Symptoms, if present, include diarrhea, dysentery, and abdominal pain (See Clinical Presentation ). [web.stanford.edu]

A unique case of chronic balantidiasis is described, presenting with chronic colitis and inflammatory polyposis of the rectum and sigmoid colon and an intrapulmonary mass. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Clinical features, when present, include persistent diarrhea, occasionally dysentery, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Symptoms can be severe in debilitated persons. [healthdictionary.info]

JOURNAL ARTICLES Lucas SD., Invasive balantidiasis presented as chronic colitis and lung involvement. Dig Dis Sci. 1989;34:1621-23. Currie AR., Human balantidiasis. A case report. S Afr J Surg. 1990;28:23-25. [rarediseases.org]

• Hodgkin Lymphoma

  Abstract A 56-year-old Caucasian man with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, who had previously been treated with prolonged intensive chemotherapy, was hospitalized for an acute and reversible kidney injury of multifactorial origin. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Dysentery caused by Balantidium coli in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma from Turkey. World J Gastroenterol. 2004 Feb 1. 10(3):458-9. [Medline]. Bellanger AP, Scherer E, Cazorla A, Grenouillet F. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Pseudotumor

  […] antacids, food, dairy products, and supplements decrease absorption; increases anticoagulant effect of warfarin; decreases efficacy of oral contraceptives; increases serum levels of digoxin and lithium; concurrent use of retinoids can increase risk of pseudotumor [web.archive.org]

• Aspiration

  Histology of the colonic polyps showed Balantidium coli, and both Aspergillus and Balantidium coli were found in the aspirate of the pulmonary mass. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Diarrhea

  ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code R19.7 Diarrhea, unspecified 2016 2017 2018 2019 Billable/Specific Code Applicable To Diarrhea NOS Type 1 Excludes functional diarrhea ( K59.1 ) neonatal diarrhea ( P78.3 ) psychogenic diarrhea ( F45.8 ) balantidial A07.0 Dysentery [icd10data.com]

  Symptoms, if present, include diarrhea, dysentery, and abdominal pain (See Clinical Presentation ). [web.stanford.edu]

  diarrheal (disease) (infantile) (inflammatory) - R19.7 balantidial - A07.0 Dysentery, dysenteric (catarrhal) (diarrhea) (epidemic) (hemorrhagic) (infectious) (sporadic) (tropical) - A09 balantidial - A07.0 Balantidium coli - A07.0 Infection, infected [icd10coded.com]

  His illness began with a slight stomach ache, but his symptoms worsened to the point that he spent that last two days in the bathroom with diarrhea. [study.com]

• Abdominal Pain

  Clinical features, when present, include persistent diarrhea, occasionally dysentery, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Symptoms can be severe in debilitated persons. [healthdictionary.info]

  The infectiou has_symptom cramping, has_symptom abdominal pain, has_symptom nausea and has_symptom foul breath. [ http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ontology/webulous#OPPL_pattern ] Synonyms: disease due to Balantidiidae (disorder), Balantidiasis (disorder), Balantidiasis [ebi.ac.uk]

  Symptoms, if present, include diarrhea, dysentery, and abdominal pain (See Clinical Presentation ). [web.stanford.edu]

  Balantidium coli infection is mostly asymptomatic, but people with other serious illnesses can experience persistent diarrhea, abdominal pain, and sometimes a perforated colon. [cdc.gov]

• Nausea

  Symptoms of balantidiasis include stomach pains, nausea, and diarrhea. Unlock Content Over 75,000 lessons in all major subjects Get access risk-free for 30 days, just create an account. Try it risk-free No obligation, cancel anytime. [study.com]

  • Common affected area Colon • Symptoms Diarrhea or Dysentery Colic Nausea Vomiting Treatment Three medications are used most often to treat Balantidium coli: tetracycline, metronidazole, and iodoquinol Other info: Occurs more commonly in pigs than [quizlet.com]

  The infectiou has_symptom cramping, has_symptom abdominal pain, has_symptom nausea and has_symptom foul breath. [ http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ontology/webulous#OPPL_pattern ] Synonyms: disease due to Balantidiidae (disorder), Balantidiasis (disorder), Balantidiasis [ebi.ac.uk]

  Balantidiosis symptoms -diarrhoea with ample amount of blood and mucus -nausea and vomiting -loss of appetite -loss of weight -blood morphology anaemia Balantidiosis development cycle The protozoon is widespread and a pig is a typical host of the parasite [e-cleansing.com]

  Symptoms & Signs The most common symptoms of Balantidiasis: Asymptomatic Fever Nausea Vomiting Abdominal pain Bloody diarrhea Intestinal ulcers Complications The list below is the common complications or problems experienced by individuals affected by [signssymptoms.org]

• Chronic Diarrhea

  Weight loss Occurs secondary to chronic diarrhea. [2,7] [explainmedicine.com]

  Common symptoms of Balantidiasis include chronic diarrhea, occasional dysentery (diarrhea with passage of blood or mucus), nausea, foul breath, colitis (inflammation of the colon), abdominal pain, weight loss, deep intestinal ulcerations, and possibly [streetdirectory.com]

• Constipation

  One of the symptoms of balantidiasis in humans is either diarrhea or constipation. In pigs, balantidiasis does not cause harm, and, as such, is usually asymptomatic. See also: Balantidium coli' parasitism Reference(s): 1 Roberts, L. [biology-online.org]

  Most balantidial infections are asymptomatic or characterized by intermittent diarrhea or constipation. Severe infections may cause abdominal pain, colonic tenderness, fever, anorexia, and severe diarrhea. [histopathology-india.net]

  In people with other serious illnesses that weaken the immune system, the parasite may cause frequent diarrhea or constipation, abdominal pain or a perforated colon (a hole in the stomach, bowel or intestines causing a medical emergency). [diseaseinfosearch.org]

  In most cases, particularly where pravostoronnem kolite dominated diarrhea-shorts to a 15 or more times a day, often alternating diarrhoea and constipation. [hoodia.editboard.com]

• Myelopathy

  Balantidium coli: an unrecognized cause of vertebral osteomyelitis and myelopathy. J Neurosurg Spine. 2013 Mar. 18(3):310-3. [Medline]. Esteban JG, Aguirre C, Angles R, et al. Balantidiasis in Aymara children from the northern Bolivian Altiplano. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Colonic Ulcer

  Some trophozoites invade the wall of the colon and multiply, causing ulcerative pathology in the colon wall. Some return to the lumen and disintegrate. Mature cysts are passed with feces. Hosts Swine are the primary reservoir hosts. [cdc.gov]

Many people clear the infection spontaneously without treatment. Infected individuals usually respond well to treatment using one of the aforementioned regimens. If left untreated, Balantidiasis can become chronic. [web.stanford.edu]

[…] of balantidiasis in Honduras. ( 13040661 ) HOEKENGA M.T. 1953 30 [Treatment of balantidiasis]. ( 13102340 ) MIRONOV P.N. 1953 31 The treatment of stovarsol-resistant balantidiasis with aureomycin; a case report. ( 13141256 ) WATTLEY G.H. 1953 32 The [malacards.org]

The treatment includes the use of disinfectants and bactericidal agents. [encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com]

Prognosis In the antibiotic era, severe balantidiasis carries an improved prognosis, and most affected patients now recover. [emedicine.com]

Prognosis Although somewhat dependent on the patient's overall health, in general, the prognosis for most patients with balantidiasis is good. [encyclopedia.com]

The group of biologically active nitroheterocyclic compounds includes various 5- and 2-nitroimidazoles and 5-nitrofurans, which… (More) Rodolfo Devera, Ixora Requena, +5 authors Maria Silva Boletin chileno de parasitologia 1999 Balantidium coli is the etiologic [semanticscholar.org]

[from NCI ] Etiology Cornea 2016 Dec;35(12):1665-1667. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000000982. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Causes of balantidiasis The etiologic agent of balantidiasis acts ciliary ciliate Balantidium coli. Balantidia are the largest members of the intestinal protozoa, parasitic in the human body. Their life cycle is 2 stage – tistou and autonomic. [osvilt.com]

B coli produces hyaluronidase, potentially enhancing its ability to invade the mucosa. [1] Epidemiology Frequency United States Balantidiasis is found worldwide and has an overall estimated prevalence of 1%. [emedicine.com]

Unfortunately, poor overall health is a common trait of the populations most affected by Balantidium coli (See Epidemiology ). The symptoms described are for the acute cases that appear when Balantidium coli is invasive. [web.stanford.edu]

Pathophysiology B coli exists as a trophozoite and a cyst and usually affects the large intestine, from the caecum to the rectum. The trophozoites replicate by binary fission and conjugation, and they subsist on bacteria. [emedicine.com]

Prevention requires effective personal and community hygiene. Some Prevention involve monitoring the contacts of balantidiasis patients. Proper food handling. [streetdirectory.com]

Prevention involves prompt detection and mandatory treatment of carriers of balantidia and patients. REFERENCES Svanidze, D. P. Amebiaz i balantidiaz. Moscow, 1959. (Bibliography.) Shevtsov, A. A. Velerinarnaia parazitologiia. Moscow, 1965. [encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com]

Prevention There are no immunization procedures or medications that can be taken prior to potential exposure to prevent balantidiasis. Moreover, people who have had the disease can become reinfected. [encyclopedia.com]

Preventative measures should be taken when traveling to areas where this infection or parasite is common (endemic) such as the Philippines. [diseaseinfosearch.org]