Presentation
It was also noted that calcium gluconate was more effective in patients who presented 3 hours of more after they were bitten. Antivenom may be necessary in those who present with symptoms in less than 3 hours. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Entire Body System
- Asymptomatic
Treatment of asymptomatic neonatal hypocalcaemia is controversial. [adhb.govt.nz]
Asymptomatic patient: 1 gram calcium gluconate IV q6-12h with careful monitoring of Ca++ levels. [globalrph.com]
Hypocalcemia Hypocalcemia’s manifestations range from asymptomatic to life threatening. [web.archive.org]
[…] rarely produced by administration of calcium alone, but may occur with large doses in patients with chronic renal failure. b Avoid overtreatment of hypocalcemia since hypercalcemia may be more dangerous than hypocalcemia. b Mild hypercalcemia may be asymptomatic [drugs.com]
- Intravenous Administration
Abstract Nine infants who had severe local manifestations following intravenous administration of calcium gluconate are presented. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Intravenous calcium should be restricted to acute symptomatic patients that require prompt therapy. " Treatment of Hypocalcemia : Treatment of hypocalcemia requires administration of calcium. [globalrph.com]
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Calcium Gluconate should be administered intravenously either directly or by infusion. The dose is dependent upon the individual requirements of the patient. [rxlist.com]
Learn more Absorption Following intravenous administration of 500mg nafcillin, the mean plasma concentration was approximately 30 µg/mL. This value was reached after 5 minutes of injection Label. [drugbank.ca]
- Anorexia
Early : Weakness, headache, somnolence, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, muscle pain, bone pain, metallic taste, and anorexia. [drug.wellingtonicu.com]
Hypercalcaemia characterised by anorexia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain, muscle weakness, mental disturbances, polydipsia, polyuria, nephrocalcinosis, renal calculi; chalky taste, hot flushes and peripheral vasodilation. [drugsupdate.com]
[…] calcium alone, but may occur with large doses in patients with chronic renal failure. b Avoid overtreatment of hypocalcemia since hypercalcemia may be more dangerous than hypocalcemia. b Mild hypercalcemia may be asymptomatic or manifest as constipation, anorexia [drugs.com]
- Dentist
This includes your child’s doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists. Have blood work checked as you have been told by the doctor. Talk with the doctor. This drug may affect certain lab tests. [mskcc.org]
Tell any other doctors, dentists, and pharmacists who treat you that you have been given this medicine. If you are going to have surgery, tell the surgeon or anaesthetist that you have been given this medicine. [nps.org.au]
Respiratoric
- Hoarseness
[…] very bad side effect: All products: Signs of an allergic reaction, like rash; hives; itching; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever; wheezing; tightness in the chest or throat; trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking; unusual hoarseness [mskcc.org]
- Cough
Tell the doctor about the allergy and what signs your child had, like rash; hives; itching; shortness of breath; wheezing; cough; swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat; or any other signs. If your child has high calcium levels. [mskcc.org]
Gastrointestinal
- Abdominal Pain
Hypercalcaemia characterised by anorexia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain, muscle weakness, mental disturbances, polydipsia, polyuria, nephrocalcinosis, renal calculi; chalky taste, hot flushes and peripheral vasodilation. [drugsupdate.com]
Symptoms of an overdose may include: nausea, vomiting loss of appetite abdominal pain, constipation weakness in the muscles and painful joints excessive thirst and excessive passing of urine change in heart beat or chest pain. [nps.org.au]
muscle cramps, abdominal pain, back pain, and hypertension. [doi.org]
Acute ingestion of large doses of nafcillin may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Acute oliguric renal failure and hematuria may occur following large doses. [drugbank.ca]
Musculoskeletal
- Muscle Cramp
cramping and as an adjunct in the treatment of rickets, osteomalacia, lead colic and magnesium sulfate overdosage. [jiaanbiotech.com]
It is also used for the treatment of black widow spider bites to relieve muscle cramping and treatment of osteoporosis or rickets. [chemicalbook.com]
Calcium Gluconate is prescribed in patients with acute lead colic, hypersensitivity reactions and insect bite/sting-induced muscle cramps. [nclexpreceptor.com]
She complained of severe pain and muscle cramps in the shoulder, neck, and back. [doi.org]
It is also used in the treatment of black widow spider bites to relieve muscle cramping and as an adjunct in the treatment of rickets, osteomalacia, lead colic and magnesium sulfate overdosage. [rxlist.com]
- Bone Pain
Early : Weakness, headache, somnolence, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, muscle pain, bone pain, metallic taste, and anorexia. [drug.wellingtonicu.com]
Call your doctor at once if you have: little or no urinating; swelling, rapid weight gain; or high levels of calcium in your blood-- nausea, vomiting, constipation, increased thirst or urination, muscle weakness, bone pain, confusion, lack of energy, [drugs.com]
Call your doctor at once if you have: little or no urinating; swelling, rapid weight gain; or high levels of calcium in your blood --nausea, vomiting, constipation, increased thirst or urination, muscle weakness, bone pain, confusion, lack of energy, [peacehealth.org]
Signs of high calcium levels like weakness, confusion, feeling tired, headache, upset stomach and throwing up, constipation, or bone pain. Injection: Flushing. Very bad dizziness or passing out. Slow heartbeat. A heartbeat that does not feel normal. [mskcc.org]
Skin
- Erythema
After extravasation of a 10% calcium gluconate infusion, rapid and marked swelling, erythema, and signs of soft tissue necrosis developed over the dorsum of the right hand and wrist. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Local effects of exposure range from delayed-onset pain and erythema (dilute solutions) to immediate pain with skin blanching surrounded by erythema (from higher concentrations). [dpic.org]
- Pruritus
Calcium gluconate has also been employed to decrease capillary permeability in allergic conditions, nonthrombocytopenic purpura and exudative dermatoses such as dermatitis herpetiformis and for pruritus of eruptions caused by certain drugs. [jiaanbiotech.com]
Late : Polyuria, polydipsia, anorexia, weight loss, nocturia, conjunctivitis (calcific), pancreatitis, photophobia, rhinorrhea, pruritus, hyperthermia, decreased libido, elevated Cr, albuminuria, hypercholesterolemia, elevated AST and ALT, ectopic calcification [drug.wellingtonicu.com]
[…] bites or stings (e.g., black widow spider) or to decrease capillary permeability in sensitivity reactions characterized by urticaria or angioedema and in allergic conditions, including nonthrombocytopenic purpura, dermatitis herpetiformis, drug-induced pruritus [drugs.com]
- Dermatitis
Calcium gluconate has also been employed to decrease capillary permeability in allergic conditions, nonthrombocytopenic purpura and exudative dermatoses such as dermatitis herpetiformis and for pruritus of eruptions caused by certain drugs. [jiaanbiotech.com]
Human systemic effects in infants by intramuscular route: dermatitis and fever. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes. See also CALCIUM COMPOUNDS. [chemicalbook.com]
[…] muscle cramps in the treatment of insect bites or stings (e.g., black widow spider) or to decrease capillary permeability in sensitivity reactions characterized by urticaria or angioedema and in allergic conditions, including nonthrombocytopenic purpura, dermatitis [drugs.com]
- Purpura
Calcium gluconate has also been employed to decrease capillary permeability in allergic conditions, nonthrombocytopenic purpura and exudative dermatoses such as dermatitis herpetiformis and for pruritus of eruptions caused by certain drugs. [jiaanbiotech.com]
It can also be used to decrease the capillary permeability in allergic conditions, nonthrombocytopenic purpura and exudative dermatoses. [chemicalbook.com]
[…] relieve muscle cramps in the treatment of insect bites or stings (e.g., black widow spider) or to decrease capillary permeability in sensitivity reactions characterized by urticaria or angioedema and in allergic conditions, including nonthrombocytopenic purpura [drugs.com]
- Blister
Several drugs have been associated with dermoepidermal blistering as an adverse drug reaction, but there is only one existing report in the literature about this side-effect associated with calcium gluconate. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
These experimental conditions, although different from the clinical setting (which includes a water decontamination), produced a lesion typical of HF exposure characterized by a central necrotic blister surrounded by a well-delimited edema. 2 The development [dx.doi.org]
Neurologic
- Irritability
Abstract Calcium gluconate is irritating to soft tissues and can produce tissue necrosis and slough; Radiographs of the part following extravasation initially show only soft tissue swelling. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The gluconate salt is not irritating to the veins but has been reported to cause skin necrosis and sloughing in infants. The i.m. route should not be used because it is irritating, painful, and may cause abscess formation. [rxmed.com]
Carefully monitor infants of hypocalcemic mothers for abnormal calcium levels; signs include neuromuscular irritability, apnea, cyanosis, and cardiac arrhythmias. [drugs.com]
Gastric irritation and diarrhoea may occur during oral therapy. Avoid intra-arterial and subcutaneous administration. Never give intramuscularly. Adjust dose in renal failure. [adhb.govt.nz]
- Tingling
Sweating, tingling sensations, “heat waves”, tissue irritation and necrosis. Rapid IV administration may cause vasodilation, hypotension, bradycardia, cardiac arrhythmia, syncope and cardiac arrest. Hypercalcemia. [iwkpoisoncentre.ca]
Adverse Reactions Patients may complain of tingling sensations, a sense of oppression or heat waves and a calcium or chalky taste following the intravenous administration of calcium gluconate. [globalrph.com]
Tell your doctor or nurse if you notice any of the following and they worry you: tingling sensation a feeling of heat or heaviness over the body a calcium or chalky taste. [nps.org.au]
IV Injection Effects Extravasation of calcium solution into surrounding tissues during IV injection can cause necrosis. b Patients may complain of tingling sensations, a sense of oppression or heat waves, and a calcium or chalky taste following IV administration [drugs.com]
- Confusion
Call your doctor at once if you have: little or no urinating; swelling, rapid weight gain; or high levels of calcium in your blood-- nausea, vomiting, constipation, increased thirst or urination, muscle weakness, bone pain, confusion, lack of energy, [drugs.com]
Call your doctor at once if you have: little or no urinating; swelling, rapid weight gain; or high levels of calcium in your blood --nausea, vomiting, constipation, increased thirst or urination, muscle weakness, bone pain, confusion, lack of energy, [peacehealth.org]
Signs of high calcium levels like weakness, confusion, feeling tired, headache, upset stomach and throwing up, constipation, or bone pain. Injection: Flushing. Very bad dizziness or passing out. Slow heartbeat. A heartbeat that does not feel normal. [mskcc.org]
[…] chronic renal failure. b Avoid overtreatment of hypocalcemia since hypercalcemia may be more dangerous than hypocalcemia. b Mild hypercalcemia may be asymptomatic or manifest as constipation, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting, with mental changes such as confusion [web.archive.org]
- Dizziness
After being given Calcium Gluconate Injection After you have been given Calcium Gluconate Injection you should lie down for a short time to prevent dizziness. If you feel light-headed or dizzy when getting up, get up slowly. [nps.org.au]
Very bad dizziness or passing out. Slow heartbeat. A heartbeat that does not feel normal. This drug may cause tissue damage if the drug leaks from the vein. [mskcc.org]
- Headache
Symptoms of overdose may include: nausea / vomiting, loss of appetite, mental/mood changes, headache, weakness, tiredness. [webmd.com]
Early : Weakness, headache, somnolence, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, muscle pain, bone pain, metallic taste, and anorexia. [drug.wellingtonicu.com]
Signs of high calcium levels like weakness, confusion, feeling tired, headache, upset stomach and throwing up, constipation, or bone pain. Injection: Flushing. Very bad dizziness or passing out. Slow heartbeat. A heartbeat that does not feel normal. [mskcc.org]
Workup
Serum
- Calcium Increased
Total and ionized serum calcium increased 3 to 6 hours following the calcium, but not the placebo, infusion. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Intramuscular injections may lead to local necrosis and abscess formation. [6 ] It is also reported that this form of calcium increases renal plasma flow, diuresis, natriuresis, [7 ] [8 ] glomerular filtration rate, [9 ] and prostaglandin E2 and F1-alpha [house.wikia.com]
Intramuscular injections may lead to local necrosis and abscess formation.It is also reported that this form of calcium increases renal plasma flow, diuresis, natriuresis, glomerular filtration rate, and prostaglandin E2 and F1-alpha levels. [en.wikipedia.org]
Treatment
Citrate reactions occurred in 35.6% of Group A and 29.4% of Group B treatments (P = 0.3), but in only 8.6% of Group C treatments (P < 0.0001). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The other lesion for each animal received no treatment; in this experimental design, each rat is its own control for assessment of treatment efficacy. [dx.doi.org]
Epidemiology
The aim of this study is to present a number of cases of calcium gluconate extravasation, which have occurred in our hospital, and to carry out a review of those clinical cases published in the literature to obtain relevant epidemiological data. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Pathophysiology
And also it presented pathophysiologic mechanism underlying severe hypokalemia as well as suggestions for clinical practice regarding combination use of dexamethasone and calcium gluconate. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prevention
Abstract We have examined the effectiveness of intravenous calcium gluconate infusion in the prevention of citrate reactions during therapeutic plasma exchange. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
They may also be used for the prevention of hypocalcaemia in exchange transfusions, and in long term electrolyte replacement therapy. [healthdirect.gov.au]
RATIONALE: Chemoprotective drugs, such as calcium gluconate and magnesium sulfate, may prevent neurotoxicity caused by oxaliplatin. [clinicaltrials.gov]
Supplementation may be done to treat or prevent osteoporosis or rickets. [en.wikipedia.org]