Part of this is attributable to the depth and duration of depressive episodes so often present in bipolar 2 diagnoses. [brightquest.com]

The two most common types, bipolar I and bipolar II, differ in the presentation of mood variations. The course of bipolar II is less well studied and less understood than bipolar I disorder. [medscape.com]

Bipolar disorder is categorized into two separate types of disorders that are differentiated by the type of manic-like behaviors presented by the person. Bipolar I occurs when the person presents with a formal manic episode. [americanaddictioncenters.org]

Types I and II present equally severe burdens. [1] [9] Bipolar II is notoriously difficult to diagnose. [en.wikipedia.org]

Like bipolar I, issues with school and careers are also present. Truancy or failure in school and occupational failure are common. Divorce is also very common in bipolar individuals. [courses.lumenlearning.com]

• Coarse Tremor

  Coarse tremor, general fatigue, vomiting, diarrhoea, a metallic taste in the mouth, and a reduction in the sensitivity of the abdomen (central obtunding) indicate toxicity. 16, 17 Adverse effects mostly occur when lithium plasma levels change rapidly [bpac.org.nz]

Treatments for bipolar II disorder vary. There are only a few treatment guidelines aimed at this type of bipolar disorder. Most guidelines suggest using the same medications as for bipolar I disorder. [bbrfoundation.org]

Bipolar 2 Treatment at BrightQuest BrightQuest Treatment Centers provide world-class residential treatment for bipolar disorder and other complex mental illnesses. [brightquest.com]

Lithium treatment also showed an initial delay in symptom improvement for both bipolar subtypes, but by 8 weeks approached a similar symptom improvement to quetiapine treatment. [annals-general-psychiatry.biomedcentral.com]

The overall treatment response was 62.7%, and 14% of patients experienced a switch to hypomania (12%) or severe hypomania (2%), typically within the first 5 weeks after treatment initiation. [psychiatryadvisor.com]

Bipolar I more often leads to hospitalization or residential treatment. [bridgestorecovery.com]

[…] are unique to each individual. [4] As with bipolar I disorder, the interval between episodes seems to decrease with age, though approximately 5% to 15% of patients experience rapid cycling. [4] The more episodes a patient experiences, the poorer the prognosis [medscape.com]

Prognosis Proper diagnosis and treatment help people with bipolar II disorder lead healthy and productive lives. [baptisthealth.com]

[…] with Bipolar II, much more so in women than in men (70% vs. 40%), and without treatment leads to added sources of disability and an increased risk of suicide. [19] To improve a patient’s prognosis, long-term therapy is most favorably recommended for [en.wikipedia.org]

This condition is often difficult to diagnose and may shade into a continuously cycling state; the prognosis is worse than that in a pure manic or hypomanic state. Risk of suicide during mixed episodes is particularly high. [msdmanuals.com]

[…] that are unique to each individual. 4 As with bipolar I disorder, the interval between episodes seems to decrease with age, though approximately 5% to 15% of patients experience rapid cycling. 4 The more episodes a patient experiences, the poorer the prognosis [uspharmacist.com]

Etiology Genetics play a big factor of people with bipolar 2 disorder. Individuals with family members that have bipolar 2 disorders have a big risk of bipolar 2. [courses.lumenlearning.com]

[…] particular focus on neurologic and endocrine systems, signs of substance abuse, symptoms of trauma to the CNS, and laboratory testing (including thyroid testing, CBC, blood chemistries, and urine toxicology testing), should be conducted to rule out other etiologies [uspharmacist.com]

This is the only academic and clinical management review focused entirely on bipolar II, scrutinizing history, epidemiology, burden and neurobiology and including an extensive clinical debate by international experts about effective management strategies [cambridge.org]

The National Comorbidity Survey suggested a lifetime prevalence of 1.6%. 1 The Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) surveys have suggested a lifetime prevalence of 1.3%. 2 An epidemiologic study of 38 000 community-dwelling individuals in 10 countries found [ajmc.com]

Toward a re-definition of subthreshold bipolarity: epidemiology and proposed criteria for bipolar-II, minor bipolar disorders and hypomania. J Affect Disord. 2003;73:133-146. 5. Judd LJ, Akiskal HS. [mdedge.com]

Epidemiology The average lifetime prevalence rate for Bipolar II Disorder is approximately 0.5 percent. The average age for children with bipolar 2 disorder is 10 which is found in 0.3%-0.5% of patients. [courses.lumenlearning.com]

Epidemiology of bipolar disorder. In: Kasper S, Hirschfeld RMA, editors. Handbook of Bipolar Disorder. New York: Taylor and Francis; 2005. p. 21-35. 5 Coryell W. Bipolar II disorder: a progress report. [bmj.com]

[…] disorder is more common in women, whereas bipolar I affects men and women equally. 3 The age of onset of bipolar II is generally between 15 and 30 years of age, with less common new diagnoses made in childhood and in adults over the age of 65 years. 3 Pathophysiology [uspharmacist.com]

Increased chronicity and recurrent depressive phases 7, reverse vegetative symptoms, mood reactivity, as well as antidepressant non-response in bipolar II depression, on the other hand, suggest a different pathophysiological substrate than UD 11. [nature.com]

Accumulating evidence suggests that hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis dysfunction may be relevant to the pathophysiology and clinical course of bipolar affective disorder 62 Chakrabarti S. Thyroid functions and bipolar affective disorder. [tandfonline.com]

Pathological amygdala activation during working memory performance: evidence for a pathophysiological trait marker in bipolar affective disorder. Hum. [frontiersin.org]

People with bipolar II disorder can benefit from preventive drugs that level out moods over the long term. These prevent the negative consequences of hypomania, and also help to prevent episodes of depression. [webmd.com]

Examples include: Anxiety disorders Eating disorders Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Alcohol or drug problems Physical health problems, such as heart disease, thyroid problems, headaches or obesity Prevention There's no sure way to prevent [mayoclinic.org]

Prevention Bipolar II disorder cannot be prevented. Seeking treatment at the earliest sign can help prevent the condition from getting worse or interfering with your life. [baptisthealth.com]

Patients who recover from MDE are then randomized to receive a relapse-prevention treatment of fluoxetine, lithium, a combination of fluoxetine and lithium, or placebo for 1 year. [clinicaltrials.gov]

Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy. 2 : 29. doi : 10.1186/1747-597X-2-29. PMC 2094705. PMID 17908301. ^ Valderas JM, Starfield B, Sibbald B, Salisbury C, Roland M (July 2009). [en.wikipedia.org]