A Vietnamese woman that presented an erysipeloid plaque suddenly occurred in the twentieth week of pregnancy on the left half of the face; the lesion was mildly anaesthetic. [moh-it.pure.elsevier.com]

The presenting symptoms were carefully examined from the records and systematically presented. Frequency of reactions was least in BT cases and most in BL cases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This form may persist, revert to tuberculoid leprosy or may advance to other forms. 4 We present images of a 24-year-old man diagnosed with BT leprosy on right greater auricular nerve biopsy ( figure 1 ). [casereports.bmj.com]

• Falling

  The bacillary index should be recorded and falls after about 1 year of successful treatment. The morphological index may also be obtained from the same smear because bacilli that stain irregularly or are fragmented are dead. [isradiology.org]

  "Borderline" leprosy is the term applied to the broad middle ground into which most patients fall. [histopathology-india.net]

  Skin thickens over forehead (leonine facies), eyebrows and eyelashes are lost, nose becomes misshapen or collapses, ear lobes thicken, upper incisor teeth fall out Eye involvement causing photophobia (light sensitivity), glaucoma and blindness Skin on [dermnetnz.org]

  There are two polar categories and three borderline types which fall between the polar classifications. One polar type is called tuberculoid (TT). [microbewiki.kenyon.edu]

• Lymphadenopathy

  The authors describe a 19-year-old man with borderline-lepromatous leprosy with a recent diffuse rash, sparing only the hypochromic patches of leprosy, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, and jaundice 25 days after the start of multibacillary multidrug [journals.lww.com]

  Chest X-ray- Hilar lymphadenopathy. The patient was already on AT drugs for two weeks. He tolerated drugs well. Fluconazole 100 mg daily was given for 10 days. He was put on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis. [e-ijd.org]

  Systemic manifestations Early prodromal symptoms : nasal stuffiness, epistaxis Hepatomegaly Non-tender lymphadenopathy Similar to LL Features of both LL and TT Similar to LL Not involved * Nerve involvement leads to nerve enlargement and peripheral nerve [amboss.com]

  It is associated with the occurrence of symmetric nodules or target lesions, with systemic features such as fever, bone and muscle pain, and lymphadenopathy. [news-medical.net]

  Systemic symptoms, when they occur, include fever, lymphadenopathy, acute iridocyclitis and, less frequently, neuritis, polyarthritis and glomerulonephritis. 2 Includes: lepromatous and borderline leprosy (Madrid classification); polar lepromatous, borderline [apps.who.int]

• Vietnamese

  A Vietnamese woman that presented an erysipeloid plaque suddenly occurred in the twentieth week of pregnancy on the left half of the face; the lesion was mildly anaesthetic. [moh-it.pure.elsevier.com]

  HLA-DRB1*04 is associated with resistance, and HLA-DRB1*10 is associated with susceptibility to leprosy in Brazilian and Vietnamese patients. 21 Genetic variants have been found in the shared promoter region of the PARK2 (parkin) and PACRG genes expressed [dermaamin.com]

  Vietnamese poet Hàn Mặc Tử Ōtani Yoshitsugu, a Japanese daimyō Forough Farrokhzad made a 22-minute documentary about a leprosy colony in Iran in 1962 called The House Is Black. [en.wikipedia.org]

  HLA-DRB1*04 and DRB1*10 are associated with resistance and susceptibility, respectively, in Brazilian and Vietnamese leprosy patients. Genes Immun. 2007 Jun. 8(4):320-4. [Medline]. Jarduli LR, Sell AM, Reis PG, Sippert EÂ, Ayo CM, Mazini PS. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Constitutional Symptom

  These included sudden appearance of tender, erythematous nodular eruptions mimicking ENL, severe constitutional symptoms like high grade fever, malaise, vomiting, epistaxis, joint pain and tenosynovitis simulating Type 2 Lepra Reaction. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Two to three weeks later, he developed two small painless swellings on dorsal aspect of both wrist joints which gradually increased in size over next 2 weeks and were not associated with any other constitutional symptoms. [ijmyco.org]

  There was no history of similar lesions in the past or other family members, and no history of any constitutional symptoms. [astrocyte.in]

• Turkish

  Russian Swedish Turkish Ukrainian Chinese Ukrainian These examples may contain rude words based on your search. [context.reverso.net]

  Turkish - English French - English Spanish - English German - English History Play ENFRENus Play ENFRENuk Play ENFRENau Meanings of "borderline" in French English Dictionary : 6 result(s) Category English French General 1 General borderline frontière [termbank.com]

• Sputum

  In a randomised, double-blind trial in Ethiopia, arginine supplementation in patients receiving conventional chemotherapy increased sputum conversion and reduced the prevalence of cough in HIV -negative, smear-positive patients with active TB. [diva-portal.org]

  His sputum for AFB on three consecutive days was positive. Thus a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was confirmed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Sputum for AFB -negative. Mantoux test with 5 TU PPD was negative. Chest X-ray- Hilar lymphadenopathy. The patient was already on AT drugs for two weeks. He tolerated drugs well. Fluconazole 100 mg daily was given for 10 days. [e-ijd.org]

• Hypertension

  WikiPedia 境界線, 境界域, 境界, ボーダーライン 【類義語】 border, border region, border zone, boundary, divide, penumbra, penumbral borderline case * PubMed, Scholar, Google, WikiPedia 境界例 borderline diabetes PubMed, Scholar, Google, WikiPedia (病名) 境界型糖尿病 R730 borderline hypertension [life-science-dictionary.com]

  […] borderline leprosy. ( 2703742 ) Arora S.K....Girdhar M. 1989 42 A borderline leprosy lesion on the palate: a case report. ( 3398680 ) Mishra B....Girdhar B.K. 1988 43 LDH profile in an unusual case of borderline leprosy in reaction associated with portal hypertension [malacards.org]

• Blister

  Using a modified, reliable, noninvasive, suction-induced blister technique to sample lesions, we determined that CD4+ T cells predominated in BT lesions; whereas CD8+ T cells predominated in BL lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Another erythematous indurated plaque with central blister was present over the distal portion of right middle finger. A small satellite lesion was noticed adjacent to the main plaque over the centre of the palm. [astrocyte.in]

  ENL presents as painful red nodules (lumps), which can blister or ulcerate, accompanied by fever, malaise, joint pain, nerve pain, eye disease and involvement of other organs. [dermnetnz.org]

  Between 1995 and 1999, the WHO, with the aid of the Nippon Foundation, supplied all endemic countries with free MDT in blister packs, channeled through ministries of health. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Numbness of the Hand

  The main symptoms of leprosy include: muscle weakness numbness in the hands, arms, feet, and legs skin lesions The skin lesions result in decreased sensation to touch, temperature, or pain. They don’t heal, even after several weeks. [healthline.com]

  In leprosy, rheumatological involvement varies from 1% to 70%. [1] Tenosynovitis as a presenting feature of leprosy is rare. [2], [3] Case Report A 50-year-old male, resident of Uttar Pradesh, gradually developed numbness over both hands in a period of [ijmyco.org]

  The important findings are decreased ability to feel light touch in a skin spot, enlarged or tender nerves in the arms or legs, numbness in a hand or foot, and finding the bacteria in the skin. [rarediseases.org]

A total of 150 cases in one treatment (trial) group (Mw vaccine plus MDT) and 120 cases in another treatment (control) group (MDT only) of border line leprosy have been included. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Lepromin reaction which was negative before treatment was positive with 14 mm after 2 years of treatment. [ijrh.org]

Levels of the NO metabolites nitrite and nitrate were initially increased in urine from patients with reactional leprosy but were normalised by treatment with prednisolone, and this was associated with clinical improvement. [diva-portal.org]

Reversal of a negative to a positive Mitsuda test in leprosy is considered an improvement and indicates a better prognosis with shift away from the lepromatous pole. [isradiology.org]

Leprosy Prognosis Leprosy is a curable disease with the initiation and completion of MDT. Treatment with MDT can prevent the disfigurement and neurologic disability associated with leprosy. [emedicinehealth.com]

Prognosis The prognosis for patients adequately treated with MDT is very good. Relapse with MDT is 0.1% per year for paucibacillary leprosy and 0.06% per year for multibacillary leprosy on average, with a low frequency of adverse effects. [patient.info]

These classification systems are based on clinical, microbiologic and histopathological features, and are used to determine the patient's prognosis and the treatment regimen. [1] [2] [3] Classification There are different systems for classifying leprosy [wikidoc.org]

A negative result also indicates a worsened prognosis. To perform this test, bacillary suspension is injected into the forearm. [dermaamin.com]

Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10coded.com]

This case report highlights the importance of thorough clinical examination of erythrodermic patients in search for its etiology and suggests that an intense and probably uncontrolled leprosy RR can culminate in the development of erythroderma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In addition, we analyze treatments recommended by physicians in the viceroyalty, which were closely related with the etiology and pathogenesis which all doctors attributed to Saint Lazarus's disease. [ugr.es]

Etiology Pathogen : Mycobacterium leprae is an obligate, intracellular, acid-fast bacilli that cannot be cultured. [amboss.com]

Links: reactional states in borderline leprosy epidemiology immunology diagnosis treatment [gpnotebook.co.uk]

Definition, epidemiology and world distribution. In, W. H. Jopling, A.C.McDougall (edi). Hand Book of leprosy, 1st indian edition. Delhi, CBS publishers, 1992;1-7. 2. M. D. Gupta, P. Manicham. Leprosy: epidemiology. [ispub.com]

In a concise and user-friendly format, it offers authoritative coverage of epidemiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, pathology, laboratory tests, management, and prevention for both common and rare conditions. [books.google.de]

[…] at the dawn of the year 2000 (editorial) Flageul-B Acta-Leprol. 1999; 11(4): 129-30 Armadillo exposure and Hansen's disease: an epidemiologic survey in southern Texas. [malattierare.regione.veneto.it]

” below) Reservoirs : infected humans ;, nine-banded armadillos, mangabey monkeys, sphagnum moss Pathophysiology Ridley-Jopling classification Lepromatous leprosy (LL) Borderline leprosy Tuberculoid leprosy (TT) Borderline lepromatous leprosy (BL) Mid-borderline [amboss.com]

"Leprosy: An Overview of Pathophysiology". Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases. 2012 : 1–6. doi : 10.1155/2012/181089. ISSN 1687-708X. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Pardillo FE, Fajardo TT, Abalos RM, Scollard D, Gelber RH (2007). [wikidoc.org]

Pathophysiology Leprosy is not a highly infectious disease. The principal means of transmission is by aerosol spread from infected nasal secretions to exposed nasal and oral mucosa. [dermaamin.com]

Recognition of this reaction is vital in the prevention of deformities secondary to nerve damage. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Early treatment prevents further tissue damage, stops the spread of the disease, and prevents serious health complications. [healthline.com]

Leprosy Prevention The prevention of leprosy ultimately lies in the early diagnosis and treatment of those individuals suspected or diagnosed as having leprosy, thereby preventing further transmission of the disease to others. [emedicinehealth.com]