A hypothalamic metastasis was demonstrated by computed tomography in a 71-year-old patient, with previously unknown small cell lung cancer, who presented with diabetes insipidus and biological signs of hypothyroidism and hypogonadism. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Presented at: 17th World Lung Cancer Conference, the Annual Meeting of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC), Vienna. [targetedonc.com]

Hyperprolactinemia (with prolactin levels up to 70 ng/ml) was present in all of the nine patients so tested. [thejns.org]

• Fatigue

  Likely • Scalp redness or soreness • Hair loss • Dry mouth or altered taste • Fatigue, sleepiness • Muffled hearing (temporary) Less Likely • Fever, chills, heavy sweating • Upset stomach, nausea and/or vomiting • Loss of appetite, taste changes • Headaches [aboutcancer.com]

  Fatigue - Fatigue is the most common side effect of radiation therapy and tends to get worse over the course of treatment. Redness - A sunburn-like rash may appear on your face and scalp. [verywell.com]

  Symptoms and signs include 4 : fatigue nausea and vomiting loss of appetite cerebral edema Radiation-induced alopecia and dermatitis are also sometimes encountered 4. [radiopaedia.org]

  Radiation therapy to large areas of the brain can sometimes cause memory loss, fatigue, headaches, trouble thinking, or reduced sexual desire. [cancer.org]

• Pain

  Pain requiring very large doses of analgesics and anemia requiring blood transfusions every 3-4 weeks were improved rapidly. No further transfusions were needed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The most common serious complication following open SIJ fusion was painful hardware leading to removal (9.9%), and following MIS SIJ fusion was new onset facet joint pain (2.7%). [surgicalneurologyint.com]

  If you think you will be uncomfortable lying still, you can take acetaminophen (Tylenol ® ) or your usual pain medication before your simulation. [mskcc.org]

  Radiation can be used to shrink tumors to relieve (palliate) symptoms of lung cancer such as pain, bleeding, trouble swallowing, cough, shortness of breath, and problems caused by spread to other organs such as the brain. [cancer.org]

  It only takes a few minutes for the treatment and is not painful. People usually have radiation daily, 5 days a week for up to 3 weeks. [verywell.com]

• Disability

  Encephalitis caused by Herpes Simplex Virus-1 is a devastating disease with high mortality and disability rates despite adequate treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Please enable JS and disable any ad blocker [cairn.info]

  The condition can be disabling, causing severe headaches, nausea and vomiting, seizures, cognitive issues and nervous system dysfunction. Doctors use a variety of medications, such as steroids, to manage the symptoms. [nortonhealthcare.com]

  In addition, your healthcare provider will need to assess your performance status—usually rated on a scale of 0 (completely active) to 4 (completely disabled)—to determine if you can tolerate treatment. [verywellhealth.com]

  A dose that causes some discomfort in one patient may cause no side effects in another, and may be disabling to a third. Side effects of radiation therapy can be grouped into general and those pertaining to neurological, or brain function. [texasoncology.com]

• Inflammation

  Given that (1) AT(1)RAs may function as anti-inflammatory drugs, (2) inflammation is thought to contribute to radiation injury, and (3) radiation-induced inflammation alters progenitor cell populations, we tested whether the cognitive benefits of L-158,809 [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Thus, there is a clear need to understand the mechanisms of radiation injury and inflammation to develop strategies for preventing cognitive decline following cranial irradiation. [grantome.com]

  TC patients may develop a chronic systemic inflammation leading to T2D. [helmholtz-muenchen.de]

  Because brain irradiation induces encephalitis (brain inflammation), the steroid drug dexamethasone may be prescribed to relieve inflammation. Fatigue: Radiation-induced fatigue is best treated by getting plenty of rest. [verywellhealth.com]

  They can also indirectly damage healthy cells by crowding other parts of the brain and causing inflammation, brain swelling and pressure within the skull. Brain tumors are either malignant or benign. [radiologyinfo.org]

• Noncompliance

  The finding teetered on the edge of statistical significance ( P = .059), however, because only one-third of patients (32%) completed the 24 weeks of drug therapy, due to death (survival was poorer than expected), disease progression, or noncompliance [mdedge.com]

• Pneumonia

  She returned 2 months later due to right pneumonia with fever and productive cough. Surprisingly, her left lung mass had markedly regressed even though she had not received any additional systemic anticancer therapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  […] renal impairment) The most common Grade 4 hematological adverse events (AEs) observed were: Neutropenia: n = 2 Thrombocytopenia: n = 2 No Grade 4 non-hematological toxicities occurred The most common Grade ≤ 3 non-hematological AEs was: Interstitial pneumonia [lymphomahub.com]

  Favorites PDF Get Content & Permissions Open SDC Programmed death ligand 1 is overexpressed by neutrophils in the blood of immunocompromised human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia Zhang, Nan-Nan; Huang, Xu [cmj.org]

• Nausea

  WBI was associated with improvements in cognitive and emotional function but also with worsened nausea in both patients groups. No differences in QoL or toxicity were found between the study arms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Symptoms and signs include 4 : fatigue nausea and vomiting loss of appetite cerebral edema Radiation-induced alopecia and dermatitis are also sometimes encountered 4. [radiopaedia.org]

  Continued Nausea Radiation to the head, neck, and any part of the digestive tract can cause nausea and vomiting. Let your doctor know if that happens. She can give you medicine to control it. [webmd.com]

  Despite its widespread use, until now there has been no robust evidence to determine whether whole brain radiotherapy, which can have substantial side effects (eg, fatigue, nausea, neurotoxicity), is better than best supportive care alone in terms of [sciencedaily.com]

• Vascular Disease

  disease). 1,4,6,19,20 The corpus callosum and the subcortical arcuate fibers are initially spared. [touchneurology.com]

  Occlusive vascular disease, similar in angiographic appearance to Moyamoya disease, presenting with ischemic events and stroke, has been reported after radiotherapy for optic glioma; neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) seems to increase the risk markedly. [aboutcancer.com]

• Alopecia

  Symptoms and signs include 4 : fatigue nausea and vomiting loss of appetite cerebral edema Radiation-induced alopecia and dermatitis are also sometimes encountered 4. [radiopaedia.org]

  Although this does not prevent transient alopecia in most of the treated patients, it may be of benefit for those with a priori risk factor for increased alopecia (e.g., previous or concomitant chemotherapy). [tlcr.amegroups.com]

• Suggestibility

  One of these might be irradiation as suggested by experimental evidence obtained in mouse trigeminal ganglia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The number of foci declined steadily from 1 to 6h post-exposure; by 24h the number of foci was reduced to 3-4 foci/cell (p These data suggest that the cognitive deficits induced after CNS irradiation may involve unrepaired DNA-DSB in neurons. [cancerres.aacrjournals.org]

• Seizure

  Over the next few days, high fever and refractory seizures developed and the patient was diagnosed with Herpes simplex-associated encephalitis after detection of viral DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid via polymerase chain reaction. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  One patient experienced focal seizures (formerly known as partial seizures) affecting her arm and leg. The other patient had to be hospitalized for fluid overload. The treatment worked. [nortonhealthcare.com]

  Scalp redness or soreness • Hair loss • Dry mouth or altered taste • Fatigue, sleepiness • Muffled hearing (temporary) Less Likely • Fever, chills, heavy sweating • Upset stomach, nausea and/or vomiting • Loss of appetite, taste changes • Headaches, seizure [aboutcancer.com]

  Necrosis (a late effect of high doses of radiation) can cause headaches, seizures, or even death in a small number of cases. This can occur six months to a few years after treatment. [radiologyinfo.org]

• Ataxia

  Lee [ 6 ] reported 3 cases of dementia, confusion and ataxia over 24 patients who received PCI. There was no toxicity in the control group. Toxicity appeared 2.5 years after PCI, the follow-up ranging from 37 to 74 months. [bmccancer.biomedcentral.com]

  Adverse effects of brain irradiation include fatigue, nausea, cognitive decline, ataxia and alopecia. These side effects may be mild and transient, but can also be progressive and even persistent with structural brain damage on MRI scanning. [jcmtjournal.com]

  […] leukoencephalopathy consistent with white matter changes that suggested demyelization.22 Before the widespread use of patient-reported outcome measures and cognitive testing, physicians were taught that patients develop a clinical triad of symptoms, including ataxia [ascopubs.org]

  In severe cases, symptoms can progress to ataxia, confusion, memory loss, dementia, and, rarely, death. A similar syndrome has been described in adults, also generally related to chemotherapy delivered around the same time as radiation. [aboutcancer.com]

• Memory Impairment

  In addition, the study of De Ruysscher et al. ( 14 ) also reported low-grade memory and cognitive functioning impairments. Therefore, the indications of PCI should be considered in the light of its potential (neuro)toxicity. [frontiersin.org]

  Symptoms vary from mild to severe and include: decreased intellect, memory impairment, confusion, personality changes, and alteration of the normal function of the area irradiated. [texasoncology.com]

• Apathy

  Safety and efficacy of methylphenidate for apathy in Alzheimer’s disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Psychiatry 2013;74:810-6. DOI PubMed PMC 10. Mulhern RK, Khan RB, Kaplan S, Helton S, Christensen R, et al. [jcmtjournal.com]

• Mild Cognitive Impairment

  Vitamin E and donepezil for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment. N Engl J Med 2005;352:2379-88. DOI PubMed 9. Rosenberg PB, Lanctôt KL, Drye LT, Herrmann N, Scherer RW, et al. [jcmtjournal.com]

The tentative conclusion is that single-session whole-brain irradiation affords a possibility of palliative treatment of brain metastases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

On multivariate analysis, good prognosis was associated with non-TN status, lower graded prognosis assessment class, and nonexistence of active extracranial metastases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] whom very few (3.5%-7.5%) fall into the better prognosis groups. [sciencedaily.com]

Optic Chiasm/drug effects/radiation effects; Optic Nerve/drug effects/radiation effects; Radiation Injuries/etiology; Visual Fields Abstract A patient developed pendular seesaw nystagmus after receiving radiation and intrathecal methotrexate treatment [collections.lib.utah.edu]

The integrity of the h-p axis and GH neuroregulation is fundamentally preserved in irradiated GH-deficient patients with a GH secretory pattern similar to that observed in normal subjects and those with GH deficiency due to other etiologies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The etiology of T2D involves genetic predisposition, life-style and environmental factors, all of them interacting in a complex and yet poorly understood manner. [helmholtz-muenchen.de]

Complications from irradiation are various and differ in their etiology and time at which they become apparent. They can best be divided according to when they occur into acute, early-delayed and late 4. [radiopaedia.org]

The likely etiology is a combination of tumor response and peritumoral edema or demyelination; corresponding imaging changes can include focally increased enhancement as a result of blood-brain barrier disruption. [aboutcancer.com]

Brain metastases: Epidemiology and pathophysiology. J Neurooncol. 2005; 75 :5–14. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] 32. Ghia A, Tome WA, Thomas S, Cannon G, Khuntia D, Kuo JS, et al. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Changing epidemiology of small-cell lung cancer in the United States over the last 30 years: analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiologic, and End Results database. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:4539-4544 2. Seute T, Leffers P, ten Velde GPM, Twijnstra A. [nejm.org]

References Nayak L, Lee EQ, Wen PY (2012) Epidemiology of brain metastases. Curr Oncol Rep 14:48-54. Pantel K, Brakenhoff RH (2004) Dissecting the metastatic cascade. Nat Rev Cancer 4:448-456. [j-neurooncology.imedpub.com]

Dynamic perfusion tomography provides insight into the pathophysiological processes taking place and allows correlation with patient symptomatology. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Very little is known in regard to the evolution of radiation induced pathophysiology in the context of peripherally derived macrophage accumulation or inflammation, and how this relates to altered synaptic and cognitive function. [grantome.com]

Pathophysiology of Radiation-induced Injury The events leading to radiation-induced injury are the result of a complex, dynamic interplay between the various cells within the irradiated volume (tumoral, endothelial and glial cells). 6 Endothelial Cell [touchneurology.com]

The pathophysiology and neurobiology of this disease entity are not yet completely understood by the medical and scientific community. Delayed symptom onset was found to be a strong risk factor for the development of PCS in this study population. [surgicalneurologyint.com]

Small SA, Schobel SA, Buxton RB et al (2011) A pathophysiological framework of hippocampal dysfunction in ageing and disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 12:585–601 CrossRef PubMedCentral PubMed Google Scholar 18. [link.springer.com]

A recent study demonstrated that treatment with the angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist (AT(1)RA) L-158,809 before, during and after fractionated whole-brain irradiation prevents or ameliorates radiation-induced cognitive deficits in adult rats. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Aim 3 : Determine if temporary depletion of myeloid cells prevent the loss of synaptic function and cognition after single and hypofractionated doses of radiation. [grantome.com]

In order to improve QoL as well as OS, there is an unmet need to prevent the occurrence of BM ( 4 ). [frontiersin.org]

It is generally acknowledged that an operation that completely removes a meningioma does not require radiation therapy afterwards to prevent regrowth. [irsa.org]

Prophylactic cranial irradiation ("prophylactic" meaning preventive) is meant to reduce the odds of brain metastasis proliferation by preventing the growth of cancer cells before there are any signs or indications of metastasis. [verywellhealth.com]