We present a case of calciphylaxis leading to lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and rectal ulceration of the GI mucosa. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Clinical presentation and progression also were consistent with calciphylaxis. [o-wm.com]

• Gangrene

  Penile gangrene secondary to various causes like, priapism, vasculitis, penile prosthesis, fournier\'s gangrene, and uraemia has been reported. [jpma.org.pk]

  […] be suspected in patients of uraemia with painful digital gangrene. [pmj.bmj.com]

  KEYWORDS: Acral gangrene, Calciphylaxis, Case report, Optic neuropathy, Renal failure, Visceral ischemia. [Indexed for MEDLINE] Free full text [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Weight Loss

  Arch Pathol Lab Med 125 : 1351 – 1353, 2001 ↵ Munavalli G, Reisenauer A, Moses M, Kilroy S, Arbiser JL: Weight loss-induced calciphylaxis: Potential role of matrix metalloproteinases. [doi.org]

  Related causes of death included sepsis, weight loss/malnutrition (from analgesics), stopping dialysis. Most patients also have multiple co-morbid conditions which could contribute to mortality. [gamma.wustl.edu]

  These include: Diabetes Obesity Weight loss Hypoalbuminemia Kidney transplantation Hyperparathyroidism Calcification in various blood vessels Use of corticosteroids Use of anticoagulant like warfarin (Coumadin) Calciphylaxis Signs and Symptoms Patients [hxbenefit.com]

  Weight loss-induced calciphylaxis: potential role of matrix metalloproteinases. J Dermatol. 2003 Dec;30(12):915-9. Panuncialman J, Falanga V. UNUSUAL CAUSES OF CUTANEOUS ULCERATION. [dermnetnz.org]

• Anorexia

  This is particularly important, since cinacalcet may cause severe gastrointestinal side effects, including anorexia and vomiting. [karger.com]

• Loss of Appetite

  Furthermore, she had a loss of appetite and lost 30 kg during the past year. Hypertension, recurrent ascendant urinary-tract infections and renal atherosclerosis were likely causes of renal failure. [bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com]

• Hypertension

  She had chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and peripheral vascular disease. Angiography revealed occlusion of the left superficial femoral, popliteal, and distal tibial arteries. Amputation was performed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  His medical history included coronary artery disease, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), myocardial infarction, status post percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), brachytherapy of the left circumflex artery, and possible [o-wm.com]

• Eczema

  […] acanthoma），Pilar tumor；Malignant proliferating trichilemmal cyst/tumor，Proliferating tricholemmal cystic squamous cell carcinoma 増殖性外毛根鞘（性）嚢腫（増殖性外毛根鞘嚢腫性棘細胞腫）；悪性増殖性外毛根鞘（性）嚢腫，増殖性外毛根鞘嚢腫性有棘細胞癌 144．P rurigo chronica multiforme 多形慢性痒疹 145．P rurigo nodularis，Eczema [mall-md.seikyou.ne.jp]

  […] acanthoma），Pilar tumor；Malignant proliferating trichilemmal cyst/tumor，Proliferating tricholemmal cystic squamous cell carcinoma 増殖性外毛根鞘（性）嚢腫（増殖性外毛根鞘嚢腫性棘細胞腫）；悪性増殖性外毛根鞘（性）嚢腫，増殖性外毛根鞘嚢腫性有棘細胞癌 144．Prurigo chronica multiforme 多形慢性痒疹 145．Prurigo nodularis，Eczema [nankodo.co.jp]

• Pruritus

  After eight months, due to very low dietary and drug compliance as well as increasing pruritus, parathyroidectomy was performed and cinacalcet was stopped. A significant improvement of skin condition and pruritus resulted. [karger.com]

• Kidney Failure

  It is predominantly seen in patients with chronic kidney failure treated with dialysis (uremic calciphylaxis) but is also described in patients with earlier stages of chronic kidney disease and with normal kidney function. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Urgent Kidney Transplantation as Successful Treatment of Calciphylaxis in Three Patients with End-Stage Kidney Failure. [abstract]. [atcmeetingabstracts.com]

  People who have calciphylaxis usually have kidney failure and are on dialysis or need a kidney transplant. The condition can also occur in people without kidney disease. [delawareonline.com]

  Diabetes and hypertension are major causes of kidney failure, although Huber notes that many kidney failure patients are not obese. [news-medical.net]

• Renal Injury

  Classic calciphylaxis associated with renal failure is a life-threatening disease. Warfarin-associated calciphylaxis without renal injury has been described, but whether it is a subset of classic calciphylaxis or a different entity remains unknown. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Warfarin-associated calciphylaxis without renal injury has been described, but whether it is a subset of classic calciphylaxis or a different entity remains unknown. [jamanetwork.com]

Sirich, MD, FASN Transplant Workup for Dialysis Patients: New Strategies Darin Treleaven, MD, MS Patient Selection for Home Dialysis or Home Dialysis in Select Patients? Harold E. [radiologyebook.vn]

Pathogenesis of this life threatening condition is not clearly understood and treatment is also controversial. [jpma.org.pk]

Most of the current treatments for non-uraemic calciphylaxis are derived from uraemic calciphylaxis treatment protocols. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] there are several other treatment modalities available such as calcimimetics and sodium thiosulfate. [sjkdt.org]

Patients with skin involvement over the trunk or proximal extremities have a poorer prognosis. [jasn.asnjournals.org]

Calciphylaxis is a rare syndrome of vascular calcification with thrombosis that occurs most often in patients with end-stage renal disease, and it frequently portends a guarded prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It is most often seen in patients with renal failure among many other occasionally reported etiologies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Although most calciphylaxis patients have abnormalities of the calcium:phosphate axis or elevated levels of parathyroid hormone, these abnormalities do not appear to be fundamental to the pathophysiology of the disorder, and the etiology of calciphylaxis [jasn.asnjournals.org]

Department, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, London, UK. 5 Division of Nephrology, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, APHP, University of Paris Ouest-Versailles-St-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Boulogne-Billancourt, Paris INSERM U1018, Research Centre in Epidemiology [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

As high as 85% mortality from secondary infections leading to sepsis Synonym(s): calcific uremic arteriolopathy; uremic gangrene syndrome; calcifying panniculitis Epidemiology Incidence 3.5 new cases/1,000 patient-years among patient with ESRD on chronic [unboundmedicine.com]

These theories remain speculative. [8, 11] Epidemiology Frequency Calciphylaxis is an uncommon condition that affects 1-4% of the population with ESRD. [18, 19] A concern exists that the incidence has increased during the last decade because of a number [emedicine.com]

The lack of understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease results in treatments that are equally unsatisfactory. [jasn.asnjournals.org]

The etiology and pathophysiology of calciphylaxis aren't well understood. There are many risk factors, and the reported median survival time is 2.6 months after diagnosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

As the pathogenesis of calciphylaxis is better understood, targeted therapies aimed at disease prevention and reversal will follow. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Calciphylaxis Prevention This is an incurable and fatal condition, which means preventing the occurrence of the disorder is very important for individuals at risk of developing these lesions. [hxbenefit.com]