The child may have a wide range of presentations. Most of the cases are asymptomatic until they present with sudden onset stridor preceded by upper respiratory tract infections. [intechopen.com]

She has presented over 70 peer reviewed presentations at national and international conferences on voice and respiratory disorders. Dr. [speechpathology.com]

Bilateral vocal cord paralysis may present as dyspnea if the paralyzed cords rest close to the midline, reducing the glottic area available for air movement. [radiopaedia.org]

Therefore recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy is also called vocal cord paralysis and may be the first presentation of severe pathology such as cancer. People often present with hoarseness, coughing and exertional dyspnea. [youtube.com]

In this case, Ziemssen´s Syndrome presented as the main responsible for the diagnosis of esophagus cancer of the patient. The esophagus tumor presented in advanced stage, and surgery is not recommended. [arquivosdeorl.org.br]

• Hodgkin Lymphoma

  LYMPHOMA TADA Yuichiro, INAMURA Hiroo, KOHSHU Hidehiro, TAKAHASHI Nobuaki, AOYAGI Masaru, TOJIMA Hitoshi Facial N Res Jpn 16 61-64 Dec 1996 DIAGNOSTIC MEANING OF NERVE EXCITABILITY TEST IN BELL'S PALSY : COMPARISON WITH ELECTRONEUROGRAPHY TAKAHASHI Nobuaki [researchmap.jp]

• Hoarseness

  […] cricothyroid affected (Pitch raiser) -slackened cord produces hoarse, rough vocal quality (b/c anterior pull from crico isn't there) bilateral superior laryngeal nerve paralysis crico paralyzed on both sides -voice is hoarse, drops in pitch, lacks inflection [quizlet.com]

  Damage to this nerve can manifest as ipsilateral cricothyroid muscle paralysis, and clinical symptoms may include a hoarse, breathy voice, frequent throat clearing, vocal fatigue or diminished vocal frequency range, especially when rising pitch. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Stridor

  Hypocalcaemic stridor and infantile nutritional rickets. BMJ 1995;310(6971):48-9. Srivastava A, Ravindran V. Stridor secondary to hypocalcaemia in the elderly: an unusual presentation. Eur J Intern Med 2008;19(3):219-20. Epub 2007 Sep 19. [signavitae.com]

  Corticosteroids can be given in cases presenting with stridor to reduce vocal cord oedema. [intechopen.com]

  This is a case of postextubation stridor following subtotal thyroidectomy due to bilateral RLN damage and its management. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Vocal cord palsy is a common cause of stridor in newborn infants, although in many cases it is considered idiopathic. [nature.com]

• Laryngeal Disease

  Keywords: Cysts; Epiglottis; Intubation, Intratracheal; Laryngeal Diseases Introduction Cysts in the larynx are rare and usually follow a benign course. They may be accompanied by acute airway obstruction by nature of their location. [scielo.br]

• Guillain-Barré Syndrome

  Traumatic palsy, Guillain-Barré syndrome and facial schwannoma were rare, with rates below 3%. [ci.nii.ac.jp]

  […] folds.[4] Due to its variable nature, the progression of vocal fold paresis may fluctuate, so it may be characterized differently from one evaluation to the next.[3] Fluctuating vocal fold paresis has been observed in neurodegenerative disorders like Guillain–Barré [en.wikipedia.org]

• Polyneuropathy

  The other seven (64 %) developed BVFI from cancer treatment interventions: three with post-radiation polyneuropathy and four from injury or intentional transection during surgery for their disease. [journalotohns.biomedcentral.com]

  This clinical distinction was made on clinical grounds such as accompanying cranial polyneuropathy. The advantage of the 'proximal' and 'distal' distinction may have its basis in the preference for MRI in skull base and intracranial imaging [8]. [ejo.eg.net]

• Cesarean Section

  section and other gynecological patients, particularly when endotracheal tubes of sizes larger than 7.5mm ID (p < 0.03) were used. 47 This study indicates that the CO 2 pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position used during laparoscopy increase endotracheal [hormones.gr]

Although a small number of conditions account for most cases of vocal cord immobility, this article presents a comprehensive differential diagnosis, followed by the clinical presentations, diagnostic workup, and treatment options. [emedicine.medscape.com]

This paper addresses the established diagnostic workup for VFI and critically evaluates the contribution of different modalities to VFI diagnosis. [ejo.eg.net]

An accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment is needed as this condition may progress to acute respiratory failure. [scielo.br]

Cordectomy was undertaken in one patient for treatment of vocal cord paralysis in adducted position, and no surgical treatment was performed in case of paralysis in abducted position. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

Coblator arytenoidectomy in the treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2015 2015:487280. 32. Dennis DP, Kashima H. Carbon dioxide laser posterior cordectomy for treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralysis. [e-ceo.org]

[…] changes that may result from cancer treatment. [nyee.edu]

Chevalier Jackson was the first to introduce surgical treatment in BVFI via an open approach cordectomy and ventriculocordectomy [ 10 ]. [journalotohns.biomedcentral.com]

Moreover, in many cases, laryngeal electromyography yields reliable prognosis of clinical outcome. While unfavorable results can be predicted with high accuracy, correct prognosis of complete recovery is more difficult. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis In patients with significant dysphonia 6-12 months after the onset of symptoms, the prognosis for spontaneous recovery is poor. [emedicine.medscape.com]

The position of the paralyzed VF carries no significance with respect to the site of injury or prognosis. [ejo.eg.net]

Laryngeal electromyography and prognosis of unilateral vocal fold paralysis-A long-term prospective study. Laryngoscope. Laryngoscope. 2015;125(4):898-903. Volk GF, Hagen R, Pototschnig C, Friedrich G, Nawka T, Arens C, et al. [ijorl.com]

Prognosis was excellent, with spontaneous recovery associated with resolution of the bleed. References 1. Daya H, Hosni A, Bejar-Solar I, Evans JN, Bailey CM. Pediatric vocal fold paralysis: a long-term retrospective study. [nature.com]

Vocal cord paralysis-1979: etiology and management. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(4):585-90. [ Links ] 19. Feehery JM, Pribitkin EA, Heffelfinger RN, Lacombe VG, Lee D, Lowry LD, et al. The evolving etiology of bilateral vocal fold immobility. [scielo.br]

Etiology of Vocal Cord Paralysis in Adults. View Table|Favorite Table|Download (.pdf) Table 32–1. Etiology of Vocal Cord Paralysis in Adults. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

Etiologies of the paralyses from both vocal folds are in large number, and sequelae from thyroid gland surgery predominates (3). Tumor diseases of the cervical and mediastinum areas are less common etiologies (3). [arquivosdeorl.org.br]

Etiology The etiology of BVFI in the study population, in decreasing order of incidence, included thyroid disease or associated surgery, intubation-related injury, congenital, central neurological disorders, autoimmune disease, and surgery or cancer of [journalotohns.biomedcentral.com]

Epidemiology of vocal fold paralyses after total thyroidectomy for well-differentiated thyroid cancer in a Medicare population. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2014;150:548-57. Wang CC, Chang MH, De Virgilio A, Jiang RS, Lai HC, Wang CP, et al. [ijorl.com]

BRLNP is rare, occurring in approx. 0.2% of thyroidectomies for benign thyroid affections. (2) Epidemiological data on late BRLNP after thyroidectomy is spares. [signavitae.com]

Post-surgical intervention is warranted to restore laryngeal muscle strength, agility and coordination.[20] Epidemiology[edit] Due to the complex and controversial nature of this condition,[3] epidemiological (incidence) reports vary significantly and [en.wikipedia.org]

Pathophysiology Although a comprehensive discussion of each of the causes is beyond the scope of this article, some principles should be emphasized. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Pathophysiology There are several different mechanisms of nerve injury and means of nerve regrowth (7). [academic.oup.com]

The most important aspect of an effective and safe surgical approach is a vast knowledge of surgical anatomy and pathophysiology in combination with meticulous handling and dissection of tissue. [ispub.com]

One possible pathophysiological explanation regarding this clinical presentation could be the compression of the nerve, specifically the anterior branch of RLN, 45 between an inflated endotracheal tube cuff and the overlying thyroid cartilage, especially [hormones.gr]

Prevention of RLN injury The key for avoiding and reducing RLN injury should be placed on the prevention, and the prevention methods are as follows: 1) improvement of preoperative examination (because the preoperative detailed examination can assess in [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It is important to identify and monitor these patients to prevent confusion with regard to etiology and outcome. [laryngologyandvoice.org]

It prevents something from entering the throat except as part of normal swallowing and helps prevent choking. Possible complications Breathing - if symptoms are severe enough the patient can have serious, life-threatening breathing problems. [medicalnewstoday.com]

Anyway the best result is in the primary surgery at the time of Thyroidectomy, that the surgeon should carefully dissect the nerve and prevent to damage the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Biography : Email: [email protected] [longdom.org]

To prevent a decrease in oxygen saturation (SaO2), the patient was ventilated with a facial mask. [scielo.br]