Raynaud’s disease, cold agglutinin haemolysis; less commonly, neurological, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal defects. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Absence of leukocytosis. Extrapulmonary symptoms, related to the causing organism. Moderate amount of sputum, or no sputum at all (i.e. non-productive). Lack of alveolar exudate. [en.wikipedia.org]

In the azithromycin treatment group, Mycoplasma pneumoniae was identified in 65, Chlamydia spp. in 9 and Coxiella burnetti in 1 patient. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment failure: as defined in study, with and without treatment modifications. 21. Mechanical ventilation. 22. Adverse events: life‐threatening events, events necessitating specific medical treatment, events requiring cessation of treatment. [doi.org]

CONCLUSION: This analysis of pneumonia in the Al-Qassim area indicates the pattern and prognosis of acute bacterial and atypical pneumonia that requires admission to hospital in the central region of Saudi Arabia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis for the AD adult subtype is good with a reasonable life expectancy. [radiopaedia.org]

Prognosis. Chlamydia pneumoniae infection is usually mild, but may last for several weeks or months; in older individuals, it may be life-threatening; mortality among individuals treated with antibiotics is ~5% [9,11]. [ehealthstar.com]

Noninfectious etiologies must be considered in atypical and nonresolving pneumonias. [emedicine.medscape.com]

M. pneumoniae was an important microorganism in the etiology of atypical pneumonia of childhood in our community. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract INTRODUCTION According to Smadel, 16 "Primary atypical pneumonia is a clinical-pathological entity which has a diverse etiology. [annals.org]

SUMMARY: There are few advances in our knowledge of the epidemiology of atypical pathogens or the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy--empirical or pathogen specific. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Weekly Epidemiological Record = Relevé épidémiologique hebdomadaire, 56 (‎20)‎, 158. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/223490 Revue Weekly Epidemiological Record = Relevé épidémiologique hebdomadaire, 56 (‎20)‎: 158 [apps.who.int]

There are few advances in our knowledge of the epidemiology of atypical pathogens or the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy - empirical or pathogen specific. [journals.lww.com]

Amongst pathophysiological causes, tachypnea can be a symptom of sepsis, compensation for diabetic ketoacidosis or other metabolic acidosis, pneumonia, pleural effusion, carbon monoxide poisoning, pulmonary embolism, asthma, COPD, laryngospasm, allergic [en.wikipedia.org]

References Cheng AC, BartJC (2005) Melioidosis: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, andManagement, Clinical Microbiology Review 12: 383-416. [omicsonline.org]

Pathophysiology The organism responsible for mycoplasmal pneumonia, M pneumoniae, is a pleomorphic organism that, unlike bacteria, lacks a cell wall, and unlike viruses, does not need a host cell for replication. [emedicine.com]

Centers of Disease Control and Prevention [ehealthstar.com]

Medicine, Hygiene | keywords: | published on: 23.6.2016 Loaóza discipline: Epidemiology, Preventive Medicine, Hygiene | keywords: | published on: 21.12.2016 Dirofilarióza discipline: Epidemiology, Preventive Medicine, Hygiene | keywords: | published [portal.mefanet.cz]

(November 6, 2017) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC Features: Pneumonia can be prevented—vaccines can help. Available online at https://www.cdc.gov/Features/Pneumonia/. Accessed on September 8, 2018. [labtestsonline.org]

CONCLUSION: TCM intervention could effectively control and alleviate the symptoms and prevent the disease from exacerbation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]