Neuroblastoma presenting with obstructive jaundice is a rare event. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Aspiration

  First, biliary tract was punctured using 19-G fine needle aspiration needle. Next, we immediately inserted the novel balloon catheter, and the biliary tract and intestinal wall were dilated. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The pleural aspirate was bile stained suggesting an iatrogenic biliary pleural fistula; this is a rare complication of PTC. [pmj.bmj.com]

  Bile was aspirated and a cholangiogram demonstrated good filling of the right and left duct systems with no evidence of a stricture proximal to the puncture site ( Figure 2 ). [pancreas.imedpub.com]

  Correct biliary puncture is confirmed with bile aspiration and cholangiography through the needle. [link.springer.com]

  The location of biliary calculi and benign strictures, the diameter and tension of the common bile duct at the time of drainage, and the appearance of aspirated bile were also recorded. [nejm.org]

• Biliary Colic

  It is clear that some people who develop the symptoms and complications of gallstones -- biliary colic, cholecystitis, or pancreatitis - have only these microscopic particles in their gallbladders, particles too small to obstruct the bile ducts. [medicinenet.com]

• Epistaxis

  Transnasal insertion of a TNE endoscope was feasible in all patients, without epistaxis. TNE BD was achieved in all patients. Abdominal pain, fever, and jaundice improved 24 hours after the procedure in all patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A biliary drain can also be used to take bile samples for diagnostic workup or disease monitoring, as well as providing a route of administration for medical substances. [en.wikipedia.org]

Surgical exploration was canceled in two patients in the early-surgery group because of choledocholithiasis in one patient and pulmonary metastases of a previous breast carcinoma identified during the workup in the other. [nejm.org]

• Pneumoperitoneum

  Immediate adverse events developed after EUS-BD in 9 patients (16.6%; cholangitis in 3, bleeding in 2, self-limited pneumoperitoneum in 3, and abdominal pain in 1). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Complications occur at a rate of 1-20% and include bile peritonitis, pneumoperitoneum, bleeding and cholangitis. The optimal choice of stent is unclear. [pancreas.imedpub.com]

  Furthermore, radial expansion of a CMS can, hypothetically, minimize the possibility for complications such as bile peritonitis or pneumoperitoneum because the fistula is immediately sealed by the CMS itself. [link.springer.com]

Although a large-scale, multicenter study is required to investigate the indications and complications of ESBD, it is no doubt that we have now more treatment options for non-surgical biliary drainage. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

BACKGROUND: Ampulla of Vater (AOV) carcinoma is a rare malignancy but has a relatively good prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The etiology of biliary obstruction was malignancy in 35 (56.4%) patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

There are several techniques that can be used to establish the etiology of bile duct strictures. Typically brush or forceps biopsy can be performed through an existing tract ( 13 ). [cco.amegroups.com]

and Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (P.M.M.B.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam; the Departments of Surgery (C.H.J.E.) and Gastroenterology (M.J.B.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam; the Departments of Surgery (E.H.) and Gastroenterology [nejm.org]

Definitions, pathophysiology, and epidemiology of acute cholangitis and cholecystitis: Tokyo Guidelines. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2007;14:15-26. [ Crossref ] [ PubMed ] Gigot JF, Leese T, Dereme T, et al. Acute cholangitis. [cco.amegroups.com]

Background: Patients with obstructive jaundice have various pathophysiological changes that affect the liver, kidney, heart, and the immune system. [cochrane.org]

Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology/Diagnosis/Management. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 64. Fogel EL, Sherman S. Diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts. [nlm.nih.gov]

Definitions, pathophysiology, and epidemiology of acute cholangitis and cholecystitis: Tokyo Guidelines. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2007;14:15-26. [ Crossref ] [ PubMed ] Gigot JF, Leese T, Dereme T, et al. Acute cholangitis. [cco.amegroups.com]

This technique was evaluated as a new approach to prolongation of stent patency and prevention of cholangitis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]