These pathologies represent a challenge for professionals both for their diagnostic and treatment aspects, presenting a range of biological behaviors and similar histological aspects. [teses.usp.br]

Mitoses are present. Multiple foci of lymphovascular involvement are present. Perineural involvement is seen. The tumor is present at the margin of resection. [pathologyoutlines.com]

Case Presentation A 50-year-old male presented with a painless mass in the right preauricular area since 5 years, for which he underwent FNAC and report showed Pleomorphic Adenoma. But, the patient did not take any treatment. [austinpublishinggroup.com]

In the older series, Gnepp presented a 5-year survival range of 25–65% [1]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Case Report: 54-year-old male presented with swelling on left side in the pre-auricular region from the middle of zygomatic arch to mastoid process and from tragus of the ear up to angle of mandible. [ajol.info]

• Swelling

  Comment Here Reference: Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma Board review style question #2 A 57 year old man presents with right facial swelling and paralysis. Following appropriate workup, he undergoes surgical resection of the right facial mass. [pathologyoutlines.com]

  Case Report: 54-year-old male presented with swelling on left side in the pre-auricular region from the middle of zygomatic arch to mastoid process and from tragus of the ear up to angle of mandible. [ajol.info]

  The skin over the swelling was normal. CT and MRI showed a single ovoid well-circumscribed mass in the right parotid space measuring about 3x2x1.5 cm (Figure 1). Then the patient was advised excisional biopsy of the lesion. [austinpublishinggroup.com]

  In Gnepp’s review, the cancer had a mean lead up time of 23.3 years, with half the patients aware of the swelling for about 2–3 years [1]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Parotid Mass

  Parotid mass 2 distinct tumor components Parotid mass involving skin Frozen section description Routine use of frozen section for salivary gland tumors is not appropriate (Head Neck 2019;41:269) May be useful in some settings (e.g. in cases of facial [pathologyoutlines.com]

  Nouraei et al. [2] reported the presence of a parotid mass in 96% of the 25 patients examined, whereas Olsen and Lewis noted a parotid mass in 86% of the 66 patients examined [2, 7]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Confusion

  […] myoepithelial carcinoma Main predictors of outcome are patient age, tumor diameter, degree of capsule invasion, histological subtype of malignant component and lymph node or distant metastases Terminology Malignant mixed tumor (not recommended due to possible confusion [pathologyoutlines.com]

[…] selection and no consensus regarding a standard treatment or protocol. [frontiersin.org]

Successful treatment requires input from a multidisciplinary team (Head Neck 2019;41:269) Surgical excision with negative surgical margins is the mainstay of treatment Extent of surgery depends on the size and location of the tumor, status of the adjacent [pathologyoutlines.com]

These pathologies represent a challenge for professionals both for their diagnostic and treatment aspects, presenting a range of biological behaviors and similar histological aspects. [teses.usp.br]

But, the patient did not take any treatment. A sudden rapid growth was noticed in the last 3 months, for which patient consulted the surgeon. [austinpublishinggroup.com]

[…] for carcinoma ex recurrent pleomorphic adenoma is significantly worse than the prognosis for carcinoma ex primary pleomorphic adenoma (Histopathology 2011;59:741) Lymph node metastases may occur in 30% of cases (J Surg Oncol 2021;123:446) Distant metastases [pathologyoutlines.com]

Prognosis The prognosis of Ca ex PA depends on pathological staging parameters like the level of invasion, lymph node involvement, and local or distant metastasis [1, 18]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] is the extension of the tumor outside the capsule.2 It has been suggested that if the carcinomatous component is contained within the capsule of the pleomorphic adenoma, the prognosis is favorable. [scielo.isciii.es]

This study aims to clarify and explore the etiology and onset mechanism of SDCs. [frontiersin.org]

[…] subtype of malignant component and lymph node or distant metastases Terminology Malignant mixed tumor (not recommended due to possible confusion with carcinosarcoma) Carcinoma ex mixed tumor ICD coding ICD-O: 8941/3 - carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma Epidemiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

Epidemiology Gnepp summarizes approximately 60 series with Ca ex PA and noted that Ca ex PA constitutes approximately 3.6% of all salivary gland neoplasms, 6.2% of all mixed tumours, and 11.6% of all malignant salivary gland neoplasms [1]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] gland (18%); other major salivary glands less common (Am J Otolaryngol 2019;40:102279) Rare sites include oral cavity, pharynx, lacrimal gland, trachea, nasal cavity (Laryngoscope 2003;113:940, Histopathology 2007;51:868, Head Neck Pathol 2011;5:405) Pathophysiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

[…] have the capacity of becoming malignant, particularly those is the submaxillary gland; that the morphological differences between pleomorphic adenomas that reach malignant transformation and those that do not are minimal; and finally, that the best prevention [scielo.isciii.es]

Under quiescent normal conditions, the basal membrane is located between endothelial cells (ECs) and mural cells, preventing resident ECs from leaving their position relative to the coating of mural cells. [frontiersin.org]