A 63 year-old female presented with dyspnea on exertion. Her chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly, and right ventricular overload and tricuspid regurgitation were detected. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

A heart murmur is the most common sign detected by a physician indicating that a valve problem may be present. [cincinnatichildrens.org]

Significant coronary artery abnormalities were present in 28(4.9%) children. Conclusion Pulmonary artery abnormalities were present in 18.92% of patients with Tetralogy of Fallot. [springerplus.springeropen.com]

A diastolic tail curve was present only in stenosed arteries of patients. [jcmr-online.biomedcentral.com]

Date: 2004 Abstract: This article presents a patient with tetralogy of Fallot who developed bilateral branch pulmonary artery stenosis following surgical repair that was refractory to balloon dilatation. [um.edu.mt]

• Asymptomatic

  Patients with supravalvular PS may be asymptomatic or have symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue on exertion. Physical Examination The common examination findings include: Patients with isolated pulmonary stenosis usually appear normal. [wikidoc.org]

  […] location of maximum intensity dependent on exact location of stenosis within arteries) Wide, fixed splitting of S2 may be associated with other underlying pathology Pulmonic Stenosis Differential Even after differentiated from other possible causes of asymptomatic [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

  Clinical features  Pts. with mild or moderate bilateral PA stenosis, as well as those with unilateral stenosis, are usually asymptomatic  DOE, easy fatigability, and signs of right heart failure may occur in patients with severe obstruction.  Children [slideshare.net]

  Children with pulmonary valvar stenosis are usually asymptomatic and in normal health. A heart murmur is the most common sign detected by a physician indicating that a valve problem may be present. [cincinnatichildrens.org]

  In the above cited national study reevaluated 15 to 25 years later, the probability of 25-year survival was 95.6% compared with an expected age- and sex-matched control group survival of 96.6%.97% were asymptomatic. [rjmatthewsmd.com]

• Vomiting

  Infantile pyloric stenosis is usually diagnosed in the first 6 months of life when babies have trouble with vomiting after eating, sometimes with projectile vomiting and consequent dehydration. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Heart Disease

  […] of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease). [wikidoc.org]

  Author information 1 Rush Center for Congenital & Structural Heart Disease, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Jones 770, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Cardiac Surgery, Kazakhstan Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, USA Scientific Tracks Abstracts : Cardiovasc Pharm Abstract : Background & Purpose: In infants and young children with congenital heart disease, post-operative branch pulmonary artery stenosis [omicsonline.org]

  Comparison of high pulse repetition frequency and continuous wave Doppler echocardiography for velocity measurement and gradient prediction in children with valvular and congenital heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986 ; 7 : 873 – 879. 12. [journals.cambridge.org]

• Heart Block

  Heart block : AV block ( First degree, Second degree, Third degree ) - Bundle branch block ( Left, Right ) - Bifascicular block - Trifascicular block Pre-excitation syndrome ( Wolff-Parkinson-White, Lown-Ganong-Levine ) - Long QT syndrome - Adams-Stokes [wikidoc.org]

Treatment has included surgery, balloon angioplasty, and balloon expandable stent placement. It was the purpose of this investigation to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of each of these modes of treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

What is the treatment? Treatment is only needed when the narrowing is of a sufficient severity to be a concern. Some people with only mild or moderate narrowing never need any treatment. [childrensheartcentre.com]

Treatment options for pulmonary stenosis include open-heart surgery or balloon angioplasty. The primary indication for treatment is the degree of narrowing and treatment is timed to prevent damage to the right heart. [mottchildren.org]

Others will experience worsening symptoms that will likely require treatment. A doctor may prescribe medications that make it easier for blood to flow through the heart’s chambers. [healthline.com]

What is the prognosis? The prognosis for this condition is generally good, with survival without complications nearly 100%. In the long term, these children fare well and most have no symptoms and lead normal lives. [childrensheartcentre.com]

Prognosis and Management Benign type generally disappears before one year of age. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

This is particularly true in patients with associated syndromes, such as Williams, Noonan, or congenital rubella  However, multiple peripheral pulmonary stenosis of severe degree may be progressive, and the prognosis is poor unless angioplasty, stent [slideshare.net]

Patients with moderate to severe pulmonic valve stenosis are managed well with surgery or balloon valvuloplasty and have very good prognosis. [wikidoc.org]

The prognosis of those with severe obstruction without intervention is poor, especially in infants with critical obstruction. [rjmatthewsmd.com]

Pulmonary vein stenosis: Etiology, diagnosis and management. World J Cardiol 2016;8:81-8. 4. Seale AN, Daubeney PE, Magee AG, Rigby ML. Pulmonary vein stenosis: Initial experience with cutting balloon angioplasty. Heart 2006;92:815-20. 5. [jcecho.org]

[…] ses ) an abnormal narrowing or contraction of a body passage or opening; called also arctation, coarctation, and stricture. aortic stenosis obstruction to the outflow of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta; in the majority of adult cases the etiology [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

The changing epidemiology of congenital heart disease. Nat Publ Gr. 2010;8:50-60. [ Links ] 3. Lara D, López K. Public health research in congenital heart disease. Congenit Heart Dis. 2014;9:549-58. [ Links ] 4. Calderón J, Ramírez S, Cervantes J. [scielo.org.co]

Genetics These are a common genetic disorders associated with pulmonic stenosis: [9] Associated conditions A rare association of pulmonic stenosis with an unrepaired ASD is reported. [19] Epidemiology and Demographics Pulmonary stenosis accounts for 8% [wikidoc.org]

AIMS: The pathophysiology of branch pulmonary artery (PA) stenosis after the arterial switch operation, most commonly on the left, is incompletely understood. This study examines factors associated with left PA (LPA) obstruction. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We aimed to improve understanding of the nature and possible clinical implications of this pathophysiological finding. [jcmr-online.biomedcentral.com]

Pathophysiology A systolic pressure gradient between the pumping chamber and its downstream artery is the primary hemodynamic abnormality of stenosis regardless of whether the obstruction is right- or left-sided. [pedsinreview.aappublications.org]

[…] doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jew046 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) EndNote BibTex Medlars ProCite RefWorks Reference Manager © 2019 Oxford University Press Close Navbar Search Filter Mobile Microsite Search Term Close search filter search input Aims The pathophysiology [academic.oup.com]

[…] main pulmonary artery None or variable and dependent on severity of obstruction According to 2014 AHA/ACC Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease, progression of valvular heart disease (VHD) are defined as follows: [6] Pathophysiology [wikidoc.org]

It most commonly occurs after a dental or other medical procedure and can usually be prevented by a dose of antibiotic prior to the procedure. [mottchildren.org]

Several gauze pads and a large piece of medical tape will be placed on the site where the catheter was inserted to prevent bleeding. [stanfordchildrens.org]

Valvotomy - surgical release of adhesions that are preventing the valve leaflets from opening properly. Postoperative care for your child After surgery, your child will go to the intensive care unit (ICU). [chw.org]

A child with peripheral pulmonary stenosis may also need to periodically take antibiotics in order to prevent an infection called bacterial endocarditis. [medicina-interventionala.ro]

[…] ventricular septal defect, 2) a narrowing at or just beneath the pulmonary valve, 3) a right ventricle that is more muscular than normal, 4) an aorta that lies directly over the ventricular septal defect Pulmonary atresia – absence of a pulmonary valve, preventing [my.clevelandclinic.org]