Edit concept
Question Editor
Create issue ticket
Biliary Tract Infection
Presentation
- A cause of the development of bleeding tendency in obstructive jaundice presently observed may likely to be due to the occurrence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), i.e. hypercoagulability caused by the biliary tract infection is responsible[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The objective of the present study was to compare the demographics, risk factors, and clinical outcomes between patients with biliary tract infection caused by ESBL-producing and non-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Death was uncommon but when it occurred was often caused by septic shock within 48 h of presentation.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- At present, though there are perspectives of rational conservative treat ment and though endoscopic techniques permit removing some of its complications even without laparotomy, the basic treatment method still remains, and probably shall remain for long[books.google.com]
- Charcot’s triad of right upper quadrant pain, fever, and jaundice is present in 70% of patients with acute bacterial cholangitis.[clinicalgate.com]
Respiratoric
Respiratory Distress
- Other six cases developed diffuse bleeding tendency in addition to the signs of hypotension and multiorgan dysfunction such as oliguria, respiratory distress and mental confusion.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Gastrointestinal
Upper Abdominal Pain
- Result of FA test was related to clinical findings such as fever and leucocytosis, but was not to upper abdominal pain, jaundice, liver function test abnormality and the presence of gallstones.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Parameters: (1) local symptoms (upper abdominal pain and tenderness, other) (2) body temperature and fever (3) erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (4) white blood cell (WBC) count (5) serum ALT (6) serum AST (7) serum conjugated bilirubin in µmol/L ([meducator3.net]
- Ninety percent of the patients complain of upper abdominal pain and have enlarged intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts on abdominal ultrasonography.[doi.org]
- Sudden severe upper abdominal pain RUQ tenderness and guarding Low grade fever Jaundice is usually absent Complications Early Acute suppurative cholangitis Hepatic ascariasis Acute pancreatitis Late- calculi and strictures 37.[slideshare.net]
Cardiovascular
Chest Pain
- Gallstone attacks can produce chest pain that may feel like a heart attack. If a pain is new and different than other pains the symptoms should be discussed with a physician.[patients.gi.org]
Liver, Gall & Pancreas
Biliary Colic
- *Antibiotics are not required in: Biliary colic without sepsis Mild diverticulitis without sepsis and with no evidence of perforation on CT scan Acute pancreatitis unless there is co-existent cholangitis, suggested by jaundice and sepsis (see SIRS criteria[handbook.ggcmedicines.org.uk]
- The examination of patients with biliary colic may only reveal RUQ or epigastric tenderness.[cdemcurriculum.com]
- For related pathophysiology, please see the Cholelithiasis and Cholecystitis and Biliary Colic articles.[emedicine.com]
- Cancer of the gallbladder is a rare gastrointestinal (GI) tract pathology that must be diagnosed by clinical tests as its symptoms overlap with those of other GI tract conditions, such as biliary colic and gallstones.[news-medical.net]
Workup
Microbiology
Haemophilus Parainfluenzae
- Abstract Haemophilus parainfluenzae was isolated from a bile specimen of a 56-year-old patient with elevated liver enzymes and chronic cholecystitis.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Treatment
- Both groups received comparable accompanying endoscopic antiobstructive treatment.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Inappropriate empirical antibiotic treatment was an independent factor associated with mortality (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.7). Inappropriate empirical treatment was more frequent in P. aeruginosa and CTX-R Enterobacteriaceae bacteraemia.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- A BTIS facilitated the assessment of severity of biliary infection and comparison of the results of various methods of treatment.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Whereas less severe cases with appropriate treatment have very good prognosis, severe cases with delayed treatment may result in grave complications such as sepsis or kidney failure Addressing issues of biliary tract obstruction in a timely manner may[dovemed.com]
- Keep in mind that the effective treatment of biliary tract infections depends on different aspects, such as severity of your individual condition.[amoxil.net]
Prognosis
- In severe cases of Cholangitis, endoscopic decompression may be required to drain the pus from the biliary tract The prognosis of Cholangitis depends upon the provision of timely treatment.[dovemed.com]
- Prognosis The prognosis depends on several factors, including the following [6] : Early recognition and treatment of cholangitis Response to therapy Underlying medical conditions of the patient Mortality rate ranges from 5-10%, with a higher mortality[emedicine.com]
- Prognosis The prognosis is usually guarded, although it improves with early antibiotic treatment and appropriate drainage and decompression of biliary tract as needed.[emedicine.com]
Etiology
- Although a larger diameter stent is usually preferred, both stent size and type depend on the underlying etiology of the biliary stricture.[clinicalgate.com]
- There are two other etiologies of acute cholangitis; Mirizzi syndrome and lemmel syndrome.[doi.org]
- Etiology In Western countries, choledocholithiasis is the most common cause of acute cholangitis, followed by ERCP and tumors.[emedicine.com]
Epidemiology
- OBJECTIVES: To determine the epidemiology of bacteraemia due to biliary tract infection (BTI) and to identify independent predictors of mortality.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Specifically, it will serve as a single-source reference on the current knowledge base for the multidisciplinary management of such cancers and thus covers epidemiological, surgical, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy approaches.[books.google.com]
- An epidemiological study of primary liver carcinomas in Pusan area with special reference to clonorchiasis. Korean J Pathol 1976;10:33–46. 34. Shin HR, Lee CU, Park HJ, Seol SY, Chung JM, Choi HC, et al.[doi.org]
Sex distribution
Age distribution
Pathophysiology
- For related pathophysiology, please see the Cholelithiasis and Cholecystitis and Biliary Colic articles.[emedicine.com]
- Pathophysiology Historically, choledocholithiasis was the most common cause of biliary tract obstruction resulting in cholangitis.[emedicine.com]
Prevention
- Conversely, Kupffer cells and the tight junctions between hepatocytes help prevent bacteria and toxic metabolites from entering the hepatobiliary system from the portal circulation.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The types of organisms in blood, and especially the important role of streptococci, must be taken into consideration when choosing antibiotics for therapy for and prevention of biliary septicemia.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- On the contrary, the indications for such intervention are always widening, as its risks become always smaller and the requirements for prevention higher.[books.google.com]
- For most benign strictures, the authors prefer a straight stent with internal and external flaps to prevent stent migration.[clinicalgate.com]
- It is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. We highly recommend that you consult with a Traditional Chinese Medical practitioner or physician before taking any products or if you have any questions regarding your health.[tcmherbstore.com]