[…] strategic direction of the research presented, was directly responsible for the supervision of JSC and provided critical input to the manuscript. [sti.bmj.com]

[Case Reports] West Indian Med J. 2005 Oct; 54(5):343-5.West W, Fletcher H, … Vaughan K WI The authors present a case of disseminated granuloma inguinale with bilateral psoas abscesses. [unboundmedicine.com]

Granuloma inguinale and HIV: a unique presentation and novel treatment regimen. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1997 Sep. 37(3 Pt 1):494-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. Sardana K, Garg VK, Arora P, Khurana N. [emedicine.medscape.com]

All patients presenting with possible donovanosis or sexually transmitted infection should be considered for HIV testing. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Thiswide range is probably multifactorial andmay reflect either late presentation anddenial or non-sexual transmission. [fr.slideshare.net]

• Gangrene

  Other measures include clinical and radiologic surveillance for surgically treatable entities such as pulmonary gangrene, lung abscess, and empyema. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Pathologist

  [New Latin, genus name, after Edwin Klebs (1834-1913), German-American pathologist born in Königsberg (Kaliningrad).] American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. [thefreedictionary.com]

• Pelvic Mass

  Donovanosis presenting as a pelvic mass mimicking ovarian cancer. South Med J. 2009 Jan. 102(1):104-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. Taneja S, Jena A, Tangri R, Sekhon R. Case report. MR appearance of cervical donovanosis mimicking carcinoma of the cervix. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Sections Granuloma Inguinale (Donovanosis) Overview Background Pathophysiology Etiology Epidemiology Prognosis Patient Education Show All Presentation History Physical Examination Complications Show All DDx Workup Laboratory Studies Imaging Studies Other [emedicine.medscape.com]

Without treatment: Severe genital disfigurement Pseudoelephantiasis Dissemination to liver & bone Diagnostic Workup for Donovanosis Isolation and culture of the organism are not easy or straightforward; therefore, the best way to diagnose donovanosis [lecturio.com]

Granuloma inguinale (donovanosis): Workup: Laboratory studies. Medscape. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1052617-workup [10] Satter, E.K. 2015. Granuloma inguinale (donovanosis): Treatment: Medical care. [microbewiki.kenyon.edu]

(Calymmatobacterium granulomatis) 98 results Potential for Phages in the Treatment of Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections. [unboundmedicine.com]

A treatment failure with ampicillin was reported by Johnson in 1991 (22). On the strength of available evidence ampicillin cannot be recommended as first line treatment. [antimicrobe.org]

Donovanosis Microchapters Home Patient Information Overview Historical Perspective Pathophysiology Causes Classification Differentiating Donovanosis from other Diseases Epidemiology and Demographics Risk Factors Natural History, Complications and Prognosis [wikidoc.org]

Prognosis Relapse may occur up to 18 months after treatment. If untreated, the lesions may continue to expand for years. If granuloma inguinale remains untreated, secondary infections and lymphedema/elephantiasis may occur. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Any patient found to have a sexually transmitted disease should be considered for HIV testing.[3] Prognosis The prognosis for uncomplicated donovanosis is positive with appropriate treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis If untreated the lesions may continue to increase in size and despite treatment, recurrent donovanosis is common. Relapse may occur up to 18 months after treatment. Healing of donovanosis ulcers can leave scars or hypertrophic lesions. [lecturio.com]

[Diagnosis and therapy of genitoanal ulcers of infectious etiology]. Malisiewicz B, Schöfer H. Malisiewicz B, et al. Hautarzt. 2015 Jan;66(1):19-29. doi: 10.1007/s00105-014-3551-3. Hautarzt. 2015. PMID: 25523404 Review. German. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

"An etiologic consideration of Donovania granulomatis cultivated from granuloma inguinale (three cases) in embryonic egg yolk." J. Exp. Med. (1945) 81:25-40. [No PubMed record available.] Aragao H & Vianna G (1913) Aragao, H., and Vianna, G. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

However, DNA sequencing of 16S rRNA and phoE genes revealed similarity to Klebsiella.[1] There is 99% homology between the etiologic agent of donovanosis and members of Klebsiella.[2] A proposal has been put forth to reclassify the bacteria to Klebsiella [wikidoc.org]

Granuloma inguinale Summary Epidemiology Etiology Clinical features Diagnostics Differential diagnoses Treatment Complications [amboss.com]

Etiology Granuloma inguinale is caused by Klebsiella granulomatis, a gram-negative pleomorphic bacillus formerly known as Calymmatobacterium granulomatis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Epidemiology Frequency United States Fewer than 100 cases of granuloma inguinale are reported annually, many of which are thought to be acquired during foreign travel. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Epidemiology Prevalence: endemic to tropical and subtropical countries Incidence: < 100 cases annually in the US Age range: 20–40 years References:[1] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

Donovanosis Microchapters Home Patient Information Overview Historical Perspective Pathophysiology Causes Classification Differentiating Donovanosis from other Diseases Epidemiology and Demographics Risk Factors Natural History, Complications and Prognosis [wikidoc.org]

Recurrence is said to occur despite good initial responses. 58 Epidemiological treatment can be considered in the absence of signs and symptoms in sexual partners of index cases. [doi.org]

The Use of Molecular Techniques for the Diagnosis and Epidemiologic Study of Sexually Transmitted Infections. Black CM, Morse SA. Black CM, et al. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2000 Feb;2(1):31-43. doi: 10.1007/s11908-000-0085-x. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2000. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Donovanosis Microchapters Home Patient Information Overview Historical Perspective Pathophysiology Causes Classification Differentiating Donovanosis from other Diseases Epidemiology and Demographics Risk Factors Natural History, Complications and Prognosis [wikidoc.org]

Pathophysiology The intracellular organism responsible for granuloma inguinale was initially described by Donovan over a century ago, and subsequently, the bacterium was classified in 1913 as Calymmatobacterium granulomatis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

In general, the incubation period is recorded as 1 to 365 days due to lack of data.[4] Pathophysiology Donovanosis is a sexually transmitted infection that can rarely have non-sexual modes of transmission. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pathophysiology of Donovanosis Once the patient acquires the causative organism Klebsiella granulomatis, repeated exposure is important in order for them to develop clinical symptoms. [lecturio.com]

[Guideline] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Medical Examination of Aliens--Revisions to Medical Screening Process. Final rule. Fed Regist. 2016 Jan 26. 81 (16):4191-206. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Source: Wikipedia, Wikipedia LP6429-7 Organism specific culture An organism-specific culture contains nutrients that optimize the growth of a specific organism and inhibitors that prevent the growth of competing organisms. [loinc.org]

Classification Differentiating Donovanosis from other Diseases Epidemiology and Demographics Risk Factors Natural History, Complications and Prognosis Diagnosis History and Symptoms Physical Examination Laboratory Findings Treatment Medical Therapy Prevention [wikidoc.org]

Control measures for donovanosis Preventive measures Preventive measures include education about safe sex practices, including use of condoms when having vaginal or anal sex, and early detection of infection by testing of people at risk. [health.vic.gov.au]