Here, we present the case of a 67-year-old man with multiple sclerosis on chronic dexamethasone and concurrent supplementation of calcium and daily cholecalciferol presenting with painful calcified lesions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Gangrene

  […] calcification-cutaneous necrosis syndrome Clinical Features: Complication of renal failure, especially when there is secondary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism Painful violaceous lesions, most common on the trunk and extremities, which may progress to form ulcers and gangrene [dermpedia.org]

  (Also see: Calcinosis ) Gangrene Photo of Gangrene. Severe cases of systemic scleroderma and Raynaud's may cause a total lack of blood supply to the extremities. [sclero.org]

  In very severe cases, the skin may become gangrenous at the affected site. Pictures Calcinosis cutis pictures from Dermatology Atlas Brazil courtesy of Samuel Freire da Silva, M.D. [healthhype.com]

• Inguinal Hernia

  Keywords: Calcinosis, Skin, Scrotum INTRODUCTION Various factors can cause scrotal masses to be formed, from benign causes such as spermatocele, epididymitis, orchitis, hematocele, or inguinal hernia, to malignant causes such as testicular cancer. [e-sciencecentral.org]

During the preop workup, careful clinical assessment had revealed multiple subcutaneous nodules affecting the extensor musculature limited to the gluteal region, anterior and posterior aspects of the thigh. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It can be of four types: dystrophic, metastatic, idiopathic, and iatrogenic. [1] Following clinical diagnosis of calcinosis cutis, a thorough laboratory workup must be carried out to detect the underlying cause. [amhsjournal.org]

A hormonal workup, including calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, and thyroid hormone levels, was also within normal limits. [karger.com]

Workup should include a complete history and physical exam. Suggested lab studies might include an assessment of renal function, serum calcium (ionized or corrected for albumin), phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, and parathyroid hormone. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Therapy for calcinosis cutis consisted of medical treatment alone (n = 19), surgical therapy alone (n = 11), combined medical and surgical treatment (n = 17), no treatment (n = 30), and unknown (n = 1). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Complications & Prognosis The prognosis of calcinosis cutis is generally good and calcium deposits typically improve gradually over time depending on correction of the underlying cause of disease. [animalallergycolorado.com]

These patients manifest without cutaneous involvement, but do not differ in its clinical or laboratory features and prognosis from classical systemic sclerosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This subtyping is closely related to the prognosis and response to treatment. [jlponline.org]

Treatment and prognosis No established therapy is recognized, but calcium chelates (EDTA) bisphosphonates, and steroids have been used with little consistent benefit. [radiopaedia.org]

However, the prognosis is not usually as serious with calcinosis cutis. The condition can lead to severe disfigurement, superficial pain and skin ulcers. In rare instances, it can lead to gangrene due to blockage of blood flow. [healthhype.com]

Due to its multifactorial pathogenesis, several subtypes and potential etiologies have been described. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

(See "Calcinosis cutis: Etiology and patient evaluation" and "Calciphylaxis (calcific uremic arteriolopathy)", section on 'Treatment' .) [uptodate.com]

It is classified into 4 major types according to etiology: dystrophic, metastatic, iatrogenic, and idiopathic. [ajnr.org]

Epidemiology Calcinosis cutis commonly occurs in patients with systemic sclerosis, especially the limited form (CREST). [statpearls.com]

Clinical-epidemiological, cytological and histopathological study of idiopathic calcinosis cutis of the scrotum. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(11):EC01–EC4. 15. Jamaleddine FN, Salman SM, Shbaklo Z, Kibbi AG, Zaynoun S. [jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com]

The pathophysiology remains unclear and no effective therapy is currently available. We report a 30-year-old woman with a 13-year history of SLE who developed multiple calcinosis cutis around both knees and we review the relevant published work. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The pathophysiology of calcinosis cutis is not well understood, and there is a broad range of severity seen, from benign localized, small nodules to large, severely debilitating lesions (2). [clinicaltrials.gov]

Discussion Pathophysiology Various theories have been suggested regarding the elusive pathophysiology of CC. 1,4,7 Local alkaline phosphatase (ALP) elevations may lead to hydrolysis of extracellular pyrophosphates, which usually act to inhibit calcium [woundsresearch.com]

There are currently no effective medical therapies for the prevention or treatment of calcinosis. [consano.org]

A total hip arthroplasty using the posterior approach was performed with minimal trauma to the calcified nodules and thereby preventing a source of persistent drainage and reducing morbidity due to infection. 2017 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Your skin Holds body fluids in, preventing dehydration Keeps harmful microbes out, preventing infections Helps you feel things like heat, cold, and pain Keeps your body temperature even Makes vitamin D when the sun shines on it Anything that irritates [icdlist.com]

While various therapeutic modality have been used, no treatment has convincingly prevented or reduced calcinosis. We report two cases of calcinosis cutis combined with rheumatic disease. [synapse.koreamed.org]

Keep ulcerated areas clean and prevent pet from rubbing, scratching, licking or biting the irritated area. There is no specific treatment for calcinosis cutis, however, the underlying disease process must be addressed to help resolve this condition. [animalallergycolorado.com]