These are also present in left-sided diverticulitis and can also be seen when a cecal tumor is present. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Anemia

  Potential symptoms may include: Anemia, and symptoms that go along with anemia such as fatigue, shortness of breath, weakness, and a rapid heart rate. [verywellhealth.com]

  Most often gastric (50%) and pancreatic (16%) Complications and Clinical Findings Hematochezia (~40% of complications) Most common complication in children Heterotopic gastric mucosa ® ulceration and hemorrhage Occult blood loss and iron deficiency anemia [learningradiology.com]

  Predominant symptoms include severe diarrhea, fatigue, loss of appetite, malnutrition, abdominal pain and anemia. As the intestinal tissue begins to die, ulcers form that produce pus and mucus that cause bloody stool. [livestrong.com]

  Severe megaloblastic anemia: Vitamin deficiency and other causes Daniel S. Socha, MD, Sherwin I. DeSouza, MD, Aron Flagg, MD, Mikkael Sekeres, MD, MS and Heesun J. [ccjm.org]

  2% of the population and is the congenital result of the omphalomesenteric duct failing to obliterate completely during development. 12 Meckel diverticuli are commonly asymptomatic but younger patients often present with painless rectal bleeding and anemia [clinicaladvisor.com]

• Wound Infection

  There were three minor postoperative complications: pneumonia, wound infection and lower limb superficial thrombophlebitis. Conclusions: Cecal diverticulitis needs a high index of suspicion for achieving a preoperative diagnosis. [karger.com]

  Wound infections are treated by opening the wound and dressing changes, but deeper infections are treated with antibiotics and either percutaneous drainage or open operation. [fascrs.org]

  (E) 2 days IO Ileo-cecectomy Cecal mass- medial above ICJ SCD 7 Wound infection 24/M 3 LN. (SL) 3 days IO Ileo-cecectomy Cecal mass- medial above ICJ + perf. SCD 4 None 19/M 4 AM. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Pneumonia

  The acute catarrhal form may be associated with pneumonia or typhoid fever or any of the acute infections. Direct injury, as in straining and heavy lifting, is an occasional cause. ‎ [books.google.de]

  There were three minor postoperative complications: pneumonia, wound infection and lower limb superficial thrombophlebitis. Conclusions: Cecal diverticulitis needs a high index of suspicion for achieving a preoperative diagnosis. [karger.com]

  […] pregnancy, threatened abortion Abdominal wall: Muscle strain or trauma Muscular infection Neurogenic pain: herpes zoster, radiculitis in Lyme disease, abdominal cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES), tabes dorsalis Referred pain: From the thorax: pneumonia [autoprac.com]

  […] too far dorsally causing the upper esophagus to end as a closed tube. usually is accompanied by a tracheoesophageal fistula, in which case gut contents can be aspirated into the lungs after birth causing inflammation (pneumonitis) or even infection (pneumonia [web.duke.edu]

  Other risks of surgery include, but are not limited to, post-operative pneumonia, heart attack, stroke, blood clots in the legs and some times in the lungs, organ failure, and even death. [fascrs.org]

• Abdominal Pain

  They are an unfrequent cause of acute abdominal pain, but manifestations are clinically identical to acute appendicitis -pain in the right lower quadrant, fever, and leukocytosis. [scielo.isciii.es]

  CT and sonographic evaluation of acute right lower quadrant abdominal pain. Am J Roentgenol 1998;170:361-71. 16. Rao PM, Rhea JT, Novelline RA, et al. [journals.lww.com]

  Symptoms include abdominal pain, bloody or watery diarrhea, fever and decreased appetite. Symptoms may come and go and the disease may be active or in remission. [livestrong.com]

  Patients presenting with abdominal pain and focal tenderness should have CT with oral contrast. If vomiting and colicky abdominal pain predominate, flat and upright x-rays of the abdomen can be done to diagnose obstruction. [merckmanuals.com]

• Recurrent Abdominal Pain

  A case has been reported of cecal diverticulitis initially causing pain in the periumbilical region, and the patient presented recurrent abdominal pain for six months, without alteration to bowel habits or systemic toxic signs3, compatible with the clinical [scielo.br]

  Other causes Right hip pathology: may cause referred pain in the RIF. Familial Mediterranean fever : this may cause recurrent abdominal pain, mostly in the first decade of life. [patient.info]

  Today, patients with abdominal pain are more likely to be diagnosed by CT. And those with recurrent abdominal pain may receive many CTs over the course of their life. [reliasmedia.com]

• Abdominal Guarding

  RLQ or periumbilical acute abdominal pain Can result in perforation Enteroliths (~10%) Neoplasia (~3%) Most often carcinoid (M>F) Imaging Findings Abdominal Film, non-specific: Enteroliths, small bowel obstruction, perforation Abdominal CT Diverticulum [learningradiology.com]

  A physical examination further revealed diffuse abdominal tenderness and muscle guarding. Hollow organ perforation was highly suspected. [jacobspublishers.com]

• Dyspepsia

  Methods: The subjects were 80 patients who had underwent diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy; 49 with functional dyspepsia(FD), 10 with gastric ulcer(GU), 10 with duodenal ulcer(DU) and 11 with gastric cancer(GC). [kiss.kstudy.com]

  At 35 weeks and 4 days' gestation, the patient presented with dyspepsia and acid regurgitation for three days and then hospitalized. The patient had a persistent presence of the right lower back pain and night sweats, but presented with no fever. [ogscience.org]

  Less than 10% cause complications such as dyspepsia, mild abdominal discomfort, malabsorption, obstruction, volvulus, and bleeding [ 4, 5, 9 ]. Terminal ileal diverticulitis is a rare complication. [e-ultrasonography.org]

• Right Lower Quadrant Tenderness

  Left lower quadrant tenderness is the most common physical finding, as most diverticula occur in the sigmoid colon. [15] Right lower quadrant tenderness, mimicking acute appendicitis, can occur in right-sided diverticulitis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  In a patient with obstruction, there may be marked abdominal distention, usually of slow onset; abdominal tenderness may or may not be present, but if tears develop in the cecal taeniae, right lower quadrant tenderness is typically seen. [acssurgery.wordpress.com]

• Heart Disease

  Patients with colonic diverticula disease have a statistically significant increase in the frequency of gall stones, ischemic heart disease, varicose veins, hemorrhoids, colon cancer and previous appendectomy23–25). [kjim.org]

  Carcinoid syndrome can arise as a result and produce symptoms such as flushing, diarrhea, wheezing, or right-sided valvular heart disease. Symptoms may be general or related to the organ system in which the carcinoid arises. [statpearls.com]

  abdominal cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES), tabes dorsalis Referred pain: From the thorax: pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, ischemic heart disease, pericarditis From the spine: radiculitis From the genitals: testicular torsion Metabolic disturbance [autoprac.com]

• Hypertension

  He had histiry of osteoarthritis of the hips,COPD,essential hypertension and tobacco abuse.He did not drink alcohol;there was no significant family history. CBC and comprehensive metabolic panel was normal.The physical examination was unremarkable. [journals.lww.com]

  He was not a known hypertensive or diabetic but had a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Drug history revealed an occasional use of the NSAID diclofenac sodium, but he had ceased using it three months prior to presentation. [tropicalgastro.com]

  Bleeding Strictures Causes[edit] The causes of diverticulitis are poorly understood, with approximately 40 percent due to genes and 60 percent due to environmental factors.[10] Conditions that increase the risk of developing diverticulitis include arterial hypertension [en.wikipedia.org]

  Patients tend to be elderly 13 and to have cardiovascular disease and hypertension. Regular intake of NSAIDs may increase the risk of this complication. [acssurgery.wordpress.com]

• Hepatomegaly

  By location Source: Wikimedia Upper RHS ( hypochondric ), can be: Liver: hepatomegaly, caused by fatty liver, hepatitis, liver cancer, abscess Gallbladder and biliary tract: gallstones, inflammation Colon: bowel obstruction, colon cancer Upper middle [autoprac.com]

• Muscle Weakness

  Possible causes and risk factors may include: air travel in low cabin pressure colon muscle weakness (atonia) enlargement of the colon Hirschsprung’s disease (where the large intestine becomes inflamed and leads to constipation and obstruction) infections [healthline.com]

Integrating MR imaging into the clinical workup of pregnant patients suspected of having appendicitis is associated with a lower negative laparotomy rate: single-institution study. Radiology 2013;267:137-44. Dewhurst C, Beddy P, Pedrosa I. [jaocr.org]

The historical concept that RCD in the Western world was a more aggressive disease than LCD was merely a reflection of the unfamiliarity with this disease, an inadequate diagnostic workup and decision making in the operating room. [omicsonline.org]

The authors showed an eclectic approach to the treatment of this pathology. In cases where the diagnosis was certain, they suggest using a conservative approach as the treatment of choice, namely simple resection of the diverticulum. [minervamedica.it]

[…] of bowel) of the cecal diverticulitis (operative treatment, OT group). [kci.go.kr]

Conservative Treatment There are no established guidelines for the treatment of RSD, and current recommendations usually refer to the left colon.50,51 The incidence of complicated RSD during the first episode is low, and conservative treatment may be [elsevier.es]

However, the conservative treatment of diverticulitis has the risk of missing an inflammatory carcinoma on the right colon. [hindawi.com]

Prognosis Compared with left-sided colon cancers, right-sided colon cancers, such as those of the cecum, have somewhat poorer survival rates. [verywellhealth.com]

Prognosis after second attack Second attack  Risk of recurrent attacks is high (>50%)  Some studies suggest a higher rate (60%) of complications (abscess, fistulas, etc) in a second attack and a higher mortality rate (2x compared to initial attack) [slideshare.net]

Prognosis The outcome after surgery is usually excellent. The source of bleeding, pain, or obstruction is removed so the symptoms also disappear. A Meckel's diverticulum will not return. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

The clinical aggressiveness of signet ring carcinoma, coupled with its high prevalence of local recurrence, often make for a poor prognosis. [pubs.rsna.org]

It also prevents recurrence of diverticulitis episodes in patients with complicated diverticulitis. 11 Prognosis Diverticulitis will recur in 20% to 30% of patients. 2,7 Roughly one-third of patients treated nonoperatively will have a recurrent episode [uspharmacist.com]

[…] ascending colon.Conclusions: The aim of this case report is to review the literature about this uncommon case and to keep the right-sided colon diverticulitis in mind for the patients who are admitted to a hospital with right lower abdominal pain when the etiology [amjcaserep.com]

Comparison of etiology of right-sided diverticula in Japan with that of left-sided diverticula in the West. Int J Colo Dis 2002; 17: 365-373. Stemmermann G, Yatani R. [medigraphic.com]

Inflammatory etiology/ tubercular. On CT abdomen a large diverticular mass with dilated intestinal loop with fecolith was found. Patient underwent surgical treatment through right paramedian incision. [jemds.com]

[…] and Pathophysiology The exact etiology of diverticular disease is not known. [reliasmedia.com]

Although the etiology of caecal diverticula is Figure 2. [scirp.org]

[1] [2] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

First of all, we need to remind ourselves of the epidemiological perspective. [iffgd.org]

Epidemiology Before the 20th century, diverticular disease was rare Prevalence has increased over time  1907 First reported resection of complicated diverticulitis by Mayo  1925 5-10%  1969 35-50% 4. Epidemiology Increases with age  Age 40 5. [slideshare.net]

Colonic diverticulosis and diverticular disease: Epidemiology, risk factors, and pathogenesis. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed July 24, 2018. Tursi A, et al. [mayoclinic.org]

Pathophysiology Law of Laplace: P = kT / R Pressure = K x Tension / Radius Sigmoid colon has small diameter resulting in highest pressure zone 21. [slideshare.net]

[…] currant jelly stool” because of the appearance of the bloody, mucus-like bowel movement. 17 Intussusception is often mistaken for gastroenteritis, and in fact, is often preceded by gastroenteritis when it occurs in younger children, with the proposed pathophysiology [clinicaladvisor.com]

Etiology Caused mainly by lifestyle and environmental factors Increasing age Genetic factors Diet ( low-fiber, rich in fat and red meat) Obesity, low physical activity Cigarette consumption References: [2] [3] Classification Pathophysiology Diverticulosis [amboss.com]

Review article: The pathophysiology and medical management of diverticulosis and diverticular disease of the colon. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2015;42:664. Pemberton JH, et al. [mayoclinic.org]

The decision whether or not to exclude seeds or nuts as primary or secondary prevention of diverticulitis will boil down to common sense and personal choice. Primary prevention would be difficult. [iffgd.org]

Diet high in fiber increases stool bulk and prevents constipation, and theoretically may help prevent further diverticular formation or worsening of the diverticular condition. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Low-fiber foods can help prevent bloating and gas as your body heals. [livestrong.com]

Preventing problems It's not clear yet if we can prevent diverticulosis or diverticulitis. Exercising, controlling your weight, and eating less red meat and more fiber may help. [health.harvard.edu]

A high-fiber diet can alleviate symptoms of diverticular disease (diverticulosis and diverticulitis) and prevent recurrence of acute diverticulitis. [uspharmacist.com]