HSP is classified according to the clinical phenotype as either pure or complex, the latter presenting with neurological and systemic impairments in addition to spastic paraparesis. [journals.lww.com]

Muscle weakness when present is seen in iliopsoas, tibialis anterior and, to a lesser extent, the hamstrings. [jnnp.bmj.com]

A 19-year-old young man, born out of a nonconsanguineous marriage, presented with a history of progressive difficulty in walking for the past 3 years. [neurologyindia.com]

Thirty-six patients (67%) presented with pure HSP and 18 (33%) with complicated HSP. [nature.com]

• Hyperreflexia

  Affiliated tissues include spinal cord, and related phenotypes are hyperreflexia and cognitive impairment [malacards.org]

  Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) comprise a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterised by progressive spasticity and hyperreflexia of the lower limbs. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Examination at the age of 22 years after a traffic accident revealed failure of abduction of the left eye, hyperreflexia in all four extremities and Babinski sign. [journals.plos.org]

• Spastic Gait

  Roughly 50 HSP genes, denoted spastic gait genes (SPG), have been localized (mapping of the locus), and about 20 of them have been identified explaining approximately 40-60% of autosomal forms. [telethon.it]

  Diagnosis of SPG is established by the following clinical features 1, 2 : Typical clinical symptoms of spastic gait impairment and neurologic findings of spastic weakness, hyperreflexia, typically associated with bilateral extensor plantar responses A [centogene.com]

  Hereditary spastic paraplegia ( HSP ) is a group of inherited diseases whose main feature is a progressive gait disorder. [en.wikipedia.org]

  The key diagnostic findings are lower limb weakness, increased muscle tone, hyperreflexia, extensor plantar responses, and gait spasticity [ 2 ]. [bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com]

  Keywords Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Spastic Paraparesis Primary Lateral Sclerosis Spastic Gait Hereditary Spastic Paraparesis These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. [link.springer.com]

• Babinski Sign

  Affiliated tissues include globus pallidus, skin and bone, and related phenotypes are babinski sign and lower limb hyperreflexia Disease Ontology : 12 A hereditary spastic paraplegia that has material basis in mutation in the CYP2U1 gene on chromosome [malacards.org]

  Examination at the age of 22 years after a traffic accident revealed failure of abduction of the left eye, hyperreflexia in all four extremities and Babinski sign. [journals.plos.org]

  Deep tendon reflexes were increased in all patients with clonus in 3 and bilateral Babinski sign in 4. [bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com]

  Pedigree number Gender Age at examination (years) Onset of symptoms  (years) SPRS SARA INAS Hyperreflexia UL/LL Babinski sign Clonus Decreased vibration sense Bladder disturbances Degree of disability MMSE Other signs PED1/II-1 proband M 56 40 24/52 [omicsonline.org]

• Lower Extremity Spasticity

  The hereditary spastic paraplegias are a group of clinically and genetically diverse disorders characterized by progressive, usually severe, lower extremity spasticity; see reviews of {13:Fink et al. (1996)} and {14:Fink (1997)}. [diseaseinfosearch.org]

  The following individuals are candidates for spastic paraplegia-related gene testing: Individuals with a family history of hereditary spastic paraplegia and presentation of lower extremity spasticity and weakness and other common symptoms Individuals [centogene.com]

  Pure HSPs are characterized by slowly progressive lower extremity spasticity and weakness, corticospinal tract signs, variable hypertonic urinary disturbances, and mild reduction of lower extremity vibration sense and proprioception. [ng.neurology.org]

High-arched feet (pescavus) are generally present and are usually prominent in older patients. workup Genetic Testing 43. Imaging Studies MRI scans may demonstrate atrophy of the spinal cord. [slideshare.net]

Our findings confirm that this is indeed not an uncommon presentation of this disorder and we suggest that SPG7 gene analysis should be included in the diagnostic workup of autosomal recessive PEO, especially if spasticity is present. [journals.plos.org]

Treatment of acute hyperkalaemia in adults [PDF] This guideline has been developed to improve the treatment of acute hyperkalaemia and reduce the risk of complications associated with hyperkalaemia and its treatment. This guideline is a... [evidence.nhs.uk]

It is to be noted, however, that vinblastine treatment was associated with small levels of toxicity (Figure 1 and Supplemental Figure 4). [jci.org]

Treatment [ edit ] No specific treatment is known that would prevent, slow, or reverse HSP. Available therapies mainly consist of symptomatic medical management and promoting physical and emotional well-being. [en.wikipedia.org]

TREATMENT Currently, no specific treatment exists to prevent, retard, or reverse progressive disability in patients with HSP. [slideshare.net]

Marelli C, Lamari F, Rainteau D, et al. (2018) Plasma oxysterols: biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment in spastic paraplegia type 5. Brain 141: 72–84. [els.net]

Prognosis [ edit ] Although HSP is a progressive condition, the prognosis for individuals with HSP varies greatly. It primarily affects the legs although there can be some upperbody involvement in some individuals. [en.wikipedia.org]

Prognosis Edit Although HSP is a progressive condition and usually starts in the legs and spreads to other muscles, ultimately leading to confinement to bed, the prognosis for individuals with HSP varies greatly. [psychology.wikia.com]

Disorders, the prognosis of which differs significantly from HSP, such as multiple sclerosis and familial motor neuron disease should also be excluded. The necessity for investigations will vary depending on the individual clinical picture. [jnnp.bmj.com]

[…] inversely correlated with quality of life in a previous study. 31 As the majority of patients in our cohort who met the clinical criteria for HSP did not have a genetic diagnosis, this illustrates the need for studies of clinical parameters which influence prognosis [ng.neurology.org]

Risch N et. al. (1999) A genomic screen of autism: evidence for a multilocus etiology. [^] 26. [moldiag.com]

Article / Publication Details First-Page Preview Abstract Objective: Investigation of etiological factors in mental retardation (MR). [karger.com]

MtDNA defects of either primary or secondary etiology are known to segregate predominantly in clinically affected tissues. [journals.plos.org]

Consequently, they are often approached together in epidemiological studies. [karger.com]

„Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in Molise, a central-southern region of Italy: an epidemiological study.” Neuroepidemiology, 2002;21: 241-245. [tankonyvtar.hu]

Jorde LB et. al. (1990) The UCLA-University of Utah epidemiologic survey of autism: genealogical analysis of familial aggregation. [^] 6. [moldiag.com]

The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical presentation and molecular epidemiology of the largest cohort of HSP in Greece, comprising 54 patients from 40 families. [nature.com]

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 6. Impaired cellular membrane trafficking 7. More particularly axonal transport of macromolecules and organelles. 8. Mutation of proteins, spastin and atlastin-1 causes impaired cellular membrane trafficking. [slideshare.net]

„New insights into the pathophysiology of pes cavus in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A duplication.” J Neurol, 2011;258: 1594-602. Berciano J, Sevilla T, Casasnovas C, Sivera R, Vílchez JJ, Infante J, Ramón C, Pelayo-Negro AL, Illa I. [tankonyvtar.hu]

Pathophysiology [ edit ] The major feature of HSP is a length dependent axonal degeneration. [21] These include the crossed and uncrossed corticospinal tracts to the legs and fasciculus gracilis. [en.wikipedia.org]

Involuntary eyelid closure after STN-DBS: evidence for different pathophysiological entities. D. Weiss, T. Wächter, S. Breit, SN Jacob, JK Pomper, F. Asmus, J. Valls-Solé, C. Plewnia, T. Gasser, A. Gharabaghi, R. [dzne.de]

The results suggest that inhibited endocytosis is part of the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to HSP in this family. [bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com]

Suicide prevention Everything NICE has said on preventing suicide in community and residential custodial and detention settings in an interactive flowchart Bipolar disorder Everything NICE has said on recognising, assessing and managing bipolar disorder [evidence.nhs.uk]

TREATMENT Currently, no specific treatment exists to prevent, retard, or reverse progressive disability in patients with HSP. [slideshare.net]

The majority of individuals with HSP have a normal life expectancy. [2] Treatment Edit No specific treatment is know that would prevent, slow, or reverse HSP. [psychology.wikia.com]

Treatment [ edit ] No specific treatment is known that would prevent, slow, or reverse HSP. Available therapies mainly consist of symptomatic medical management and promoting physical and emotional well-being. [en.wikipedia.org]

DJ-1 and prevention of oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease and other age-related disorders. Kahle PJ, Waak J, Gasser T. (2009), Free Radic Biol Med. 2009 Aug 14. [dzne.de]