The behavioral effects of the mixed μ/κ MCL-741, an aminothiazolomorphinan, in attenuating cocaine-induced locomotor activity will be presented. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Fatigue

  Primary symptoms of cocaine dependence may include: agitation and restless behavior depressed mood fatigue generalized malaise increased appetite vivid and unpleasant dreams slowing of activity During withdrawal, there can be powerful, intense cravings [drug.addictionblog.org]

  […] found to curb cocaine cravings and reduce use of cocaine especially in chronic, heavy users How it works: Increases the amount of GABA in the brain, a neurotransmitter that has a calming and relaxing effect Side effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, fatigue [addictionrecoveryguide.org]

  Other symptoms include fatigue, lack of pleasure, anxiety, irritability, sleepiness, and sometimes agitation or extreme suspicion or paranoia. [nlm.nih.gov]

• Fever

  The abuser may complain of pain, swelling, and redness at the injection site or fever. [emedicinehealth.com]

  If any of the following situations occur after using cocaine, you should seek emergency medical treatment: Foul, itchy or bloody discharge from the sinuses A sinus infection that causes facial or severe sinus pain A chronic cough paired with fever Phlegm [addictions.com]

• Nausea

  OBJECTIVE: To test if past experiences of cue-induced physical symptoms of craving (nausea, vomiting, sweating, shaking, nervousness) before cocaine use could be a useful way to boost the diagnosis of cocaine dependence. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  How it works: It increases acetaldehyde in the blood Side effects: Nausea, vomiting (sometimes very severe, if any alcohol or cocaine is used), rapid heart rate, difficulty breathing, low blood pressure, confusion and fainting. [addictionrecoveryguide.org]

  A few of the side effects that various cannabinoid strains can provide relief from include nausea, depression, fatigue and insomnia. [marijuanadoctors.com]

  Physical signs include: Increased sweating, body temperature, or heart rate Trouble breathing Chest pain Nausea or vomiting Confusion, seizures, tremors Watch for these mental signs of overdose, too: Anxiety Panic Paranoia Hallucinations Delirium An overdose [webmd.com]

• Loss of Appetite

  Signs of Cocaine Dependence Isolation (“hiding out”) Abnormal sleeping habits Loss of appetite, eating less than usual Unexplained weight loss Erratic behavior Unpredictable mood swings Constant sniffling/running nose Nosebleeds Anxiety, restlessness, [discoveryplace.info]

  Effects of Use A person who is addicted to cocaine may experience the following symptoms and effects from coke : Confusion Dilated pupils Excess energy Increase in heart rate and blood pressure Loss of appetite Paranoia Rapid heartbeat Rapid speech Runny [thegooddrugsguide.com]

  Other physical side effects include: Racing heart rate Dilated pupils Rapid breathing Insomnia Loss of appetite Nose bleeds Irregular heart rhythms Asthma Psychological side effects of using cocaine are numerous as well. [addictionhope.com]

• Tachycardia

  The use of cocaine can cause erratic mood swings, paranoia, sleeplessness (insomnia), psychosis, high blood pressure, tachycardia (rapid heartbeat), anxiety, panic attacks, cognitive impairments, and drastic changes in personality that can lead to inconsistent [discoveryplace.info]

  Record 1, Synonyms, English Record 1, Textual support, English Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF Cocaine dependency with such evidence of cocaine intoxication as agitation, loquaciousness, overestimation of physical and mental capacities, tachycardia [btb.termiumplus.gc.ca]

  Binge user - frequent repeated use causes tachycardia, twitching, insomnia and anxiety. The patient may experience hallucinations or persecutory delusions that can result in dangerous aggression. [patient.info]

• Euphoria

  If you find yourself thinking about the euphoria produced by cocaine, force yourself to think of the negative outcomes that follow its use. [nlm.nih.gov]

  Understanding Cocaine Cocaine is a white powdery substance that reacts with the body’s central nervous system, producing energy and euphoria. [addictioncenter.com]

  Cocaine overdose may result in cardiovascular and brain damage, such as: constricting blood vessels in the brain, causing strokes and constricting arteries in the heart; causing heart attacks.The use of cocaine creates euphoria and high amounts of energy [en.wikipedia.org]

  When first experienced, you may have immediate feelings of euphoria and a sense of invincibility, connection with others and a rush of other pleasurable feelings. [orlandorecovery.com]

• Auditory Hallucination

  Heavy users of cocaine can also suffer from “cocaine psychosis”, a condition which causes paranoia, confusion, depression and hallucinations. [castlecraig.co.uk]

  By contrast, low-frequency TMS seemed to tamp down the auditory hallucinations that can plague schizophrenics. [sciencemag.org]

• Agitation

  Primary symptoms of cocaine dependence may include: agitation and restless behavior depressed mood fatigue generalized malaise increased appetite vivid and unpleasant dreams slowing of activity During withdrawal, there can be powerful, intense cravings [drug.addictionblog.org]

  When you give up cocaine, you may feel agitated, depressed, exhausted and angry. Cocaine withdrawal can cause an intense emotional and physical crash that drives many addicts back to using. [luxury.rehabs.com]

  Other symptoms include fatigue, lack of pleasure, anxiety, irritability, sleepiness, and sometimes agitation or extreme suspicion or paranoia. [nlm.nih.gov]

• Headache

  Three (20%) subjects experienced side effects related to disulfiram, including headache, slurred speech and drowsiness. One (6.6%, p = 0.282) subject reported headache with placebo. [scielo.br]

  […] cravings and reduce use of cocaine especially in chronic, heavy users How it works: Increases the amount of GABA in the brain, a neurotransmitter that has a calming and relaxing effect Side effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, fatigue, nausea, headache [addictionrecoveryguide.org]

Multifamily therapy may be a powerful method to engage patients families in treatment and promote treatment retention, especially in the early, intensive phases of treatment for cocaine dependency. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

BACKGROUND: Dual dependence on opiate and cocaine occurs in about 60% of patients admitted to methadone maintenance and negatively impacts prognosis (Kosten et al. 2003. Drug Alcohol Depend. 70, 315). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis Not all cocaine abusers become dependent on the drug. [minddisorders.com]

Long Term Prognosis of Cocaine Addiction Rehabitation The prognosis for minor complications of cocaine use is good if further drug use can be stopped completely. [emedicinehealth.com]

(Etiology) The mechanism of Cocaine Dependence is not fully understood, because it affects each individual differently (and sometimes, not at all) Repeated use can result in dependence, as the user will, over time, need more cocaine to achieve the same [dovemed.com]

Morbidity Regarding emergency department (ED) visits in 2011, the Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) reports that cocaine and marijuana were the most commonly involved drugs, with 505,224 ED visits (40.3%) and 455,668 ED visits (36.4%), respectively. [4] The etiologies [emedicine.com]

In the past, most attention in etiologic research on drug dependence has been fixed upon risks of first drug use or first appearance of drug dependence. [doi.org]

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 2 : 244–268 Anthony JC, Helzer JE. (1995): Epidemiology of drug dependence. In Tsuang M, Tohen M, Zahner G (eds), Psychiatric Epidemiology. [doi.org]

BACKGROUND: Neurotrophic factors have been investigated in the pathophysiology of alcohol and drug dependence and have been related to early life stress driving developmental programming of neuroendocrine systems. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Paredes A, Gorelick DA: Physiological and Pathophysiological Effects of Cocaine: (Introduction). Adv Alcohol Subst Abuse (in press). Google Scholar 8. Mody CK, Miller BL, Mclntyre HB, Cobb SK, Goldberg MA: Neurologic complications of cocaine abuse. [link.springer.com]

[…] substances. [1] There are 5 categories of stimulant-related disorders according to DSM-5. [1] They are as follows: Stimulant use disorder Stimulant intoxication Stimulant withdrawal Other stimulant-induced disorders Unspecified stimulant-related disorder Pathophysiology [emedicine.com]

Since there is no approved medication for cocaine withdrawal or relapse prevention, our focus was on relapse prevention counselling using cognitive behavioural principles. The outcome was variable. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Although other treatments are being explored, thus far, the combination of CBT and pharmacotherapy has elicited the best results for treating cocaine dependence with respect to patient retention and relapse prevention following abstinence. [eurekaselect.com]