This article presents 2 cases of different neuropathic trigeminal pain conditions treated with intraoral botulinum toxin injections. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Diplopia

  Four days after BTA injection, diplopia and esotropia developed on her right eye. KEYWORDS: Botulinum toxins; diplopia; esotropia; strabismus [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Abstract Botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections into facial and bulbar muscles are widely and increasingly used as medical treatments for cervical and facial dystonia, facial hemispasm, correction of facial palsy, hyperhidrosis, as well as cosmetic treatment [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] of Adult Onset Spasmodic Torticollis/Cervical Dystonia; Reduction of Glabellar Rhytides Treatment of Cervical Dystonia, Severe Primary Axillary Hyperhidrosis, Glabellar Lines, Blepharospasm, Strabismus Treatment of Glabellar Lines Treatment of Spasticity [chem.nlm.nih.gov]

Sustained TMJ dislocation is not amenable to manual reduction alone when the etiology is muscular in nature. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Several etiologic factors have been proposed in the literature; these include skeletal, gingival, and muscular factors that may occur alone or in combination.1,2 Although vertical maxillary dental and/ or skeletal excess3–5 or gingival problems from delayed [doi.org]

Nocturnal Bruxism 1 2RecruitingTreatment Obstructed Defecation Syndrome (ODS) 1 2RecruitingTreatment Overactive Bladder With Urinary Incontinence / Urinary Incontinence (UI) 1 2RecruitingTreatment Painful Unilateral Femorotibial Knee Osteoarthritis of Any Etiology [drugbank.ca]

Effective response to a deliberate release of botulinum toxin will depend on timely clinical diagnosis, case reporting, and epidemiological investigation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Background: Pharmacological management of cervical dystonia (CD) is considered to be symptomatic in effect, rather than targeting the underlying pathophysiology of the disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pathophysiology of migraine and tension-type headache. Curr Opin Neurol 1994 ; 7: 272 – 7. Google Scholar | Medline 9.. Biary, N, Koller, W, Langenberg, P. Correlation between essential tremor and migraine headache. [doi.org]

Jia-Fong Jhang and Hann-Chorng Kuo, Botulinum Toxin A and Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: Pathophysiology and Mechanisms of Action, Toxins, 10.3390/toxins8040120, 8, 4, (120), (2016). [dx.doi.org]

We now know that peripherally delivered BoNTs are taken up in sensory afferents and transported to cleave SNARE proteins in the ganglion and TNC, prevent evoked afferent release and downstream activation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prevention Prevention of foodborne botulism is based on good practice in food preparation particularly during heating/sterilization and hygiene. [who.int]