Since the onset of illness patient has no history of coma and loss of consciousness, no fever, no head and face pain and no visual changes, no nasal itching, sneezing, purulent nasal discharge and other symptoms. [omicsonline.org]

Direct CCFs may result from: Trauma Rupture of a cavernous carotid aneurysm A tear in the wall of a weak cavernous internal carotid artery caused by congenital collagen vascular disease. [upmc.com]

Etiology Direct CCF may result from trauma, rupture of a cavernous carotid aneurysms, or from a tear in the wall of a congenitally weak cavernous ICA secondary to collagen vascular disease. Indirect CCF are usually spontaneous and idiopathic. [neurosurgery.pitt.edu]

Spontaneous fistulae usually result from a ruptured carotid aneurysm, in collagen vascular disease, atherosclerotic disease, hypertension, or at childbirth 3. 2. Flow: high or low flow 3. [sonoworld.com]

They represent congenital arteriovenous connections between small arterial branches and the cavernous sinus that open spontaneously in older women or in the setting of hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerotic disease, childbirth, or collagen-vascular disease [entokey.com]

The swelling was also accompanied by skin discoloration and pus discharge (Figure 1). She was referred to us for further management of her condition. On general examination, the patient looked ill and pallor was noted on the palms. [ijcasereportsandimages.com]

Seven patients complained of horizontal diplopia, whereas two had vertical diplopia and one had oblique diplopia. The nature of the diplopia in the remaining nine patients was not specified. [jnnp.bmj.com]

Also, we found a relation between the presence of fistulas and improvement of diplopia (βb 7.02; 95% CI, 1.71 to 12.32) and between increased age and improvement of diplopia (βb 3.68; 95% CI, 0.71 to 6.7). [stroke.ahajournals.org]

Kim First published December 26, 2006, DOI: A 54-year-old man developed sudden left-sided headache and diplopia. There was complete left ophthalmoplegia and decreased sensation in the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve. [neurology.org]

Diplopia is secondary due to the compression of cranial nerves by aneurysm [ 10 ]. [omicsonline.org]

Bardram, OCULOMOTOR PARESES AND NON-PARETIC DIPLOPIA IN PITUITARY ADENOMATA, Acta Ophthalmologica, 2009, 27, 2, 225 Wiley Online Library 8 Lester L. Lansky, John A. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

ophthalmoplegia Orbital congestion, lid chemosis, proptosis Visual loss, optic disc edema (unilateral) Signs of meningeal irritation Miscellaneous cavernous sinus lesions Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: Isolated or combined, painful ophthalmoplegia Herpes zoster [emedicine.medscape.com]

Case Description: A 53-year-old woman suffered severe left painful ophthalmoplegia. A magnetic resonance image (MRI) revealed thickness of the left cavernous sinus (CS). [surgicalneurologyint.com]

Most common causes are tumor (e.g. meningiomas) There is another described pathology within the cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure that presents with painful ophthalmoplegia known as Tolosa Hunt Syndrome. [eyewiki.aao.org]

headache, facial and orbital pain, ophthalmoplegia or visual loss) as well as asymptomatic aneurysms that project into the subarachnoid space should be considered for surgical management. [barrowneuro.org]

exophthalmos, lid congestion, conjunctival chemosis, orbital congestion, ocular hypertension, visual loss, optic neuropathy, optic disc edema, retinal hemorrhages, retinal venous congestion, and loud ocular and cranial bruit Indirect: Similar signs and [emedicine.medscape.com]

Triad of unilateral blindness, orbital fractures and massive epistaxis’ after head injury. J. Neurosurg., 1961;18: 837. 5. Mahmoud, NA. Traumatic aneurysm of the internal carotid artery and epistaxis. (Review of literature and report of a case). J. [jpma.org.pk]

Sigmoid sinus diverticulum and pulsatile tinnitus: analysis of CT scans from 15 cases. [connection.ebscohost.com]

Swelling of the membranes that cover the outside of the eyes and line the eyelids Forward displacement of the eyeballs Deteriorating vision Cranial nerve palsies Nosebleed Headache Bruit (a blowing sound in the vessel that can be heard with a stethoscope) Tinnitus [upmc.com]

Cranial nerve palsies, epitaxis, headache, bruit, and tinnitus may be present with either anterior or posterior drainage. Rare cases with subarachnoid hemorrhage. [neurosurgery.pitt.edu]

Those fistulas that involve the transverse and sigmoid sinuses, 2 of the most common locations for DAVFs, frequently cause pulsatile tinnitus. [ingentaconnect.com]

blood in the cerebral spinal fluid, stiff neck, sudden explosive headache); or To evaluate pulsatile tinnitus in members with signs or symptoms suggestive of a vascular lesion; or To rule out ICA, including aneurysms of the circle of Willis, in members [aetna.com]

Sigmoid sinus diverticulum and pulsatile tinnitus: analysis of CT scans from 15 cases. [connection.ebscohost.com]

tinnitus or lower cranial nerve dysfunction due to dissection-related mass effect. [neuroangio.org]

blood in the cerebral spinal fluid, stiff neck, sudden explosive headache); or To evaluate pulsatile tinnitus in members with signs or symptoms suggestive of a vascular lesion; or To rule out ICA, including aneurysms of the circle of Willis, in members [aetna.com]

Those fistulas that involve the transverse and sigmoid sinuses, 2 of the most common locations for DAVFs, frequently cause pulsatile tinnitus. [ingentaconnect.com]

The manifestations included arm, head and neck swellings in 97% of the patients, which coincide with the findings in the patient being reported, and pulmonary embolism in 36% of the patients. [ijcasereportsandimages.com]

The manifestations included arm, head and neck swellings in 97% of the patients, which coincide with the findings in the patient being reported, and pulmonary embolism in 36% of the patients. [ijcasereportsandimages.com]

Page 685 - Associated with atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis that extends to the hilar region but does not involve the entire lung. [books.google.com]