Note, that the use of anti-epileptic medications will not address the symptoms of breath holding spells.[5] Breath holding spells occur when children hold their breath as they are crying excessively.[1] In pediatrics, it is a common presentation and is [aaemrsa.blogspot.com]

To the best our knowledge, this study presents the first data on QOL before and after PM implantation in this group of patients. [annalspc.com]

Abstract Pallid breath-holding (PBH) is a childhood condition that presents with recurrent syncope. Although typically benign, severe cases can lead to asystole and anoxic seizures. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

Obstruction of airway by blood Obstruction of airway by food On examination - abdominal breathing On examination - adventitious sounds present On examination - chest expansion unequal On examination - chest PN hyperresonant On examination - chest PN [icd9data.com]

Consanguinity was present in 8.7% of the patients. [adc.bmj.com]

Piracetam is an effective prophylactic treatment for severe BHS. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] is effective in the treatment of BHS and that iron deficient children are more likely to benefit from such treatment. 8 Our data suggest that iron may be crucial in the treatment of BHS because IDA may be the main underlying defect. [adc.bmj.com]

Clinical efficacy of piracetam in treatment of breath holding spells. Pediatric Neurology 1998 ; 18: 41 – 45 Google Scholar Crossref Medline ISI 7. DiMario, FJ. Breath-holding spells in childhood. [doi.org]

Breath-holding spells is a relatively common disorder in young children that usually spontaneously resolves and needs no treatment. [circ.ahajournals.org]

Outlook (Prognosis) Most children outgrow breath holding spells by the time they are 4 to 8 years old. Children who have a seizure during a breath holding spell are not at more risk of getting a seizure disorder. [nicklauschildrens.org]

Outlook (Prognosis) Most children outgrow breath holding spells by the time they are 4 – 8 years old. Children who have a seizure during a breath holding spell are not at more risk of getting a seizure disorder. [coordinatedhealth.com]

Outlook (Prognosis) Most children outgrow breath holding spells by the time they are 4 to 8 years old. Children who have a seizure during a breath holding spell are not at higher risk of having seizures otherwise. [m.ufhealth.org]

Prognosis of BHS is very good, but it must be said that rare cases of injury have been reported. Treatment consists of reassurance, and recognition that the episodes are rarely in the child’s control. [epilepsy.com]

See also: Temper tantrums Support Groups Expectations (prognosis) Most children outgrow breath holding spells by ages 4 - 8. [mostellarmedical.org]

The book is designed to supplement standard textbooks that provide detailed information on etiology, pathogenesis and therapeutic controversies in pediatric clinical neuroscience. [books.google.com]

Practically all categories in the chapter could be designated 'not otherwise specified', 'unknown etiology' or 'transient'. [icd10data.com]

The clinical and epidemiologic aspects of breath-holding spells are herein summarized. The pertinent respiratory and neural physiologic interactions involved are delineated, as well as practical treatment approaches. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The clinical and epidemiologic aspects of breath-holding spells are herein summarized. The pertinent respiratory and neural physiologic interactions involved are delineated, as well as practical treatment approaches. ( AJDC. 1992;146:125-131) [doi.org]

View some real examples: Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Great Video for a quick explanation of BHS: Epidemiology Occurs in approximately 5% of the population with equal distribution between males and females. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

Prior research concerning the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in breath-holding spells has implicated an autonomic nervous system dysregulation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

These events are unique to childhood, though they may have the same pathophysiology as similar events that occur in adults. It is important to understand that these episodes are not temper tantrums. [journals.lww.com]

The estimated prevalence of these severe BHS is about 0.6-4%. [2] Although the exact pathophysiology remains unknown, most authors differentiate between two basic mechanisms resulting in either pallid (pBHS) or cyanotic (cBHS) BHS. [annalspc.com]

Often, the spells can be predicted and even prevented from occurring once the factors that trigger them have been identified. [news-medical.net]

What can I do to help prevent breath-holding spells? Most attacks from falling down or a sudden fright can't be prevented. Neither can most attacks that are triggered by anger. [kpjampang.com]

Preventing breath-holding You can’t prevent breath-holding, but you might be able to prevent the events leading up to it: Before children start to get upset, try to distract them. Reassure children after they’ve had a fright or a shock. [raisingchildren.net.au]

Preventing Future Spells Once kids mature and develop better coping skills, they usually outgrow breath-holding spells. [kidshealth.org]

Distracting children and avoiding situations that lead to tantrums are the best ways of preventing and treating these spells. [msdmanuals.com]