Here we report a 15-year-old sumo wrestler who presented with an anterior mediastinal abscess without any mediastinal fracture. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Presentation Chest trauma can lead to several serious injuries. Chest trauma patients usually present with chest pain and shortness of breath, but can also present in shock (altered mental status) or in traumatic arrest. [saem.org]

• Chest Wall Tenderness

  B – Breathing – provide high flow oxygen, check position of trachea, percuss for dullness, auscultate for equal air entry, exclude tension pneumothorax, examine for chest wall tenderness, flail segments or wounds. [pch.health.wa.gov.au]

  Paradoxical chest wall motion Look for bruising, seat belt or steering wheel marks, penetrating wounds Feel Feel for the trachea for deviation Assess whether there is adequate and equal chest wall movement Feel for chest wall tenderness or rib 'crunching [trauma.org]

  Acute myocardial infarction caused by coronary artery dissection following blunt chest trauma. Yonsei Med J 2003; 44:736–739. (A) Examination of the chest wall showed bruising as sign of injury and chest wall tenderness. [ekjm.org]

  (any thoracic injury including clavicle fracture or a widened mediastinum) Distracting injury Chest wall tenderness (boundaries defined as the upper and lower costal margins circumferentially; isolated clavicular tenderness does not qualify) Sternal tenderness [emdocs.net]

• Inspiratory Stridor

  stridor -Subcutaneous emphysema Lateral neck x-rays are the key to diagnosis of blank injuries to the larynx. [quizlet.com]

  Early symptoms include haemoptysis, localized pain, neck contusion, subcutaneous emphysema, hoarseness, inspiratory stridor, progressive dyspnoea and auscultatory findings of "crackling" synchronized with the heartbeat and breathing (Hamman 's sign). [intechopen.com]

• Pleuritic Pain

  Pleuritic pain may not develop for hours. If the pneumothorax is large, hyperresonance to percussion may be present. Respiratory distress, shock, unilateral absence of breath sounds, and hyperresonance to percussion indicate tension pneumothorax. [madsci.com]

• Non-Cardiac Chest Pain

  Results of cTnI were compared with those of 125 consecutive blood donors and 25 non-cardiac chest pain ED patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Platypnea

  Because his oxygen saturation deteriorated from 92% in the supine position to 86% in the sitting position, platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome was suspected. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Chest Pain

  A 31-year-old man was transferred to our hospital for worsening left chest pain during while he was admitted at a nearby hospital due to blunt chest trauma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  In patients who are awake and lucid, chest trauma can present with chest pain to dyspnea to back or abdominal pain and occasionally syncope. [saem.org]

• Refractory Shock

  Diagnosis Respiratory distress Hypotension Narrow pulse pressure Distended neck veins Soft heart sounds Refractory shock Investigations Bedside USS for confirmation if time permits Treatment ECG monitoring High flow oxygen Fluid resuscitation (to increase [rch.org.au]

• Sternal Tenderness

  tenderness does not qualify) Sternal tenderness Thoracic spine tenderness Scapular tenderness Bottom line Both NEXUS Chest CT-All and CT-Major have > 99% sensitivity in detecting major thoracic injuries. [emdocs.net]

Further workup showed ST elevation myocardial infarction involving the anterior ECG leads. Emergent coronary angiography was performed with intervention to the mid-left anterior descending occlusion. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

CXR, bedside ultrasound (FAST) Diseases suspected in secondary survey pulmonary contusion CXR: opacification of lung within 6 hours respiratory decompensation ruptured diaphragm CXR: abnormal peridiaphragmatic anatomy CT scan and endoscopy if further workup [medbullets.com]

[…] thoracic imaging in trauma NEXUS Chest score = 0 No thoracic imaging required NEXUS Chest score ≥ 1 In well-appearing patient with no evidence of multiorgan injury –> CXR only without chest CT In ill-appearing patients and/or those who will receive workup [aliem.com]

In severe chest blunt trauma, multidetector computer tomography (MDCT) has become part of the initial workup, mainly due to its high sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy of the technique for the detection and characterization of thoracic injuries and also [hindawi.com]

[…] should keep in mind, however, that the absence of a pericardial effusion in patients with penetrating thoracic trauma does not rule out cardiac injuries, for the reasons stated above. 55 Therefore, any violation to the precordial box requires a thorough workup [ahcmedia.com]

• Decreased Central Venous Pressure

  Decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure III. Widened mediastinum on chest x-ray IV. Decreased central venous pressure III. [quizlet.com]

• Atelectasis

  A 29-year-old patient after blunt chest trauma with right lung atelectasis and pulmonary empyema was referred for lung ventilation and perfusion scintigraphy before right-sided pneumonectomy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Atelectasis IV. Subcutaneous emphysema II. [quizlet.com]

  Rib fractures without flailing can be painful, resulting in splinting, atelectasis, and hypoxemia due to ventilation/perfusion mismatching. [mhmedical.com]

  […] in breathing can be caused by one or more of the following mechanisms: (1) impairments in the chest wall or musculature, for example, secondary to pain or because the chest wall motion is not coordinated; (2) impairments in gas exchange, secondary to atelectasis [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

  […] analysed on the basis of etiopathology and pathology.Results:There were 9 kinds of X-ray manifestations,their incidanee were as follows:Exudative alteration of lung in 70.7%(99/140),hematocele of lung in 2.8%(4/140),cyst of lung in 3.6%(5/140),pulmonary atelectasis [dict.cnki.net]

• Decreased Lung Compliance

  Decreased lung volumes II. Respiratory alkalosis and hyperoxemia III. Respiratory acidosis hypoxemia IV. Decreased lung compliance II. [quizlet.com]

  Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening respiratory failure manifested by non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, hypoxemia, decreased lung compliance, high intrapulmonary shunt and progressive [intechopen.com]

This article is a case study demonstrating a variety of traumatic chest injuries, including pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Chest Injury Treatment The treatment of chest injuries begins in the field because of rapid treatment at the scene of the accident can save lives. Here are the treatment techniques and pearls to consider: Remove any object in the chest like a knife. [autoaccident.com]

Chest trauma can present in many unique and unusual ways, but, if managed in time, patients can have an excellent prognosis. This video shows three cases of chest trauma with different modes of injury and varied presentations. [ctsnet.org]

[…] ribs with segmental fractures Epidemiology bimodal distribution younger patients involved in trauma older patients with osteopenia Mechanism blunt forces deceleration injuries Associated Injuries scapula fractures clavicle fractures hemo/pneumothorax Prognosis [orthobullets.com]

If the injured patient is transported to a specialized centre for timely treatment, the prognosis of penetrating chest traumas is quite favourable.Key words: penetrating chest trauma - diagnosis - chest drainage - thoracotomy - sternotomy. [pesquisa.bvsalud.org]

The present study aimed to investigate possible signs of trauma and the prognosis of trauma patients with thoracic injuries and identify risk factors for mortality. [jmedscindmc.com]

Pulmonary contusion: Quantifying the lesions on chest x-ray films and the factors affecting prognosis. J Trauma 1999; 46:833-8. 12. Civil ID, Schwab CW. The Abbreviated Injury Scale, 1985 revision: A condensed chart for clinical use. [ijaweb.org]

Etiology Mechanism of injury The mechanism of injury may be categorized as low, medium, or high velocity, as follows: Low-velocity injuries include impalement (eg, knife wounds), which disrupts only the structures penetrated Medium-velocity injuries include [emedicine.com]

Ongoing controversies regarding etiology, diagnosis, treatment Trauma protocols, including the ATLS protocols, are constantly under review and are updated regularly. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Etiology By far the most important cause of significant blunt chest trauma is motor vehicle accidents (MVAs). MVAs account for 70-80% of such injuries. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Consider CT: delineates alternative etiologies (aspiration, atelectasis, cardiogenic/non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema). [emdocs.net]

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic/epidemiologic study, level IV. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Introduction Defined as 3 or more ribs with segmental fractures Epidemiology bimodal distribution younger patients involved in trauma older patients with osteopenia Mechanism blunt forces deceleration injuries Associated Injuries scapula fractures clavicle [orthobullets.com]

Epidemiology of Polytrauma. In: Hans-Christoph Pape, Andrew B. Peitzman, C. William Schwab, Peter V. Giannoudis, editors. Damage Control Management in the Polytrauma Patient. New York: Springer; 2010. p. 13-24. 4. [sjtrem.biomedcentral.com]

International orthopaedics. 2009 Oct [PubMed PMID: 19266199] [4] LoCicero J 3rd,Mattox KL, Epidemiology of chest trauma. [statpearls.com]

This article is a case study demonstrating a variety of traumatic chest injuries, including pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Blunt and penetrating injuries have different pathophysiologies and clinical courses. Specific types of injuries include: Injuries to the chest wall Chest wall contusions or hematomas. [en.wikipedia.org]

Here, we present a case of chest trauma, in which we performed video-assisted thoracoscopic rib resection to prevent injury to the descending aorta by the fractured rib tip. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]