Part of the popular Case Review series, this outstanding Board review book presents over 200 unknown cases—complete with over 350 state-of-the-art images, questions, answers, commentary, references, and more—to enhance your imaging interpretation skills [books.google.com]

A 10-year-old girl is presented with PGB that was discovered incidentally during intravenous urography. Computed tomography localized the calcification to the gallbladder wall. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This examination will demonstrate whether the gallbladder presented a neoplasm component or not. Porcelain Gallbladder 5 (99.05%) 42 votes [hellomrdoctor.com]

Irregular wall thickening, cannot distinguish mucosa and submucosa, gallstones (present in 90% of cases), intraluminal mass may be present (not pictured). Heterogenously hyperintense mass within the gallbladder lumen. [radcharts.org]

• Asymptomatic

  Surgery should not be delayed even if the patient is asymptomatic since the occurence of carcinoma in porcelain gallbladder is remarkably high. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Often asymptomatic, Some present with biliary type pain. Rarely- firm, nontender mass in the RUQ Pathogenesis Gallbladder wall injury is due to chronic irritation by gallstones. [gastroenterologybook.com]

  She remained asymptomatic 15 months later. [drplace.com]

  […] chronically inflamed and fibrotic muscular wall Wall is thickened and gallbladder is contracted Associated with gallstones in 90% Cystic duct is always obstructed 80% of patients with carcinoma of gallbladder have stones Clinical Findings Patients are usually asymptomatic [learningradiology.com]

• Weight Loss

  Manifestations of gallbladder carcinoma may range from incidental findings at cholecystectomy done to relieve biliary pain to cholelithiasis to advanced disease with constant pain, weight loss, and an abdominal mass or obstructive jaundice. [merckmanuals.com]

  CE - MEDICAL ILLUSTRATION First Online: 08 December 2016 A 76-year-old man presented to his primary care physician with a complaint of generalized weakness and unintentional 25-pound weight loss over 3 months. [link.springer.com]

  loss Loss of appetite History of cancer in the family Physical examination Palpation of the abdomen – most often elicits pain in the right upper quadrant Abdominal X-ray Curvilinear calcification in the right upper flank (corresponding to the gallbladder [hellomrdoctor.com]

  Jaundice (the skin turning yellow), bloating, abdominal pain, weight loss, decreasing appetite, fever, nausea or an enlarging abdominal mass are all signs that may be attributable to gall bladder cancer. [cancersupportivecare.com]

  She had no any other symptoms, drug abuse and there was no history of weight loss and loss of appetite. She had two surgeries – first due to uterine myomas and total hysterectomy due to cervical cancer. [czytelniamedyczna.pl]

• Chronic Infection

  Risk Factors For Development Into Cancer Age >50 Diabetes mellitus Gallstones or biliary sludge Primary sclerosing cholangitis Chronic infection with Salmonella typhi Porcelain gallbladder (calcification of the gallbladder wall) Polyp that is single, [ehealthstar.com]

  Typhoid People chronically infected with salmonella (the bacterium that causes typhoid) and those who are carriers of typhoid are more likely to get gallbladder cancer than those not infected. [cancer.org]

  Other scientists have presented the calcification of the gallbladder as a dystrophic process, which occurs due to the chronic infection and compromised circulation. [hellomrdoctor.com]

  The girl in this case had no evidence of stones or malignancy, but chronic cholecystitis was demonstrated microscopically. [drplace.com]

• Intravenous Administration

  The appearance of limy bile syndrome may simulate that of the gallbladder after the oral or intravenous administration of contrast medium; differentiation between limy bile syndrome and the gallbladder requires knowing whether cholecystographic contrast [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Vomiting

  Her history was negative for nausea, fever, vomiting, chest pain, heartburn, back pain, or changes in bowel movement patterns. There was no association between the pain and her eating patterns. [mdedge.com]

  The most common warning signs of porcelain gallbladder are abdominal pain, especially after eating, jaundice and vomiting. [ic.steadyhealth.com]

  Common Symptoms Sometimes patients have a porcelain gallbladder and never show symptoms, but there have been patients who experience: · Vomiting and nausea · Jaundice · Abdominal pain in the right side, often after a meal Effective Treatment Options Because [mivipsurgerymiami.com]

  Many patients who have this condition are asymptomatic, but warning signs of the condition can include: Abdominal pain Jaundice Vomiting Surgical treatment is recommended for people with porcelain gallbladder regardless of whether they experience any [cholecystectomylosangeles.com]

  However, some patients may complain of: Jaundiced skin or eyes Abdominal pain on the upper right side, especially following a meal Nausea and vomiting How to Treat a Porcelain Gallbladder Due to the associated risk of gallbladder cancer, most doctors [mivip.com]

• Loss of Appetite

  Loss of appetite History of cancer in the family Physical examination Palpation of the abdomen – most often elicits pain in the right upper quadrant Abdominal X-ray Curvilinear calcification in the right upper flank (corresponding to the gallbladder) [hellomrdoctor.com]

  She had no any other symptoms, drug abuse and there was no history of weight loss and loss of appetite. She had two surgeries – first due to uterine myomas and total hysterectomy due to cervical cancer. [czytelniamedyczna.pl]

• Jaundice

  An extrahepatic bile duct obstruction was diagnosed in a 13-year-old boy presenting with pruritus, abdominal pain and jaundice. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Symptoms and Signs Most patients with cholangiocarcinomas present with pruritus and painless obstructive jaundice, typically at age 50 to 70 yr. Early perihilar tumors may cause only vague abdominal pain, anorexia, and weight loss. [merckmanuals.com]

  Jaundice (the skin turning yellow), bloating, abdominal pain, weight loss, decreasing appetite, fever, nausea or an enlarging abdominal mass are all signs that may be attributable to gall bladder cancer. [cancersupportivecare.com]

  The most common warning signs of porcelain gallbladder are abdominal pain, especially after eating, jaundice and vomiting. [ic.steadyhealth.com]

• Hepatomegaly

  Other features include fatigue, acholic stool, a palpable mass, hepatomegaly, or a distended gallbladder (Courvoisier sign, with distal cholangiocarcinoma). [merckmanuals.com]

• Flushing

  From my experience with the liver and gallbladder […] Flushing Out Calcified Gallstones Flushing out calcified gallstones Hi, this is a question from Aradhna, she bought my liver flush book and had done one successful liver flush where numerous gallstones [ener-chi.com]

  Is it possible to flush gallbladder polyps? There in NO EVIDENCE about the effectiveness of any drug, remedy or juice that would soften and flush gallbladder polyps. [ehealthstar.com]

• Irritability

  It is believed that it caused by irritation the gallbladder by stones which lead to chronic inflammation associated with calcium deposit (2). [czytelniamedyczna.pl]

  Rarely- firm, nontender mass in the RUQ Pathogenesis Gallbladder wall injury is due to chronic irritation by gallstones. [gastroenterologybook.com]

  The constant irritation seems to lead to a process of chronic inflammation, with calcium deposits appearing at the level of the gallbladder wall. [hellomrdoctor.com]

  When many gallstones collect in the gallbladder, it becomes irritated, and precipitates calcification that might necessitate surgery. To understand the process that creates porcelain gallbladder, we must understand how this digestive organ works. [minahealth.com]

Diagnosis is made in most cases by a simple flat plate of the abdomen, and workup should include other roentgenographic examinations to exclude calcification of other viscera or the thoracic wall. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In our patient, after his cholecystectomy a hematologic workup was recommended to his primary physician. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely performed in the case of symptomatic cholelithiasis in this population. [bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com]

A cholecystokinin-HIDA scan is helpful in patients with suspected gallstones, but who have normal findings on ultrasonography and workup for their symptoms (e.g., upper endoscopy, upper gastrointestinal series, negative Helicobacter pylori serology). [aafp.org]

• Nephrolithiasis

  Right/left lumbar region: Nephrolithiasis Composition Frequency Radiographic appearance CT appearance Calicum oxalate 40% to 60% Radiopaque Opacified (1,700-2,800 HU) Hydroxyapatite 20% to 60% Radiopaque Opacified (1,200-1,600 HU) Uric acid 5% to 10% [auntminnieeurope.com]

• Polyps

  Other, much less common benign polyps include adenomas (causing adenomyomatosis) and inflammatory polyps. Small gallbladder polyps are incidental findings that do not require treatment. [merckmanuals.com]

  Gallbladder polyps A gallbladder polyp is a growth that bulges from the surface of the inner gallbladder wall. Some polyps are formed by cholesterol deposits in the gallbladder wall. [cancer.org]

  Larger polyps (bigger than a centimeter) have a greater chance of being cancerous, and doctors often recommend removing the gallbladder when larger polyps are found. [cancercenter.com]

  Polyp Multiple small hyperechoic polyps (arrow). Larger polyps may have detectable flow within vascular pedicle. A multilobulated sessile polyp attached to gallbladder wall (straight arrow) [multiple gallstones also present (curved arrow)]. [radcharts.org]

Treatment consists of cholecystectomy with a careful search for malignancy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We will provide you with additional porcelain gallbladder information and explain your treatment options. [mivipsurgerymiami.com]

Treatment [ edit ] Due to the increased risk for gallbladder cancer, the recommended treatment is cholecystectomy which usually includes pre-operative or intra-operative imaging of the biliary tree. [en.wikipedia.org]

As always, it’s wise to talk with your doctor about all of your treatment options. [everydayhealth.com]

What Are the Treatment Options? At miVIP Surgery Centers, patients have two options for gallbladder surgery: laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgery. [cholecystectomylosangeles.com]

[…] gallbladder with calcified wall can be mistaken for a gallstone Calcified hydatid cyst of liver Large gallstone with peripheral calcification Treatment Because of its high association with carcinoma of the gallbladder, a cholecystectomy is usually performed Prognosis [learningradiology.com]

Cholecystitis --Typically in a woman in her 40s Gallbladder carcinoma --In an elderly woman (too old for cholecystitis) Gallbladder Carcinoma: What is the prognosis for gallbladder carcinoma? Poor prognosis --Typically has already invaded [quizlet.com]

Treatment and prognosis Based on early studies which revealed a high association between porcelain gallbladder and gallbladder adenocarcinoma (22-30% of porcelain gallbladders developing gallbladder adenocarcinoma 3 ), cholecystectomy has been routinely [radiopaedia.org]

Gallbladder Cancer Risk Porcelain gallbladders were once thought to have a high risk of developing gallbladder cancer, a condition that has a poor prognosis, but the relationship is actually much less clear. [livehealthy.chron.com]

[…] was associated with cancer). 3 Similarly, a review of about 25 900 cholecystectomy records identified 150 cases of gallbladder cancer and 44 of calcified gallbladder, with about 7% of the calcified specimens showing signs of cancer. 6 Given the poor prognosis [cmaj.ca]

The etiology, diagnosis, and management of PGB and its significance in a pediatric patient are discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

GI Radiology > Biliary > Gallbladder > Neoplastic > Porcelain Gallbladder Neoplastic Diseases of Gallbladder Pathogenesis: Unknown etiology, most likely due to chronic gallbladder inflammation and gallstones. Women are most frequently affected. [med-ed.virginia.edu]

Best Answer: Hi Tiki Porcelain or calcified gallbladder is a relatively rare condition and not much is known about its etiology. Whether it is associated with gallbladder cancer or not appears to still be up for debate. [answers.yahoo.com]

Regardless of etiology, these patients usually will present with postprandial abdominal pain, and ultrasonography is the mainstay of diagnosis. However, some gallstones are radiopaque and can be visualized on plain abdominal radiography. [bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com]

Written by Dr Sebastian Zeki Histopathology: Epidemiology The incidence is 0.1%. M:F= 1:5. Mean age is 50. 15% get gallbladder cancer. [gastroenterologybook.com]

Epidemiology of Gallbladder Disease: Cholelithiasis and Cancer. [dovepress.com]

Multicenter Italian Study on Epidemiology of Cholelithiasis. Hepatology. 1997 Oct;26(4):809-18. 2. National Institutes of Health. Weight control Information Network, Publications - Dieting and Gallstones, WIN. [passeportsante.net]

PubMed View Article Google Scholar Stinton LM, Myers RP, Shafer EA: Epidemiology of gallstones. Gastroenterol Clin N Am. 2010, 39: 157-169. 10.1016/j.gtc.2010.02.003. [bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com]

Over the past two decades, much has been learned about the epidemiology of this condition and its risk factors 2 ( Table 1 3 ). [aafp.org]

Pathophysiology: Histologically, flakes of dystrophic calcium exist within the chronically inflamed gallbladder wall. The muscular wall of the gallbladder undergoes fibrotic changes. [curezone.org]

The exact pathophysiologic mechanism leading to oedema of the gallbladder wall in these diverse conditions is uncertain, but it is likely due to elevated portal venous pressure, elevated systemic venous pressure, decreased intravascular osmotic pressure [radiologyassistant.nl]

Diet There is no specific diet that would prevent gallbladder polyps. Since gallbladder polyps are commonly associated with gallstones, the diet that can help prevent gallstones may also reduce the risk of gallbladder polyps [3,4]. [ehealthstar.com]

The first one moves calcium around the body, MGP prevents calcium from going into arteries, ducts and all kinds of soft tissues, and GAS6 is effective for cancer protection. [gallbladderattack.com]

Certain chemicals in tea may prevent cells from growing abnormally and may have anti-inflammatory effects that reduce the risk of these bile tract diseases. International Journal of Cancer, 2006. [raysahelian.com]