It is present in 0.5 to 2 % of live births (1). [msdmanuals.com]

Outcomes in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Bicuspid versus Tricuspid Aortic Valve Stenosis 8 De Biase Chiara BivolutX presented at PCR LV 2019 *Evolut™ TAVI Platform is indicated for treatment of patients with severe bicuspid aortic stenosis [medtronic.com]

• Regurgitation

  If aortic stenosis or aortic regurgitation develops, the person may tire easily, and have shortness of breath, fainting, awareness of heartbeats (palpitations), and chest pain. [msdmanuals.com]

  Frequency by decades of unicuspid, bicuspid, and tricuspid aortic valves in adults having isolated aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis, with or without associated aortic regurgitation. Circulation. 2005;111:920-5. [ Links ] 27. [scielo.org.mx]

• Ejection Murmur

  Examination reveals an early systolic click, a systolic ejection murmur and, if aortic regurgitation is present, a diastolic decrescendo murmur. Echocardiography Diagnosis is by physical examination findings and echocardiography. [msdmanuals.com]

Balloon dilation or surgical repair Treatment of bicuspid aortic valve is indicated if severe valve dysfunction develops and if symptoms occur. Treatment consists of balloon dilation or surgical repair of stenotic valves. [msdmanuals.com]

January 2016;102(2):107-113. 6 Mangieri_EuroPCR 2019_Balloon vs self expandable valve for treatment of bicuspid aortic valve stenosis the BEAT international collaborative registry 7 Sung-Han Yoon, MD, et al. [medtronic.com]

Tadros TM, Klein MD, Shapira OM: Ascending aortic dilatation associated with bicuspid aortic valve: pathophysiology, molecular biology, and clinical implications. [msdmanuals.com]

Clinical and pathophysiological aspects of bicuspid aortic valve disease. Cardiol Young. 2019;29:1-10. [ Links ] 2. Ward C. Clinical significance of the bicuspid aortic valve. Heart. 2000;83:81-5. [ Links ] 3. Siu SC, Silversides CK. [scielo.org.mx]