A thin/watery gray-white discharge is present A fouls smell is present and often described as an Amine Odor or Fishy Smell. This smell is intensified after unprotected intercourse or when KOH is added (AKA Positive Whiff Test). [stomponstep1.com]

At present, no information is available regarding the biologic mechanism of fluconazole resistance in the vaginal isolates and these studies are ongoing. [journals.lww.com]

This occurred in the present case since conventional carbohydrate assimilation tests did not result in definitive species identification. [mmy.oxfordjournals.org]

The results of demographic variables are in agreement with the present study. Wallimg’s study ( 17 ) in the United States showed that most candidiasis vaginitis samples were not pregnant, which does not agree with the present study. [archcid.portal.tools]

• Camping

  Cyclic AMP (cAMP) production was also induced by (CKPV)2 administration in macrophages. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Urticaria

  […] pemphigoid, herpes gestationalis and dermatitis herpetiformis Gram negative bacilli Donovanosis Chancroid Granulomatous disorders Including Crohn's disease and sarcoidosis Spirochaetes Syphilis Vasculopathic disorders Including Behcet's disease and urticaria [nps.org.au]

• Neglect

  Tampons, condoms, neglected diaphragms, and irritating douches or deodorant sprays can upset the vagina's environmental balance and produce abnormal vaginal discharge. Hyperglycemia and antibiotics can also disturb this balance. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Control group selection is an important but neglected issue in studies of antibiotic resistance. Ann Intern Med 2000;132:925. 21. Kaye KS, Harris AD, Samore M, Carmeli Y. [journals.lww.com]

• Vaginal Discharge

  The patient was a 28 year old woman who presented with symptoms of vulval pruritis and profuse vaginal discharge for six months. [sti.bmj.com]

  Wet Prep (AKA Wet Mount Test) – microscopic examination of vaginal discharge used to differentiate between different types of vulvovaginitis. The vaginal specimen is obtained using a speculum and a que tip similar to how one gets a pap smear. [stomponstep1.com]

  discharge nonpainful Physical exam off-white or gray and thin vaginal discharge normal vulva Vulvovaginal candidiasis Candida albicans Symptoms pruritus and soreness dyspareunia Physical exam thick, white, odorless, and curd-like vaginal discharge vulvar [medbullets.com]

  What causes vaginal discharge ? Vaginal discharge is a normal process which keeps the mucosal lining of the vagina moist. [dermnetnz.org]

• Dysuria

  Inflammation leads to burning, itching, erythema, dysuria and dyspareunia. Many leukocytes are seen on microscopic examination Patchy Erythema on cervix is referred to as Strawberry Petechiae. [stomponstep1.com]

  Typical symptoms of VVC include pruritus, vaginal soreness, dyspareunia, external dysuria, and abnormal vaginal discharge. None of these symptoms is specific for VVC. [cdc.gov]

  […] especially under foreskin, may or may not be itchy White ‘curd like’ vaginal discharge although discharge can appear normal Swelling of foreskin if severe Genital/vulval itch, discomfort Fissures Superficial erosions Superficial dysparuenia External dysuria [sti.guidelines.org.au]

• Dyspareunia

  Inflammation leads to burning, itching, erythema, dysuria and dyspareunia. Many leukocytes are seen on microscopic examination Patchy Erythema on cervix is referred to as Strawberry Petechiae. [stomponstep1.com]

  Symptoms and Signs Vaginal vulvar pruritus, burning, or irritation (which may be worse during intercourse) and dyspareunia are common, as is a thick, white, cottage cheese–like vaginal discharge that adheres to the vaginal walls. [msdmanuals.com]

  Physical exam thick, white, odorless, and curd-like vaginal discharge vulvar erythema and edema Trichomoniasis Trichomonas vaginalis Symptoms malodo rous greenish discharge burning dyspareunia and dysuria postcoital bleeding Physical exam malodorous [medbullets.com]

  Atrophic vaginitis can manifest clinically with symptoms of vaginal dryness, itching, discharge, irritation, and dyspareunia. [aafp.org]

• Vaginal Odor

  Symptoms Bacterial vaginosis — Bacterial vaginosis causes an abnormal grayish-white vaginal discharge with a foul-smelling vaginal odor. [drugs.com]

  When to see a doctor See your doctor if you develop unusual vaginal discomfort, especially if: You have a particularly unpleasant vaginal odor, discharge or itching. You've never had a vaginal infection. [mayoclinic.org]

  Symptomatic women experience mild to severe inflammation, itching, burning, vaginal odor, and a profuse greenish yellow vaginal discharge. Men may notice irritation of the penis, burning with urination, or penile discharge. [innerbody.com]

  Review Topic QID: 108567 1 Congenital anomaly in the child 2 Neonatal sepsis in the child M2 Select Answer to see Preferred Response PREFERRED RESPONSE 4 (M2.GN.4874) A 24-year-old woman calls her gynecologist complaining of vaginal odor and vaginal discharge [medbullets.com]

  odor If you have these vaginal yeast infection symptoms, then it is likely that you have a vaginal yeast infection. [candida-albicans-cure.com]

• Vulvar Irritation

  If symptoms suggest candidal vaginitis but signs (including vulvar irritation) are absent and microscopy does not detect fungal elements, fungal culture is done. [msdmanuals.com]

  Pelvic exam reveals no vulvar irritation but moderate amounts of discharge, shown in Figure A. Microscopic examination of the discharge reveals findings shown in Figure B. The patient is prescribed medication for her condition. [medbullets.com]

Following laboratory workup, 71 specimens were positive for genus Candida (30.6%). Further speciation showed 32.4% as Candida albicans, 45.07% Candida parapsilosis and 22.53% of Candida glabrata. [ijpmonline.org]

At least one swab identified to species level is an essential part of the diagnostic workup of any woman presenting with chronic or persistent vaginitis. Usually, but not always, the yeast is present in large amounts and is visible on microscopy. [sti.bmj.com]

[…] treatments for vaginitis (boric acid, tea tree oil, live acidophilus, garlic) have not been well studied but may have some efficacy. [10, 11, 12] If the patient shows no improvement, despite symptomatic or over-the-counter treatment, refer her for further workup [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Helicobacter Pylori

  Comparative study of Nigella Sativa and triple therapy in eradication of Helicobacter Pylori in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2010; 16 (3): 207-14[ DOI ][ PubMed ] 17. Wallimg AD. [archcid.com]

  Comparative study of Nigella Sativa and triple therapy in eradication of Helicobacter Pylori in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2010; 16 (3):207-14. [ DOI ] [ PubMed ] 17. Wallimg AD. [archcid.portal.tools]

• Fusarium

  […] responsible for serotype specificity in Candida albicans, Microbiology, 1995, vol. 141 (pg. 1535 - 1543 ) Evaluation of Bichro-Dubli Fumouze to distinguish Candida dubliniensis from Candida albicans, Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 2006, vol. 55 (pg. 165 - 167 ) Fusarium [mmy.oxfordjournals.org]

Intravenous treatment with rhMBL alone or in combination with oral itraconazole enhanced the clearance of C. albicans from the vagina of wild-type or MBL gene knockout (KO) mice; rhMBL was modestly effective alone. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prior terconazole use was not associated with treatment failure (P 0.09). Ten failures received boric acid suppositories as subsequent treatment; a cure was effected in 4 (40%). [jhu.pure.elsevier.com]

[…] the treatment (P 0.001). [archcid.portal.tools]

Results: 85% of patients favourably responded to treatment, 10% remained asymptomatic for a period of less than one year and 5% of patients did not respond to treatment. [xn--revistaespaoladeozonoterapia-7xc.es]

What Is the Prognosis? Once treatment starts, most candidiasis infections get better within about 2 weeks. Recurrences are fairly common. Long-lasting thrush is sometimes related to pacifiers. [healthychildren.org]

Prognosis Medications cure up to 90% of vaginal infections. If you do not improve with the first treatment, your doctor usually can cure your infection with a longer course of medication, or a different medication. [drugs.com]

menopause) Prognosis bacterial vaginosis infection may recur in 30% of women trichomoniasis infection may recur in 5-31% of cases vulvovaginal candidiasis infection may recur in 50% of initially infected women Presentation Vaginitis Vaginitis Etiology [medbullets.com]

Complications and prognosis Cure rate is 80% for uncomplicated cases [ 1 ]. Depression and psychosexual problems can occur in women who suffer recurrent episodes. [patient.info]

Cases of systemic candidiasis that are diagnosed quickly and treated effectively have the best prognosis, especially if the infection can be stopped before it spreads to major organs. [health24.com]

Candida albicans and non-albicans species as etiological agent of vaginitis in pregnant and non-pregnant women. Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2010; 10 (1): 89-97[ PubMed ] 4. Berek JS. Berek and Novak's gynecology. 2012; : 522-6 5. Ahmad A, Khan AU. [archcid.com]

While many theories have been proposed, the etiology of this condition remains unknown. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Clinical study of Candida vaginitis in Ahvaz, Iran and susceptibility of agents to topical antifungal Ali Zarei Mahmoudabadi 1, Mahin Najafyan 2, Maryam Alidadi 3 Abstract Objective : To evaluate etiological agents of vaginal candidiasis in Ahvaz, Iran [pjms.com.pk]

Etiology. Inflammation of the vaginal mucosa is invariably related to a disturbance in normal vaginal physiology. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Any further epidemiologic claims would be distorted by the accrual bias of referred cases. [journals.lww.com]

An epidemiological survey of vulvovaginal candidiasis in Italy. Eur JObstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2003 Sep 10;110(1):66-72. [ Links ] 16. VermitskyJP, SelfMJ, ChadwickSG, TramaJP, AdelsonME, MordechaiE, et al. [scielo.iics.una.py]

"The epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidosis: a mycological perspective". Critical Reviews in Microbiology. 37 (3): 250–61. doi : 10.3109/1040841X.2011.576332. [en.wikipedia.org]

References Vulvovaginal candidosis, Lancet, 2007, vol. 369 (pg. 1961 - 1971 ) Vaginal candidosis: epidemiological and etiological factors, Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2000, vol. 71 Suppl 1 (pg. [mmy.oxfordjournals.org]

[…] by an alkaline vaginal discharge may lead to chronic irritation and inflammation Other - Some authors have associated vulvar vestibulitis with a history of sexual abuse, elective abortions, severe marital conflicts, depression, and anxiety Neurologic pathophysiology [emedicine.medscape.com]

Pathophysiology, causative organisms of bacterial vaginosis can cause diseases of the genital tract by releasing high as sialidases and mucinases enzymes that alter the mucosal barrier, decrease defense mechanisms of the cervix and vagina, increase the [imedpub.com]

Prevention and treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis using exogenous Lactobacillus. J. Obstet. Gynecol. [futuremedicine.com]

Thin/watery frothy (bubbly) yellow-green discharge On Saline prep see motile flagellate protozoa/trophozoites Can have malodorous/fishy smell/foul smell Alkalotic pH ( 4.5 in reproductive age) Treatment oral metronidazole for both partners to prevent [stomponstep1.com]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Candida Infection of the Skin. MedlinePlus. Definition of Invasive Candidiasis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Patient Education: Vaginal Yeast Infection (Beyond the Basics). UpToDate. [everydayhealth.com]

Screening for bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy to prevent preterm delivery: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148(3):214-219. Nygren P, Fu R, Freeman M, et al; U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. [aetna.com]

Prevention Because Trichomonas vaginitis is a STD that can be transmitted during sexual activity, you can help to prevent infection by: Not having sex Having sex with only one uninfected partner Consistently using male latex condoms during sexual intercourse [drugs.com]